Groundwater Rebound in the Leicestershire Coalfield

The Leicestershire coalfield has been mined for at least eight hundred years, the last deep mine closing in 1991. The earliest shallow mines on the exposed coalfield are not recorded on plan, but were later connected to the deeper workings in many seams. In order to protect the last deep mines, pumping was maintained from the abandoned mines to the north.
Water-table rebound was observed prior to closure, and is now affecting the surface. Increased emissions of poor-quality water into low-discharge surface water-courses are predicted. Renewed subsidence has implications for roads, services and property. Rising water levels will affect old opencast excavations and waste disposal sites.
Fieldwork and abandoned mine plan inspections have demonstrated renewed subsidence and evidence of increased emissions in those low-lying areas of the exposed coalfield which are believed to be most at risk.     

补偿基础沉降机理分析

补偿基础的应用逐渐广泛,但是在具体的应用过程中常常会出现补偿基础出现较大沉降的现象,甚至全补偿、超补偿基础也不例外。对此,本文分析后认为这可能与目前普遍采用的施工方法有关。目前为了施工方便而将基底回弹土体一并开挖从而使坑底土体的性状发生较大的改变,并最终导致上述现象的发生。另外,在以上分析的基础上,本文介绍了一种常用于水闸基础的“锅底形”底板并以此来解决上述问题。     

超载预压地基卸载后吸水固结及回弹变形的研究

基于软土的一系列基本假设，推导了饱和土地基卸载后吸水固结的基本方程，并给出了单级等速卸载条件下方程的解析解；分析了超载卸除后地基的回弹变形机理，并据此提出吸水回弹变形计算方法。最后结合工程实例，分析了超载预压地基卸载后吸水固结区负超静孔压的产生及消散过程，以及回弹变形的发展规律，解释了超载卸除后地基回弹变形小、稳定快的现象，对指导软土地基超载预压设计施工具有一定的现实意义。     

简式液阻减震器的阻力特性及发展状况

本文介绍了目前使用在车辆上的各种不同形式结构的减震器,分析了橡胶减振器、金属弹簧减振器、电流变液和磁流变液减振器、气体控制阻尼可调减振器、干摩擦式阻尼可调减振器等的架构特点、工作原理、适用场合及其优缺点.给出了双筒液压减震器的复原阻力与压缩阻力的计算方法,为液阻减震器的设计制造提供了方便的理论基础.最后分析了我国筒式液阻减震器技术的发展状况及问题,展望了减震器技术的前景.     

冲击波负压对防护门反弹效应的影响分析

本文对冲击波负压作用下防护门的反弹效应进行了研究,采用合理的荷载假定形式,推导了考虑负压影响的防护门反弹力的精确解析公式,评价了负压对防护门反弹效应的影响规律：即随着比例爆距的增大,负压峰值相对于正压峰值逐渐增大,反弹增大效应也较明显,但这样一个响应可能仅对比较小的超压值才出现,由于正压、负压峰值都较小,防护门刚度较大,故增大的反弹力不足以对防护门造成破坏,设计中可以不考虑负压的影响。     

汽车转向节臂端部冷精整工艺优化

目的 得到单向压缩冷精整的精整量与预变形孔半径和深度之间的变化规律,以及摩擦因数大小同回弹量之间的关系。方法 对转向节臂端部锻件上下表面进行预变形凹槽孔处理,并建立锻件单向压缩冷精整的弹塑性有限元模型,利用ABAQUS有限元软件进行数值模拟仿真,分析摩擦因数对表面质量的影响,得到优化后的工艺参数,并进行实验验证模拟结果的准确性。结果 摩擦因数越大,冷精整后的转向节臂端部锻件的鼓形越明显。在精整量为1 mm的情况下,当预变形凹槽孔的半径为4 mm、深度为0.3 mm、单向压缩量为1.1 mm、摩擦因数为0.2时,能够得到最好的表面质量。结论 当摩擦因数相同时,预变形凹槽孔的半径越大,径向位移越小,而回弹量基本保持不变。     

矿物掺合料混凝土早龄期回弹法测强曲线的试验研究

本文系统研究了强度等级、矿物掺合料种类(粉煤灰和矿渣)及掺量(10％,30％)对高性能泵送混凝土回弹测强曲线的影响规律.结果表明:混凝土回弹值随强度等级的增加而增大;随粉煤灰(FA)和矿渣(SL)掺量的增加而减小,掺加10％ FA、30％ FA、10％SL、30％ SL混凝土在60 d龄期时其回弹值分别降低了5.1％、18.5％、7.8％、13.2％.建立了高性能混凝土抗压强度与回弹值的定量关系,其中矿渣对回弹曲线误差较小,当矿渣掺量小于30％时均满足建立的测强回弹曲线方程;粉煤灰对回弹曲线误差较大,建立了专门的粉煤灰混凝土回弹测强曲线方程.这对控制工程质量、防范工程事故、准确评价工程的质量具有重要的现实意义和工程实用价值.     

超声回弹综合法在隧道衬砌强度检测中的应用

在分析了超声回弹综合法测试公路隧道衬砌强度的局限性后,文章提出了应按围岩等级划分隧道衬砌类别,对不同类别的衬砌分别进行强度推定的原则.并提出了应对衬砌声速进行应力修正、考虑龄期和养护环境等因素的新的超声回弹综合测强公式,按该公式推定的抗压强度与芯样试验结果吻合较好.     

Influence of tectonic uplift-erosion on formation pressure

The formation of abnormally low-pressure hydrocarbon reservoirs in petroliferous basins has a close relationship with tectonic uplift and the consequent erosion. In order to understand abnormally low-pressure reservoirs and to provide a scientific basis for exploration and development, we established, through numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, a set of equations for the formation pressure in a closed system influenced by uplift-erosion, discussed the relationship between the genesis of abnormal pressure and uplift-erosion, and put forward the concept of balance pressure (P _b). The results showed that abnormally high pressure coefficient may form when the current formation pressure was higher than P _b, and abnormally low pressure may form when the current formation pressure was lower than P _b. In the Santanghu Basin, the current formation pressure of abnormally low pressure reservoirs is lower than P _b, so tectonic uplift-erosion leads to the decrease of the pressure coefficient. There is a positive correlation between the pressure drop caused by the decrease of fluid temperature and the rebound of rock porosity and strata erosion. Calculation results indicated that the reservoir pressure of Jurassic strata in the Santanghu Basin was decreased by 11.6–17.1 MPa due to tectonic uplift-erosion during the Late Yanshanian period.     

PA端子板弯曲冲裁级进模的维修与改进

针对PA端子板弯曲冲裁级进模在使用过程中遇到的废料翻料和弯曲回弹等问题,对模具的结构进行了分析和合理改进,实现对翻料做到可防,对回弹做到可调可控,同时在新模具制造时,优化了模具材料的选用,在提高模具使用寿命、延长模具维修周期、提高生产效率、稳定制件质量方面进行有效探讨,对类似精密模具相应问题的解决有参考价值。