斜轧磷铜球轧制力研究

为提高磷铜球单机生产率,获取磷铜球轧制的力能参数,为轧机设计提供依据,进行了磷铜球双头孔型设计及单双头轧制实验.实验中对不同转速下单双头斜轧磷铜球轧制压力进行了测试,将测得的结果进行分析,得出双头斜轧φ19 mm磷铜球的轧制力比单头斜轧φ28 mm小.实验采用计算机测试技术,取得了比较满意的实验结果.     

零脉冲高分辨率磁编码器的研制

编码器在许多应用场合要求每旋转1个周期给出1个零脉冲信号.要满足这一使用要求,在前期增量型高分辨率磁编码器的研究基础上,对具有零脉冲信号输出的磁编码器的结构设计、信号触发磁鼓的试制、磁敏电阻敏感元件制备、电子信号处理的研制过程进行讨论.     

一种直接检测雷达脉冲积累新方法

本文提出一种可用于直接检测雷达的步进时间间隔脉冲串实现脉冲积累的新方法.在接收机端,包络检波信号通过一种修改的互相关算法进行处理,彻底消除所有伪相关峰,从而获得完美距离旁瓣特性.这种完美特性在理论上进行了证明,并给出了具体实现结构.仿真结果表明了新方法的正确性和显示出其良好的相关性能.此外,新方法易于实现且与传统直接检测雷达兼容,能够应用在不需要多普勒信息或很难提供相干性的雷达中,如短脉冲激光雷达和超宽带冲激雷达.该方法也适用于常规非相干雷达的升级.     

Columnar to Equiaxed Transition During Solidification of Small Ingot by Using Electric Current Pulse

A new approach to applying the electric current pulse (ECP)with parallel electrodes to the promotion of the transition from columnar crystal to equiaxed crystal and the improvement of macrosegregation was introduced. The ECP was applied to different stages of the solidification. The results showed that the application of the ECP in both the initial stage (the thickness of solidified shell reached 2 mm approximately)and the late stage (the thickness of solidified shell reached 14 mm approximately)of solidification can promote the columnar to equiaxed transition (CET). The analysis showed that during solidification, a large number of nuclei around the upper surface fell off due to ECP, which subsequently showered on the melt and impinged the growth front of the columnar crystal. There-fore, the CET occurred. In addition, this method was also employed to influence the solidification process of bearing steel, and the results showed that the structure was changed from columnar crystal to equiaxed crystal, indicating that ECP can enhance the homogeneity of structure and composition of bearing steel.     

T10钢的脉冲爆炸-等离子体表面改性

为了提高T10钢的耐磨性和表面硬度,通过脉冲爆炸-等离子体(PDP)对T10钢进行表面改性,使用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)分析PDP处理前后T10钢的组织形貌,使用X射线衍射仪分析PDP处理后的试样的结构变化,使用显微维氏硬度计检测试样PDP处理前后的显微硬度,使用磨损试验机检测PDP处理前后的耐磨性能,使用电化学工作站检测试样PDP处理前后的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明:PDP处理T10钢后,在材料表层形成了外层为柱状区、内层为组织细化区双层结构的改性层,厚度约为70.71μm,显微硬度约为PDP处理前的2倍,磨损质量损失较基体减少,磨痕宽度明显减小; PDP处理前后T10钢自腐蚀电位无明显变化; PDP处理过程中试样快速加热、快速冷却且空气中N₂参与,使改性层有残余奥氏体出现,并生成新相Fe₃N,从而提高了T10钢的硬度和耐磨性; PDP前后试样耐蚀性变化不大。     

Characterization Challenges of Self-Assembled Polymer-SPIONs Nanoparticles: Benefits of Orthogonal Methods

Size and zeta potential are critical physicochemical properties of nanoparticles (NPs), influencing their biological activity and safety profile. These are essential for further industrial upscale and clinical success. However, the characterization of polydisperse, non-spherical NPs is a challenge for traditional characterization techniques (ex., dynamic light scattering (DLS)). In this paper, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were coated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL) exhibiting different terminal groups at their surface, either hydroxyl (OH), carboxyl (COOH) or amino (NH₂) end groups. Size, zeta potential and concentration were characterized by orthogonal methods, namely, batch DLS, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4) coupled to multi-angle light scattering (MALS), UV–Visible and online DLS. Finally, coated SPIONs were incubated with albumin, and size changes were monitored by AF4-MALS-UV-DLS. NTA showed the biggest mean sizes, even though DLS PVAL-COOH SPION graphs presented aggregates in the micrometer range. TRPS detected more NPs in suspension than NTA. Finally, AF4-MALS-UV-DLS could successfully resolve the different sizes of the coated SPION suspensions. The results highlight the importance of combining techniques with different principles for NPs characterization. The advantages and limitations of each method are discussed here.     

酸铜染料型光亮剂的优缺点

目前光亮硫酸盐镀铜生产中,国产的MN型光亮剂与进口复配的染料型光亮剂并行使用,这2种类型光亮剂各有优缺点。染料型光亮剂能在宽电流密度范围内获得均匀的光亮整平镀层外观,更适用于复杂件电镀,镀液调整较为简单。由于染料的盐析与聚沉,镀层易起麻砂。MN型光亮剂在高中电流密度区光亮整平性优于染料型,而且允许液温较低。笔者正在开发的一种染料型光亮剂,多项性能均有所提高,操作液温上下限拓宽至9~35°C,达到全镜面光亮。     

Ⅰ型NPC式三电平变流器的SVPWM算法研究

在中高电压、大容量变流领域,三电平变流器以输出功率大、器件电压应力低等特点逐渐进入了实用阶段。但由于此类变流器中功率器件数量较多,采取传统三电平空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)算法运算量庞大,算法实现困难,对硬件资源要求高。为此针对传统三电平变流器算法进行了改进,大大简化了算法描述。在控制器数字实现过程中,不仅节省了数字处理器的硬件资源,且明显提高了算法的可靠性。相关的模拟实验结果充分证明了所设计算法的可行性和优越性,为后续的研究工作奠定了基础。     

电脉冲处理时间及冷却方式对1Cr18Ni9Ti钢氮碳共渗的影响

用金相显微镜、显微硬度计研究了电脉冲处理时间及冷却方式对1Cr18Ni9Ti钢固体氮碳共渗的影响。结果表明,在550℃保温1 h后进行连续脉冲6 h处理所得的渗层厚度为150μm,但表面产生裂纹甚至剥落。每小时脉冲处理15 min,随炉冷却可得到渗层较深,且渗氮层表面齐整,渗层厚度大于普通工艺中的渗氮层厚度。