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91.
V. P. Naumenko 《Strength of Materials》1996,28(1):10-18
The adoption of unified fracture mechanics terminology (UFMT) will promote efficient communication between specialists in different fields of fracture research, harmonization of national and international standards relating to fracture mechanics, and last but not least improvement of the existing methodology for teaching and education in fatigue and fracture. In this paper the definitions of some basic and related terms included in different standards on fracture mechanics terminology are confronted with one another. Alternative definitions of the same terms are offered. By this strategy the author tries to show that the definitions of basic and related terms appropriate for the UFMT should emerge as a consequence of harmonizing a crack model with an actual crack and then both taken together with a fracture model, laboratory test methods, and failure assessment codes.Published in Problemy Prochonsti, No. 1, pp. 17–29, January, 1996.This paper is published as a matter of discussion. 相似文献
92.
93.
根据大庆油田油气集输工艺设计的实践,分析了几种实用的油气集输管道敷设方式的优缺点。在对不同敷设方式的管道热耗做了较详细计算的基础上,进行了比较,提出了确定油气集输管道的最佳敷设方式:站外管道基本上采用埋地敷设;站内管道则应依据站址处的常年最高地下水位资料来确定,即在保证管道不长期受地下水浸泡的前提下,站内室外管道以埋地敷设为主,室内管道以架空与理地同时敷设为最佳;地下水位高的站内,以架空敷设最佳。 相似文献
94.
Since electronic switching systems usually require very strict reliability requirements as well as good performance objectives, we need to jointly analyse the performance and reliability of switching systems. In this paper, we compare conventional time–space–time switches with single space switches with those with multiple separated space switches, from the viewpoints of reliability and performance. We consider time–space–time switching networks which consist of N incoming time switches, i.e. one NxN space switch, two (N/2)x(N/2) space switches, and four (N/4)x(N/4) space switches. We introduce a Markov reliability model to study the effect of failures and analyse the reliability and performance of three different types of switching networks in terms of average blocking probability and the mean time to unreliable operation, as we vary the offered traffic. As a result, T–S–T switching networks with multiple separated space switches exhibit better performance and reliability than those with single space switches. 相似文献
95.
96.
K. Konstantinov N. Balchev G. Gyurov I. Stambolova I. Khristova 《Journal of Superconductivity》1993,6(6):381-386
The superconducting properties and the phase and chemical composition of Bi
x
Pb0.3Sb0.1Sr
y
Ca2Cu3Oz (x=1.5, 1.6, and 1.7;y=1.9, 2.0, and 2.1) materials synthesized by one-step and multistep thermal treatments have been investigated. The multistep annealing between 825–875°C promotes the 2223 phase. The change of Bi concentration has little effect on the 2223 phase formation, regardless of the kind of thermal treatment used, but increasing the Sr concentration (y> 2) strongly inhibits this phase. It has also been established that the loss of Pb after synthesis depends on the initial Bi concentration. The loss of Pb decreases when the initial Bi content is lower. 相似文献
97.
纳米科学技术将成为21世纪最重要的高技术之一。纳米技术的最终目标是直接操纵单个原子和分子,制造量子功能器件,从而开拓人类崭新的生产生活模式。文章评述利用电子束、离子束的精细技术和STM原子操纵技术的研究现状,介绍原子层蚀刻,单层抗蚀剂自形成蚀刻,纳米自然蚀刻和电子束全息纳米蚀刻等高技术前沿动态,展望纳米技术的发展前景。 相似文献
98.
Kwang Soo Lee In Soo Park & Dong Sun Lee 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》1996,31(1):7-13
The aim of this study was to design a modified atmosphere package for a mixed vegetable salad consisting of 75 g of cut carrot, 55 g of cut cucumber, 20 g of sliced garlic and 50 g of whole green pepper. Respiration data of all the components were combined with film permeability data to predict package atmospheres and design optimal packages for experimental testing for improved shelf-life of the produce. The optimal package avoided minimum O2 and maximum CO2 tolerance limits, and chilling injury temperatures for any component. A pouch form package made of 27 mm low density polyethylene developed a modified atmosphere of 2.0–2.1% O2 and 5.5–5.7% CO2 , which was beneficial for all components and provided better quality retention than other test packages. 相似文献
99.
100.