大分子相容剂在填充聚烯烃中的应用

综述了国内外大分子相容剂在填充聚烯烃塑料中的应用，以及大分子相容剂改性填充聚烯烃塑料的物理与力学性能；指出大分子相容剂用于填充塑料，能改善高分子基体与填料间界面粘结，提高填充塑料复合材料的物理与力学性能，比传统有机偶联剂更具特点。     

高性能热塑性树脂基复合材料的研究进展

近些年来,纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料已逐步发展成为复合材料中一个高性能、低成本的新型材料家族。本文主要介绍了各种高性能工程塑料和增强纤维的发展,连续纤维增强热塑性树脂的浸渍工艺及成型工艺,最后还介绍了热塑性纤维复合材料的发展趋势。     

TPR处理剂的研究

利用活性单体苯乙烯与氯丁橡胶、高苯乙烯热塑弹性体接枝聚合，所得产物稀释后用于ＴＰＲ（ＴｈｅｒｍａｌＰｌａｓｔｉｃＲｕｂｂｅｒ）粘接前的预处理，可明显提高剥离强度。     

扩链剂在PVC树脂生产中的应用

讨论了常见扩链剂的功能及在聚氯乙烯树脂生产中的应用。     

PVC基热塑性弹性体的制备

采用机械共混法制备PVC基弹性体，研究了聚合物的质量配比、增塑剂的用量及增塑剂的配合使用对体系性能的影响，并考察了填料对体系性能的影响。结果表明，通过不同的聚合物质量配比、增塑剂的选择以及不同填料的选用，可制得不同性能的热塑性弹性体。     

Fat-simulating and accelerating solvents for polyolefins and MWD of solvent extracts of polyethylenes

Migration kinetics of straight-chain oligomers and antioxidants from several polyolefins at different temperatures into various solvents have been studied by radioactive tracer techniques. Anhydrous ethanol appears to be a well suited food-oil or liquid-fat simulant for extracting different types of migrants from polyolefins. Pure and mixed triglycerides are also good oil or fat simulants, but the triglycerides offer no simpler analytical procedures than the use of oil or fat themselves. n-Octanol may also be considered as a reasonable oil or fat simulant; however, its action depends somewhat on the choice of migrants. The accelerating action of n-heptane over that of oil or simulants is quantitatively demonstrated. The accelerating effects are greater for migration systems with lower diffusion coefficients. The diffusion coefficients for migration into n-heptane are about 20 times greater than the diffusion coefficients into ethanol or oil for otherwise identical migration systems yielding diffusion coefficients of about 10^?7 cm²s^?1 into oil or ethanol. For systems yielding diffusion coefficients into oil or ethanol of about 10^?12 cm²s^?1, the corresponding diffusion coefficients into n-heptane are about 1000 times greater. The molecular weight distributions (MWDs) of the n-heptane and ethanol extracts of polyolefins have been analysed. n-Heptane can not only accelerate the migration of the individual migrant but also remove oligomer species that are slightly soluble or present at low levels in the oil or simulant extracts.     

动态硫化技术及其发展

结合动态硫化技术的发展史,重点评述了国外80年代该技术的发展及其特点,揭示了TPV性能及特征与制备条件的关系;简介我国开发研究TPV的概况,并提出了看法。     

POE/轻质CaCO3填充体系的力学、流变性能研究

用轻质CaCO3填充新型聚烯烃弹性体POE,研究了填充体系的力学性能和流变性能随CaCO3含量变化的规律.发现随CaCO3填充量增加至40份,体系拉伸强度下降,拉断伸长率变化不大,冲击回弹性下降,邵氏硬度上升.POE8150/CaCO3的拉伸强度、邵氏硬度比POE8003/CaCO3小,前者的拉断伸长率、冲击回弹性大于后者.POE8150/CaCO3的流动曲线表明体系的整体流动性较好,可以较快地剪切速率挤出,CaCO3的加入使流动性变差.     

Diffusion and sorption of benzene vapor through polybutadiene‐, polybutadiene/styrene‐, and polybutadiene/acrylonitrile‐based polyurethanes

A series of polyurethane (PU) films made from toluene diisocyanate (TDI), 1,4‐butanediol (BDO), and hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene/styrene (HTBS), or hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene/acrylonitrile (HTBN) was synthesized by solution polymerization. The absorption of benzene vapor was found mainly in the soft phase. The equilibrium adsorption (M_∞) was reduced with increasing hard segment content for all the PUs. The values of M_∞ were in the sequence of HTBN‐PUs > HTBS‐PUs > HTPB‐PUs, which could be explained by the different interaction parameters between soft segments and benzene. The HTBN‐PU film showed the lowest degree of phase segregation and had more hard segments intermixed in the soft phase, restricting the movement of soft segments, and therefore resulted to non‐Fickian behavior, while the HTPB‐PU is antithetical. FTIR and atomic force microscopy were utilized to identify the hydrogen bonding behavior and morphology change of the PU films before and after the absorption of benzene vapor. The tensile strength of the HTBN‐PUs showed a greater decrease than that of HTBS‐PUs and HTPB‐PUs after absorbing benzene vapor. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 2984–2991, 2004