阻燃-光稳定复合材料的研究进展简

对于向聚合物中同时添加光稳定组份、阻燃组份和单独向聚合物中添加阻燃-光稳定多功能型添加剂,制造阻燃-光稳定聚合物复合材料的方法的研究进展进行了综述.     

One-stage photoinitiated RAFT dispersion polymerization – Reaction parameters for achieving high particle size uniformity

One-stage photoinitiated RAFT dispersion polymerization (PRDP) has been studied. It was found that the structure of the RAFT agent has a strong influence on the particle morphology. Carboxyl-functionalized trithiocarbonates, including S,S′-bis(α,α′-dimethyl-α″-acetic acid) trithiocarbonate (BDMAT), S-1-dodecyl-S′-(α,α′-dimethyl-α″-acetic acid) trithiocarbonate (DDMAT), S-1-ethyl-S′-(α,α′-dimethyl-α″-acetic acid) trithiocarbonate (EDMAT), were found to be suitable RAFT agents for preparing highly monodisperse microspheres. GPC traces suggested that the polymerization does not follow the typical controlled/living process due to the low RAFT agent concentration in comparison with photoinitiator concentration. Particle size and uniformity changed very little with a wide range of concentrations of the stabilizer and photoinitiator. Highly monodisperse microspheres were obtained even at low stabilizer concentration (5 wt% PVP). Increasing the monomer concentration led to an increase in particle diameter with an exponent of 0.63, which is similar in scale to conventional dispersion polymerization. The microspheres were monodisperse at monomer concentrations ranging from 5 to 15 wt%.     

三元复合驱体系的膜性质和乳状液的破乳动力学研究

三元复合驱 (ASP)溶液与原油的界面张力为任一组分NaOH或ORS -4 1浓度函数。表面活性剂ORS -4 1分子膜性质随碱浓度变化表明 ,碱与表面活性剂间存在相互作用。在高表面压下 ,聚丙烯酰胺对表面活性剂单分子膜影响极小 ,在低表面压下影响显著。破乳剂对ASP膜影响较大。使用常规瓶试法测定了W /O原油乳状液的破乳动力学。碱与表面活性剂浓度对乳状液破乳影响较大 ,当ORS -4 1浓度较高时 ,聚合物影响变小。ASP乳状液破乳变化规律符合一级动力学方程     

聚合物多元醇在聚氨酯微孔弹性体中的应用研究

对聚合物多元醇在聚氨酯微孔弹性体中的应用进行了研究。考察了聚合物聚醚多元醇及聚合物聚酯多元醇对聚氨酯微孔弹性体力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,该类聚合物多元醇的引入可使聚氨酯微孔弹性体制品的力学性能得到较大改善,因此该类聚合物多元醇在聚氨酯领域必将具有广阔的应用前景。     

GAP增塑剂合成研究进展

概述聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(GAP)增塑剂的合成方法、合成路线及新进展,重点介绍了端羟基GAP、端叠氮基GAP、端酯基GAP和端酯基端叠氮基GAP增塑剂的合成。     

高分子染料BPD在透明皮革上的应用研究

采用端氨基小分子染料活性蓝与异氰酸酯、多元醇等反应制备了一种高分子染料BPD,将制备的高分子染料用于透明皮革染色研究.研究表明:高分子染料染色透明皮革拥有较好的耐迁移、耐擦色牢度,耐迁移可达到4～5级,耐干擦色牢度为5级,耐湿擦色牢度可达4～5级;高分子染料的引入可以提高皮透明皮革的力学性能,当高分子染料用量为0.14...     

交联剂对魔芋超强吸水剂凝胶强度和吸水倍率的影响

以魔芋葡甘聚糖为基体,丙烯酸为单体,过硫酸钾为引发剂,分别以N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)、甘油、聚乙二醇600(PEG600)、Ca(NO3)2.4H2O为交联剂,制备魔芋超强吸水树脂(KSAP),测试其凝胶强度和吸水倍率,同时对其进行红外光谱结构表征。实验表明,以MBA为交联剂制得的KSAP的凝胶强度最大,可达到153.7g/cm2,以甘油为交联剂制得的KSAP的吸水倍率最高,可达1201g/g。     

The Influence of Temperature on the Tensile Properties and Residual Strain Following Stress-relaxation Processes of Armos and Terlon Aramid Yarns

Abstract

Aromatic polyamide fibres occupy a unique position among synthetic fibres due to their superior mechanical and thermal properties. Armos and Terlon are of particular interest as initial raw material for the production of high-strength, high-modulus and heat-resistant aramid fibres and yarns. This study investigates the influence of temperature on the strength and deformation properties of these yarns. It is found that the characteristics of tensile stress– strain properties and the accumulation of residual deformation are temperature dependent, especially in the case of Armos. The mechanical properties are strongly influenced by the level of moisture which is associated with intermolecular interaction such as hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals forces.     

Improving the flame retardancy of PET fiber by constructing the carbon microspheres based melamine polyphosphate powder

Abstract

Carbon microspheres (CMSs) as carbon source, melamine phosphate (MP) as acid source and gas source, the integrated CMSs based MP composites (SiMP-CMSs) was in-situ prepared to improve the flame retardancy of PET fiber. A series of SiMP-CMSs/PET fiber were prepared by the melt spinning method. By investigating the thermal stability, flame retardancy, flame-retardant mode, crystallization and orientation degree of PET composite fiber, the results showed that, with the addition of 0.9?wt% SiMP-CMSs, the LOI value and vertical combustion grade of SiMP-CMSs/PET composite fiber was 27.4% and B1 level. The main flame-retardant mode of SiMP-CMSs/PET fiber was 31.33% physical barrier, 36.04% flame inhibition and 11.12% catalytic charring. The thermal decomposition temperature was delayed, and the residual amount increased from 11.34% to 16.13%. With the accelerated crystallization rate and the increased grain orientation, the aggregated structure of SiMP-CMSs/PET fiber was also optimized.     

化学还原工艺制备离子聚合物金属复合材料的研究

离子聚合物金属复合材料(Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite,IPMC)是一种新型智能材料,在较低电场作用下能够发生形变,由其构成的致动器具有致动方式简单、效率高、致动电压低、操作安全及质量轻等优点,在软性机械致动器、应力传感器、人工肌肉、生物医用和仿生材料等方面有广泛的应用前景.以EVOH-g-SO3H交联膜为离子聚合物基体,采用化学还原工艺制备出了IPMC,讨论了化学还原的制备工艺和机理,利用电子显微镜对IPMC的表面和断面电极形貌进行了表征.结果表明,EVOH-g-SO3H交联膜两侧形成了厚度约为20μm的电极层;一次、二次、三次化学还原的IPMC电极厚度分别为17.59μm、24.81μm、28.32μm,且经多次化学还原后IPMC的电极层致密性和平整性比一次化学还原的好.