Chemiresistor sensor using elastomer-functionalized carbon nanotube nanocomposites for the detection of gasoline spills

Two types of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT)-based elastomer nanocomposites are used as a sensor material for the detection of gasoline spills by applying the interdigitated electrode (IDE) device. MWNT-g-polyisoprene (PI) and Si-MWNT/natural rubber (NR) are prepared by applying “grafting-from” and “grafting-to” process, respectively. When compared based on the identical condition of gasoline sensing test, the maximum response value to the exposure of gasoline is 17.5 for MWNT-g-PI sensor and 12.9 for Si-MWNT/NR sensor, which reach the maximum in less than 3 min. The MWNT-g-PI sensor selectively detects gasoline, and its response is completely reversible. It shows that the longer chain length of PI brings about the larger response of MWNT-g-PI sensor to gasoline. The sensitivity of MWNT-g-PI sensor highly depends on both how much gasoline is exposed to the sensor and what bias voltage is applied to the IDE device. The IDE sensor using MWNT-g-PI nanocomposites effectively detects gasoline spills.     

微纳层叠共挤PP/PA6/CNTs原位微纤复合膜的制备及性能研究

采用双转子连续混炼挤出机与微纳层叠共挤出成型设备制备了聚丙烯/聚酰胺6/碳纳米管（PP/PA6/CNTs）复合材料和原位微纤复合膜,通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、流变仪、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、万能拉伸试验机及电阻测试仪对其微观结构、流变性能、结晶性能、力学性能和导电性能进行了表征。结果表明,与共混相比,微纳层叠共挤出法使得分散相PA6/CNTs形成了微纤,微纤的形成不仅提升了复合膜的动态流变性能,并且增加了基体PP相的结晶度,提高了PA6相的结晶温度,提升了复合膜的结晶性能;当CNTs含量为0.5 %（质量分数,下同）时,复合膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均达到最大值,分别为42.17 MPa和857.82 %,体积电阻率（R）下降到10⁴ Ω·cm,综合力学性能和导电性能达到最佳。     

热裂解气质联用鉴别PA56、PA66和PA6

采用热裂解气质联用（Py-GC/MS）方法鉴别聚酰胺56（PA56）、聚酰胺66（PA66）和聚酰胺6（PA6）及其共混物。结果表明,在550 ℃裂解温度下,PA56与PA66相对丰度100 %的峰为环戊酮,分别具有特征裂解产物1,8-二氮杂环十三烷-2,7?二酮和1,8-二氮杂环十四烷-2,7-二酮,PA6相对丰度100 %的峰为己内酰胺;此方法可用于快速鉴别PA56、PA66和PA6的工业初级品,并成功检出了PA6/PA56共混物、PA6/PA66改性共混物与改性PA66。     

Linear actuation in coextruded dielectric elastomer tubes

Cylindrical fibre actuators have been constructed by a coextrusion method using a thermoplastic polyurethane wall and a conductive grease filler. These actuators may be operated as single fibres or bundled together as actuating ropes. Key results include the validation of Carpi’s wall pressure model [F. Carpi, D.D. Rossi, Dielectric elastomer cylindrical actuators: electromechanical modelling and experimental evaluation, Mater. Sci. Eng. C-Biomimetic Supramol. Syst. 24 (2004) 555–562] and the proof-of-concept demonstration of a technique that can be used for producing inexpensive dielectric elastomer actuators on an industrial scale.     

聚碳酸酯基聚氨酯/芳纶纤维复合材料的制备与性能

以聚碳酸酯二元醇为软段,利用预聚体法制备了系列聚碳酸酯基聚氨酯/芳纶浆粕纤维(Aramid pulp)复合材料,研究了芳纶浆粕纤维对聚碳酸酯基聚氨酯弹性体(PUE)力学性能的影响。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射、差示扫描量热分析、热重分析、红外光谱及电子拉伸机等测试仪器对聚氨酯复合材料的结构与性能进行了表征和分析。结果表明,芳纶浆粕纤维能有效实现对聚氨酯弹性体的增强作用,其中对撕裂强度的增强尤为突出。当芳纶浆粕纤维用量为0.5%时,复合材料的撕裂强度由106 k N/m提高到120 k N/m,表现出最好的力学性能;芳纶浆粕纤维在聚氨酯中分散均匀,提高了复合材料的热稳定性。     

耐温保气型热熔胶的研制

本文以二聚脂肪酸聚酸股为主基村，研制了一种通信电缆接头用热可缩材料用热熔胶。讨论了主基材的选择、辅料对胶性能的影响，且与EVA型常规胶性能作了比较．     

丙烯-乙烯共聚物Vistamaxx的结构性能表征

Vistamaxx(VM)是一种新型的茂金属催化的丙烯-乙烯共聚物,其丙烯质量分数在70%以上,组成与结晶性介于无定型的乙丙橡胶与结晶性的聚丙烯之间,是一种柔软且有弹性的聚烯烃材料。对VM进行了红外光谱(FTIR)、广角X射线衍射(WAXD)、示差扫描量热(DSC)以及力学性能的测试分析,结果表明:VM中的乙烯质量分数在20%以下;VM的Tg在-24℃以下;VM的结晶度较低,其结晶具有聚丙烯α-型晶体结构特点,分子链中较短的链段可在室温以下结晶表现出二次结晶现象;VM是一种透明性高、力学性能优异的热塑性弹性体材料。     

BOPA薄膜的性能及其生产工艺

介绍了双向拉伸聚酰胺薄膜(BOPA)的性能和用途,重点探讨了其加工原理和加工工艺。