Construction of a control system for disturbance rejection using a dual observer

A well‐known control system which can reduce the adverse effects of disturbances is a disturbance observer. However, in many cases of mechanical systems, system disturbances which do not satisfy the matching condition may be imposed. Therefore, it may be difficult to reduce the adverse effects of the disturbances by the traditional disturbance observer. In this paper, a method of control system synthesis for disturbance rejection using a dual observer is proposed. This method is based on the zeroing induced by the disturbance localization problem. This problem may be solved by dividing the state space into observable subspace and unobservable subspace. As compared with an H_∞ controller based on perfect observation, the usefulness of the proposed control system for disturbance rejection is demonstrated by numerical simulations for a two‐mass spring system. © 2002 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 138(4): 50–60, 2002; DOI 10.1002/eej.1138     

注聚井注入状况诊断方法研究

在室内试验和动态分析的基础上，对引起注聚井注入困难的原因进行了分析，提出了利用单井动态预测结果和实际注入动态曲线对比判断聚合物注入状况的方法，建立了预测注聚井注入动态的预测模型，并对数值模拟计算结果进行了分析。同时还评价了现场应用效果。通过数值模拟和实际注入动态曲线对比，可以初步判断待措施井有无近井地带堵塞，为提高注聚井压解堵措施的有效性奠定了基础。     

Transient Green’s Tensor for a Layered Solid Half-Space With Different Interface Conditions

Pulsed ultrasonic techniques can be and have been used to examine the interface conditions of a bonded structure. To provide a theoretical basis for such testing techniques we model the structure as a layer on top of a half-space, both of different elastic properties, with various interface bonding conditions. The exact dynamic Green’s tensor for such a structure is explicitly derived from the three-dimensional equations of motion. The final solution is a series. Each term of the series corresponds to a successive arrival of a “generalized ray” and each is a definite line integral along a fixed path which can be easily computed numerically. Willis’ method is used in the derivation. A new scheme of automatic generation of the arrivals and ray paths using combinatorial analysis, along with the summation of the corresponding products of reflection coefficients is presented. A FORTRAN code is developed for computation of the Green’s tensor when both the source and the detector are located on the top surface. The Green’s tensor is then used to simulate displacements due to pulsed ultrasonic point sources of known time waveform. Results show that the interface bonding conditions have a great influence on the transient displacements. For example, when the interface bonding conditions vary, some of the first few head waves and regular reflected rays change polarities and amplitudes. This phenomenon can be used to infer the quality of the interface bond of materials in ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation. In addition the results are useful in the study of acoustic microscopy probes, coatings, and geo-exploration.     

模拟电路的模块级故障诊断

本文以多端口元件或子网络为基本单元，提出了一种模块级故障诊断方案，这种方案的故障模型更符合电路的实际情况，因而具有更广泛的实际意义，文中首先推导了模块故障诊断议程，并对模块故障可测性问题进行了一般性讨论。然后，给出了模块故障可测的几个拓扑条件，并通过定义广义独立通路使这些拓扑条件适用于一般的非互易网络。     

康山金矿地质地球化学特征及其成因

康山金矿产在豫西熊耳山古隆起区的结晶基底太华群和盖层中元古界熊耳群地层接触界面附近，矿体严格受构造破碎蚀变带控制。流体包裹体，稳定同位素等研究表明，成矿物质来自太华群变质岩，成矿流体的性质与变质热液截然不同，而与花岗岩浆热液相近似。该矿床的形成与燕山期发生的同构造－花岗岩浆期热液活动有关，金沉淀成矿阶段有大气水的混入。     

阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂的开发与应用

阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺具有许多优点，极具开发研究价值，是重要的高分子絮凝剂。介绍了阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂的制备方法，应用及其絮凝作用机理，并分析了其发展方向。     

准噶尔盆地加快天然气勘探有利条件及预探领域分析

准噶尔盆地天然气资源十分丰富,勘探潜力巨大。该盆地具备形成大气区的地质背景,发育石炭系、二叠系、侏罗系三套气源岩,演化程度高,气源条件充足;发育多类型、多套储集体和四套区域盖层,形成了有利的储盖组合及成藏配置。通过对五彩湾、滴西、莫索湾、莫北地区典型气藏的分析研究,该盆地发育多种气藏类型,包括构造型、古潜山型、火山岩内幕型及地层(不整合遮挡)型。通过研究指出,天然气勘探的现实领域有陆东—五彩湾地区、陆西—莫北—莫索湾地区;待突破的领域有腹部下组合大型古隆起及岩性气藏、南缘冲断带;正在准备的勘探领域主要为煤层气。     

频域吸收边界条件的构造理论

在频域中推导了适用于差分类数值方法的吸收边界条件的构造方法，并通过选取不同参数导出了几种现有的吸收边界条件。在计算了一般形式的吸收边界条件的反射系数之后，提出了一种简单实用的自适应吸收边界条件。     

以技术进步促进蒸汽能源的节约

本文运用“软科学”一即通过建立数学模型，进行系统分析和系统优化，阐述对蒸汽管网优化运行的方法及原理，达到提高供热效率及节能降耗的目的．     

Preparation of flat-polished specimens for SEM-backscattered electron imaging and X-ray microanalysis—importance of epoxy impregnation

Representative and quantitative microstructural information of cement-based materials can be obtained in the backscattered electron and X-ray modes of the scanning electron microscope (SEM). One prerequisite, of several, is to use flat specimens. Microstructures that are minimally affected by the grinding and polishing necessary to produce the flat surface can be obtained. It is essential to fill the pores of the specimen with epoxy resin prior to grinding and polishing. After hardening, the epoxy stabilizes the microstructure and enables it to withstand the stresses of grinding and polishing without alteration. In the present paper, we describe a preparation technique that we consider to have produced excellent polished specimens. The importance of epoxy impregnation is demonstrated.