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31.
The growth structure of MgF2 and NdF3 films grown on polished CaF2(111) substrates deposited by molecular beam deposition has been investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of microfractographical and surface replications as well as cross-sectional TEM, atomic force microscopy, packing density, and absorption measurements. It has been shown that by taking advantage of ultrahigh vacuum environments and a special stratification property of MgF2 and NdF3 films, the preparation of nanocrystalline films of high packing density and low optical absorption is possible at a substrate temperature of 425 K. 相似文献
32.
An Arctangent Unwrapping Technique of Photoelasticity Using Linearly Polarized Light at Three Wavelengths 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Abstract: In the automatic measurements of the principal stress directions ψ and the total relative phase retardation ρ tol , ψ and ρ tol can be easily obtained by the phase unwrapping method using the arctangent function. However, only some published works exist on the measurements of ψ and ρ tol by photoelastic techniques using a linearly polarised incident light source. This paper presents the technique of applying an unwrapping by means of the arctangent function to photoelasticity. The technique overcomes the error associated with the quarter-wave plate by using an incident light of different wavelength and does not need an interpolation for the determination of ψ . The technique is validated by determining ψ and ρ tol for the well-known circular disk subjected to a diametral compressive load model. 相似文献
33.
The process of mechanoluminescence transformation of a pulse pressure sensor is considered. The process consists in excitation
of emission under the action of mechanical loading. An algorithm for use in processing the output optical signal of the sensor
that makes it possible to determine an input shock pulse is presented.
__________
Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 10, pp. 28–31, October, 2007. 相似文献
34.
The ultrastructural diagnosis of tumors requires a careful analysis that should be done in an orderly fashion. It requires precise planning from the time of specimen collection to the selection of the area to be examined. Pictures must be taken systematically and every micrograph should allow to answer whether the number of cells photographed is adequate; whether mitoses are present, what is the pattern of the tumor; what is the appearance of the cell membrane; whether the cells are joined by junctional complexes; whether free surfaces possess microvilli or cilia; what organelles are present and how they are distributed; whether there are secretory granules, melanosomes, or other cytoplasmic elements. Nuclear and nucleolar size and shape have to be taken into consideration. The composition of the interstitial extracellular matrix is important in certain types of tumors. Although these questions are not the only ones to be addressed, their use in a logical fashion is helpful when it concerns the ultrastructural diagnosis. 相似文献
35.
Power devices with high capability have been developed. 8‐kV/3.5‐kA‐class light‐triggered thyristors have the highest capability among power devices. These devices are used in the Kii Channel HVDC transmission system in Japan. In this paper, we report the extracted problems of conventional testing methods of 8‐kV/3.5‐kA‐class light‐triggered thyristors among manufacturers, and the proposed unified testing methods on the basis of element characteristics and operating conditions in the Kii Channel HVDC system. Furthermore, we propose a figure of merit for power devices for the practical use, and try to extract elements used at the Kii Channel HVDC system with small margins and low withstand capabilities. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 140(3): 61–70, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.10024 相似文献
36.
动态光散射法研究海藻酸钠凝胶松弛行为 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
在前文的基础上,用相关函数轮廓分析的方法剖析了运动模型模式的复杂性。通过海藻酸钠水溶液在0.1mol/LCaCl2水溶液透析凝胶化过程中交联网络的松弛时间谱表明它不是单一的峰,有两上特征运动模式,并随透析向更慢的运动模式发展,这很慢的运动模式估计与区域的结构的生成有关。 相似文献
37.
本文描述用离子束透过钽金属膜进行混合和快速热处理方法来形成钽的硅化物.用溅射方法在P型硅衬底上淀积一层金属钽,然后用砷离子束透过钽金属模进行混合,采用快速热处理后形成了平整的硅化钽薄层.使用厚度为500埃的钽金属膜,得到钽的硅化物薄层电阻为5.5Ω/□.研究了砷离子能量、剂量及钽膜厚度对钽的硅化物薄层电阻的影响.用透射电镜和台阶仪对所形成的硅化钽进行了分析和厚度测量. 相似文献
38.
T. MATTILA-SANDHOLM T. ALI-VEHMAS G. WIRTANEN U. RÖNNER M. SANDHOLM 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》1991,26(3):325-336
Automated monitoring of the microbiological quality of heat-processed foods by the resazurin reduction test was applied to microtitration plate incubator-fluorimeter technology. The appearance and disappearance of the fluorescing peak of resorufin was monitored on microtitration trays. Pasteurized or ultra-high temperature-treated starch-based soup was used as the model food system. Bacillus subtilis spores (ultra-high temperature treatment) and vegetative cells of Enterococcus faecalis (pasteurization) were inoculated into the soup before the heat treatment at levels which resulted in some survival. The timing of appearance of maximum fluorescence correlated with the number of bacteria in pre-incubated samples. Automated resazurin-reduction fluorimetry was compared with conventional plating, turbidometry and microcolony count by the direct epifluorescent filter technique. The results of the resazurin test correlated well with those of all the other methods tested. Fluorimetry had the advantage that the results could be read within 1–5h and the reproducibility was superior to the other methods. 相似文献
39.
C R Chakravorty 《Bulletin of Materials Science》1994,17(6):733-745
Magnesium-lithium alloys are among the lowest density metallic materials. Addition of lithium, with a relative density of
0·53, in magnesium reduces the density of the alloy significantly. Furthermore, addition of nearly 11 wt.% lithium converts
hexagonal close packed structure of pure magnesium to a body centered cubic lattice, markedly improving formability of the
alloy. The development of these alloys, however, had been hampered due to the high reactivity of lithium and magnesium in
the molten state and also, due to poor creep resistance and instability of mechanical properties at room temperature. In an
attempt to indigenize these ultra light alloys for possible applications in Indian satellite programme, detailed research
work was initiated in DMRL. The difficulties associated with producing sound cast ingots have been overcome by controlling
melting and casting parameters of these alloys. Extensive work has been done on structure-property correlation of alloys with
varying lithium content and minor alloying additions. Based on these work, advanced magnesium-lithium alloys have been developed
with improved tensile properties, room temperature stability and creep resistance. Wrought products (plates/sheets) of magnesium-lithium
alloy have been supplied to ISAC, Bangalore and are being used in their INSAT-2 programme. This paper describes the systematic
studies carried out in the laboratory to indigenize these ultra light alloys. 相似文献
40.