硫酸铵厂房和构筑物的腐蚀防护

与硫酸铵接触的部分建筑物和构筑物腐蚀严重，混凝土因腐蚀而剥落并露出钢筋，危害厂房的安全使用，通过对混凝土遭受腐蚀原因的分析，提出了相应的防护措施。     

Boosting Piezo-Catalytic Activity of KNN-Based Materials with Phase Boundary and Defect Engineering

Although the piezo-catalysis is promising for the environmental remediation and biomedicine, the piezo-catalytic properties of various piezoelectric materials are limited by low carrier concentrations and mobility, and rapid electron-hole pair recombination, and reported regulating strategies are quite complex and difficult. Herein, a new and simple strategy, integrating phase boundary engineering and defect engineering, to boost the piezo-catalytic activity of potassium sodium niobate ((K, Na)NbO₃, KNN) based materials is innovatively proposed. Tur strategy is validated by exampling 0.96(K_0.48Na_0.52)Nb_0.955Sb_0.045O₃-0.04(Bi_xNa_4-3x)_0.5ZrO₃-0.3%Fe₂O₃ material having phase boundary engineering and conducted the defect engineering via the high-energy sand-grinding. A high reaction rate constant k of 92.49 × 10⁻³ min⁻¹ in the sand-grinding sample is obtained, which is 2.40 times than that of non-sand-grinding one and superior to those of other representative lead-free perovskite piezoelectric materials. Meanwhile, the sand-grinding sample has remarkable bactericidal properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Superior piezo-catalytic activities originate from the enhanced electron-hole pair separation and the increased carrier concentration. This study provides a novel method for improving the piezo-catalytic activities of lead-free piezoelectric materials and holds great promise for harnessing natural energy and disease treatment.     

A Dilute Fluorinated Phosphate Electrolyte Enables 4.9 V-Class Potassium Ion Full Batteries

Potassium ion batteries using graphite anode and high-voltage cathodes are considered to be optimizing candidates for large-scale energy storage. However, the lack of suitable electrolytes significantly hinders the development of high-voltage potassium ion batteries. Herein, a dilute (0.8 m ) fluorinated phosphate electrolyte is proposed, which exhibits extraordinary compatibility with both graphite anode and high-voltage cathodes. The phosphate solvent, tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphate (TFP), has weak solvating ability, which not only allows the formation of robust anion-derived solid electrolyte interphase on graphite anode but also effectively suppresses the corrosion of Al current collector at high voltage. Meanwhile, the high oxidative stability of fluorinated TFP solvent enables stable ultrahigh-voltage (4.95 V) cycling of a potassium vanadium fluorophosphate (KVPO₄F) cathode. Using TFP-based electrolyte, the 4.9 V-class potassium ion full cell based on graphite anode and KVPO₄F cathode shows rather remarkable cycling performance with a high capacity retention of 87.2% after 200 cycles. This study provides a route to develop dilute electrolytes for high-voltage potassium ion batteries, by utilizing solvents with both weak solvating ability and high oxidative stability.     

Multifunctional Organic Potassium Salt Additives as the Efficient Defect Passivator for High-Efficiency and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Despite the rapid developments are achieved for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the existence of various defects in the devices still limits the further enhancement of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and the long-term stability of devices. Herein, the efficient organic potassium salt (OPS) of para-halogenated phenyl trifluoroborates is presented as the precursor additives to improve the performance of PSCs. Studies have shown that the 4-chlorophenyltrifluoroborate potassium salt (4-ClPTFBK) exhibits the most effective interaction with the perovskite lattice. Strong coordination between  BF₃⁻/halogen in anion and uncoordinated Pb²⁺/halide vacancies, along with the hydrogen bond between F in  BF₃⁻ and H in FA⁺ are observed. Thus, due to the synergistic contribution of the potassium and anionic groups, the high-quality perovskite film with large grain size and low defect density is achieved. As a result, the optimal devices show an enhanced efficiency of 24.50%, much higher than that of the control device (22.63%). Furthermore, the unencapsulated devices present remarkable thermal and long-term stability, maintaining 86% of the initial PCE after thermal test at 80 °C for 1000 h and 95% after storage in the air for 2460 h.     

硫酸盐干湿循环下带冷缝混凝土能量演化研究北大核心CSCD

为探究硫酸盐干湿循环作用下带冷缝混凝土受荷作用时的能量演化规律,制作了整浇和浇筑间隔0.25 d、0.5 d、1 d、7 d和28 d的带冷缝混凝土,基于单轴压缩实验及能量计算原理,研究了硫酸盐干湿循环对带冷缝混凝土强度和能量演化规律的影响。结果表明:带冷缝混凝土强度及损伤应力和峰值应力处弹性应变能与耗散能均随干湿循环呈先增大后减小的趋势,随着新混凝土与母体浇筑间隔的增加呈现减小的趋势;随着干湿循环次数的增加,损伤应力处储能水平Kad先减小后增加,说明损伤应力处储能水平越高,带冷缝混凝土越容易产生损伤,Kad可以作为混凝土破坏的预警指标。     

钡盐产品的研究开发和展望

介绍了国内外主要钡盐产品的研究开发现状和生产状况 ,并且阐述了主要的钡盐产品的应用前景和市场动态趋势     

新疆罗布泊硝酸盐矿开发利用研究及技术进展

新疆罗布泊硝酸盐矿可分为天然硝酸钠矿和天然硝酸钾矿2种,其中后者包括固体矿和晶间卤水。介绍了利用该地硝酸盐矿生产硝酸钠、硝酸钾的基础理论研究进展及生产技术进展,指出了工艺改进的方向以及需要进行的理论研究工作。     

山梨酸废水的生化处理

山梨酸生产废水有机浓度高、可生化性好、含盐量高。废水中CODCr为8000-16500mg/L，B/C≥0.5，含盐量≥15g/L。本工程通过淹没式厌氧生物滤池和膜分离活性污泥法处理，CODCr总去除率高达93%-99%，出水CODCr≤300mg/L，达到GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》行业二级排放标准，顺利通过当地环保部门的验收。