Contribution of various substrates to total citric acid cycle flux and ]anaplerosis as determined by13C isotopomer analysis and O2 consumption in the heart

A simple relationship between parameters derived from a¹³C NMR isotopomer analysis and O₂ consumption is presented that allows measurement of the absolute rate of acetyl-CoA oxidation and anaplerotic flux in tissues oxidizing a mixture of four substrates. The method was first applied in a study of the effects of work state and -adrenergic stimulation on net acetate oxidation and anaplerosis in the isolated working rat heart. The results demonstrate that the anticipated ratio of 2 between O₂ consumption and TCA cycle flux for hearts oxidizing only acetate holds at low workload when anaplerosis is low, but deviates toward a factor of 3 under high workload conditions when anaplerosis is increased. This analysis was also extended to hearts that oxidize a more physiological mixture of substrates including long-chain fatty acids, acetoacetate, lactate, pyruvate, and glucose. We show that the contribution each substrate makes to total TCA cycle flux can be determined by combined¹³C NMR and O₂ consumption measurements. The present study also demonstrates that stimulation of anaplerosis (by addition of propionate) can significantly alter the relative contribution each substrate makes to total TCA cycle flux. We conclude that if¹³C labeling patterns are selected appropriately, a comprehensive picture of flux through all major metabolic pathways feeding the cycle can be determined in a single experiment even when complex physiological mixtures of substrates are provided.     

Facial hexahedral mesh transferring by volumetric mapping based on harmonic fields

Hexahedral mesh has obvious mechanical advantages over tetrahedral mesh, but it is no trivial task to generate hexahedral mesh for complex object shapes such as individual faces. This paper presents a novel method to generate patient-specific hexahedral meshes of facial soft tissue models, based on a volumetric cross-parameterization mapping from a standard hexahedral mesh to the individual model. The volumetric parameterization is constructed based on triple of the volumetric harmonic fields, which are adapted to be as close to mutually orthogonal as possible, to achieve some quasi-conformal effect. In addition, some piecewise constraints on the harmonic fields are added to ensure anatomical feature correspondence. Experimental results show that our approach works efficiently for facial soft tissue modeling, avoids element flipping and preserves mesh element angles to a significant extent.     

葡萄贮藏中SO2伤害与活性氧代谢的关系

以耐SO2品种巨峰和不耐SO2品种红地球葡萄为材料,研究了葡萄贮藏中SO2伤害与活性氧代谢的关系,结果表明,SO2伤害葡萄体内活性氧水平,GSH含理和ASP活性增加,SOD和CAT活性降低,与红地球相比,巨峰具有较高的SOD活性和GSH水平,受SO2伤害后,巨峰的ASP活性上升幅度大于红地球,其SOD活性和CAT活性的下降幅度低于红地球。     

心脏补片的生物力学研究评述

细胞移植是心肌组织工程中治疗心肌梗死的一种潜在的治疗方法.心脏补片不仅是种子细胞的载体,还可抑制心脏的膨胀扩张,以促进种子细胞对梗死心肌组织的修复再生.心脏补片的研制已经成为基础与临床医学、材料科学和生物力学等的交叉热点.本文评述了心脏补片的生物力学研究现状,并就本领域今后值得关注的问题进行展望.     

基于PLC的湿法毡卷绕控制系统的设计

湿法毡生产线原有的卷绕控制系经过多年的运行,经常出现一些不正常的控制故障且系统的维护任务繁重.本文采用以西门子SIMATIC S7-300 PLC可编程序控制器为核心,以触摸屏为人机界面设计出新的卷绕控制系统替代原来的S5控制系统,实现系统的升级改造.根据工艺要求利用变频器实现了实时完成卷径自动计算的变张力转矩控制模式,解决了原卷绕控制系统存在的卷不紧、卷不齐等问题,提高了卷绕的自动化水平,保证了卷绕系统的可靠性和稳定性,增强了系统的可操作性.     

Ca2+对悬浮培养HEK293细胞的细胞团形成、细胞生长和代谢的影响

利用HEK293细胞在悬浮培养中具有聚集成团的体外培养特性,在250ml的Bellco的搅拌培养体系中,以细胞团粒径、细胞粒径、细胞数、细胞活力、葡萄糖比消耗速率 (qglc)、乳酸比生产速率 (qlac) 和乳酸对葡萄糖得率 (Ylac/glc) 为观察指标,考察了HEK293细胞在Ca2 浓度设置为0μmol/L、250μmol/L、500μmol/L、750μmol/L和1000μmol/L的搅拌培养体系中的细胞团形成、细胞生长和代谢.实验发现:培养基中的Ca2 浓度决定着HEK293细胞在悬浮培养中能否形成细胞团并影响着细胞团的粒径分布和细胞团内细胞相互连接的紧密程度;在250～1000μmol/L的Ca2 浓度范围内,HEK293细胞团的平均粒径与培养基中的Ca2 浓度成正比;Ca2 浓度对以细胞团的形式悬浮培养的HEK293细胞的生长和代谢无明显的影响.实验结果提示,Ca2 浓度是调节HEK293细胞团粒径分布、维持悬浮细胞团中HEK293细胞正常生长和代谢的有效控制参数.     

Influence of Heating on the Structure of Hyaluronan

1Introduction Hyaluronan(HA)isakindofpolysaccharideofa highmoleculeweightcommonlyexistingintheextra cel lularmatrix(ECM)ofthevertebrate.Recentlymuchre searchhasbeendoneonapplyinghyaluronantothescaf foldintissueengineering[14].Preliminaryresultsofheat degradationhavebeenreportedforHA[5],howeverthe selectingofheatingtemperatureseemsabitrandom.In thisarticle,theauthorselectedtheheatingtemperature fromtheDTAcurve.Sincehyaluronaniscommonlyused underanimalheat(36.5℃40℃),thisstudydoesnot havec…     

手术仿真中基于质点-弹簧模型的人体组织变形仿真

采用质点一弹簧建模方法提出了人体软组织面模型和体模型系统、程式化的计算模型建立方法。将连续的软组织离散为由弹簧偶尼器及与其连接的质点构成的离散系统，用邻接表来表示离散系统的拓扑结构，即弹簧一质点间的邻接关系，依据该信息，可自动建立方程并计算与每个质点连接的弹簧、阻尼器对质点的粘弹性力的贡献，然后采用4阶Runge-Kutta方法对得到的微分方程组进行数值积分。通过小肠模型(面模型)和规则块状软组织模型(体模型)2个实例介绍了采用所提出的方法实施软组织变形仿真的过程。     

快速有效的半自动组织分割技术

针对医学可视化和虚拟内窥镜技术中的组织分割问题，提出边界模型和局部特征结构相结合的半自动解决方法，通过给定的特定体素点，结合边界模型找出特定组织的内部、外部体素，对边界体素计算汉森矩阵的特征值并按其特征结构进行分割．该方法只需要计算边界体素汉森矩阵的特征值，能够快速、有效地实现单一组织的分割．     

东北红豆杉组织培养的研究

以东北红豆杉（Ｔａｘｕｓｃｕｓｐｉｄａｔａ）的不同外植体进行愈伤组织诱导、继代和再分化培养，结果发现在ＭＳ培养基上，幼叶的出愈率最高，达７８３％，在Ｂ５培养基上，幼基的出愈率最高，达７６０％。诱导愈伤组织最适２，４－Ｄ浓度为２－３ｍｇ·Ｌ－１。经抗氧化剂处理，愈伤组织在改良ＭＳ培养基上经多次继代培养，褐化现象减轻或消失，生长速率最高可达００９０ｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１（鲜重）。在分化培养基上，由愈伤组织诱导出绿芽点。