~(14)C标记利多卡因(二乙基甘氨酰二甲苯胺)的合成

14 C -利多卡因由14 C -二乙胺和ω -氯乙酰 - 2 ,6 -二甲基苯胺缩合制得 ,而14 C -二乙胺由Ba14 CO3 途径K14 CN和CH3 14 CN氢化而制得。14 C -二乙胺和14 C -利多卡因各自用HPLC和TLC检定放化纯度 >99%。它为研究肝储备功能动物呼气试验提供了有力的手段。     

多组分液相吸附各组分吸附量的计算方法

吸附量是吸附平衡实验的基本数据之一。对于液相吸附难于直接区分表面润湿量与吸附量，故都采用间接法。尤其当实验中液相总量较少时，用作分析的取样量显著影响其准确性，对于这种情况下多元液相吸附量计算方法也少见。本文提出了一种考虑取样影响、加入惰性组分的较完善的方法以用于基本数据的处理。     

Transformation behaviour with thermal cycling in NiTi alloys

The transformation behaviour of NiTi alloys were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry in order to reveal the effects of thermal cycles with the repetition of the transformation. The thermal cycles tend to lower the transformation temperature between the high and low temperature phases and to stabilize the intermediate phase during cooling to result in a two-stage transformation, while the reverse transformation during heating remains a one-stage transformation. Because these effects of the thermal cycles depend on the composition and the deformation, it is thought that defects play an intrinsic role in the complicated behaviour of NiTi alloys.     

Titanium phosphate surfactants intercalation compounds: Thermal and structural characterization

Titanium phosphate containing long chain surfactants can be synthesized either by batch using the inorganic ion-exchanger γ-titanium phosphate and surfactant solutions or via sol-gel by direct intercalation. The resulting content of the surfactants after being exchanged depends on the length of the chain and is greater in the case of the material obtained by direct intercalation. All of the material obtained has a layered structure and an increased interlayer distance. The longer the chain is the greater the increase in distance. The layered structure is maintained up to 300 °C. The pyrophosphate formation occurs at 900 °C in the case of material by direct intercalation, whereas in the case of batch material it occurs at a higher temperature. The surfactant loss occurs in three or more distinct stages. As far as the batch material is concerned the last loss occurs at a high temperature of ∼800 °C. Thermal treatment is carried out in air or nitrogen atmosphere for the better characterization of the processes.     

Identification of phenolic compounds in edible aroids

The objective of these experiments was to study the phenolic compounds present in the cormels of the edible aroids, Colocasia spp and Xanthosoma spp. This investigation shows the existence of a range of phenolic compounds which includes gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, ( + )-catechin, ( ? )-epicatechin and ( ? )-epigallocatechin and the possible presence of proanthocyanidins and jlavonols. Aqueous acetone extracts were examined by thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography for their phenolic constituents.     

Effect of rare earth element addition on the microstructure of Sn-Ag-Cu solder joint

The effects of minimal rare earth (RE) element additions on the microstructure of Sn-Ag-Cu solder joint, especially the intermetallic compounds (IMCs), were investigated. The range of RE content in Sn-Ag-Cu alloys varied from 0 wt.% to 0.25 wt.%. Experimental results showed that IMCs could be dramatically repressed with the appropriate addition of RE, resulting in a fine microstructure. However, there existed an effective range for the RE addition. The best RE content was found to be 0.1 wt.% in the current study. In addition to the typical morphology of Ag₃Sn and Cu₆Sn₅ IMCs, other types of IMCs that have irregular morphology and uncertain constituents were also observed. The IMCs with large plate shape mainly contained Ag and Sn, but the content of Ag was much lower than that of Ag₃Sn. The cross sections of Cu₆Sn₅ IMCs whiskers showed various morphologies. Furthermore, some eutectic-like structures, including lamellar-, rod-, and needle-like phases, were observed. The morphology of eutectic-like structure was related to the RE content in solder alloys. When the content of RE is 0.1 wt.%, the needle-like phase was dominant, while the lamellar structure prevailed when the RE content was 0.05 wt.% or 0.25 wt.%. It is suggested that the morphology change of the eutectic-like structure directly affects the creep properties of the solder joint.     

The Rhine rift valley ground water—river interactions: Evolution of their susceptibility to pollution

The exchange processes between the Rhine river and the alluvial aquifer were analysed in the upper part of the rift valley (upstream of Strasbourg). Hydraulic works, and the consequent suppression of flooding, along the Alsace Rhine floodplain greatly modified these processes. The transfer of persistent toxic micropollutants (organochlorine compounds, mercury), and non-persistent pollutants (organophosphorous compounds: Sandoz spill) from the Rhine to the groundwater-fed streams was exhibited by pollutant bioaccumulation in fish (particularly in the eel) and eutrophication of these streams near the canalized river. Comparison of the hydrological functioning of the two main river floodplains (the Rhine and its tributary, the Ill in the Alsace Rhine plain) shows two completely different exchange processes: in the case of the canalized Rhine, the groundwater is affected by direct transfer of pollutants through the channel bed. In the other case, that of the river Ill, where the floodplain is still widely flooded each year, the self-purification of the floodwaters transferred to the groundwater is very effective: the soil-root system of alluvial forest and meadow apparently having a high purification capacity.     

Investigation of fast-ionic transport in the ternary system (Cu1−xAgxI)-(Ag2O)-(V2O5), (0.05≤x≤0.25)

The occurrence of fast-ionic conduction in the ternary system 40(Cu_1−xAg_xI)-40(Ag₂O)-20(V₂O₅), (0.05≤x≤0.25) has been described. The formation of composite solid electrolyte materials comprising glassy and crystalline phases has been identified by means of X-ray diffraction analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies have confirmed the presence of VO₄³⁻ and V₂O₇⁴⁻ groups in these new materials. Detailed thermal characterization of these materials carried out by differential scanning calorimetry has indicated the transition temperature of one of the reaction products viz., AgI. From the conductivity measurements carried out using the complex impedance analysis, the values of room temperature electrical conductivity (σ_RT) and activation energy for ionic migration in these materials are found to be of the order of 10⁻² to 10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹ and 0.22-0.35 eV, respectively. The ionic transport number (t_i) measurements made using Wagner’s polarization method and evaluation of silver ionic transport number (t_Ag⁺) by galvanic cell method have been used to estimate the extent of contribution of ionic conductivity especially due to silver ionic transport to the total conductivity observed in these materials.     

Reaction of π-Ti2O(PO4)2·2H2O with molten alkali nitrates: Synthesis of the fibrous materials π-M0.5H0.5TiOPO4 (M = Na, K)

Powder X-ray diffraction data for π-Ti₂O(PO₄)₂·2H₂O (π-TiP) is indexed in a monoclinic cell [a=5.067(4), b=10.898(3), c=14.533(8) Å, β=96.0(1)°]. Structural correlations with other titanium phosphates are discussed. The reaction of π-TiP with molten MNO₃ (M=Na, K) originates new metal phases with a KTP-type formula, π-M_0.5H_0.5TiOPO₄. These compounds maintain the fibrous morphology of their precursor. The reactions are monitored by thermogravimetric analysis. Thermal decomposition of the novel compounds is described.