Process conditions affect pigment quality and yield in extracts of purple sunflower hulls

Extract of purple sunflower hulls is a potential red food colorant; however, suitable process conditions must still be identified. Selected process variables were studied using bench-scale units to prepare, clarify, concentrate and spray dry extracts. Concentration by evaporation at 32°C and addition of maltodextrin to 15% (wt/dry wt) prior to drying largely eliminated pigment degradation during those steps. Relative to water extracts, extracts prepared with 5 to 15% ethanol in water generally yielded more pigment with similar levels of degradation and loss during subsequent processing. Use of 5% ethanol/2% citric acid reduced yield by about half relative to water, but gave a powder with a lower degradation index and wetting time. Percentage recovery of pigment during concentration and drying was not greatly affected by solvent type or extraction temperature.     

米糠油改性环氧酯铁红防锈底漆

米糠油主要由油酸、亚油酸和棕榈酸组成，属半干性油，具有了作为涂料基料的良好理化特性。研究表明，选用米糠油、桐油、环氧树脂和氧化铁红合成的铁红环氧酯防锈底漆，具有无毒、低温固化、防锈能力强等特点。本介绍了底漆的配方、生产工艺，并讨论了影响底漆性能的因素。     

Allelopathic potential ofErica vagans,calluna vulgaris,andDaboecia cantabrica

In laboratory tests the allelopathic potential ofErica vagans, Calluna vulgaris, andDaboecia cantabrica was determined. Aqueous extracts of flowers ofD. cantabrica and leaves ofC. vulgaris inhibit root and hypocotyl growth of red clover, the former causing 51% inhibition of germination. Intact aerial parts of the Ericaceae here studied drastically reduced the growth of red clover and 100% inhibition of germination was caused by flowers ofD. cantabrica. Inhibition of aqueous extracts remains after Chromatographic separation, and two well-defined inhibition zones may be observed. Hydrosoluble organic compounds (phenol-like compounds) could probably be responsible for the inhibitions detected.     

元明青花红绿彩的研究与考证

青花红绿彩作为加彩器的一种,比传统的观点早一个朝代,根据明中青花红绿彩盖罐结合最新的窑址考古成果,得出元代的窑炉设计和釉面配方的缺陷,使元代青花红绿彩的生产和存世极少,明官窑中由于斗彩的出现,青花红绿彩在民间一直沿烧。与元代风格相近,只是到了后期风格才大变。     

纳米棒状氧化铁红的制备及表征

以尿素为沉淀剂,采用缓慢滴加方式,用均匀沉淀法制备了纳米棒状氧化铁红。考察了Fe^2＋浓度、反应时间、反应温度、尿素与Fe^2＋物质的量比等因素对产品粒径、形貌及收率的影响,并用TG,XRD,IR,UV-VIS,TEM等对样品进行了表征。确定了制备纳米棒状氧化铁红的最佳工艺条件：Fe^2＋浓度为0.50 mol/L,反应时间为180 min,反应温度为80℃,尿素与Fe^2＋物质的量比为20∶1,在此条件下制得前驱体,将前驱体在350℃下煅烧2 h,即可得到纳米棒状氧化铁红。样品的XRD,TEM表征结果为六方晶系的纳米棒状α-Fe2O3,其长轴约为300-500 nm,短轴约为20-40 nm,产品收率为75.90%,颜色为鲜红色,含质量分数5%样品的清漆对紫外线具有很好的吸收性能,而对可见光具有良好的透明性,其透光率在85%以上,可作为透明氧化铁红颜料使用。     

稀土掺杂红色长余辉发光材料的研究进展

介绍了稀土掺杂红色长余辉发光材料的研究进展,总结了硫化物、硫氧化物、钛酸盐等基质体系的红色长余辉发光机制。及传统的高温固相法以及溶胶-凝胶法、燃烧法等稀土红色长余辉材料的制备技术,提出了对红色长余辉材料今后发展的看法。     

丙烯腈悬浮床催化水合制备丙烯酰胺的催化剂研究

考察了丙烯腈悬浮床水合制备丙烯酰胺的各种催化剂性能，研究了雷尼铜（Ｒａｎｅｙ Ｃｕ）催化剂的三种影响因素：铜铝成分的比例、冷却成型方式和添加组分的影响及催化剂的再生性能。结果表明：喷雾法制备的雷尼铜［Ａｌ∶Ｃｕ＝５２∶４８（质量比）］催化剂比普通雷尼铜催化剂活性高１０％，强度高２４％，并具有良好的再生性能，适于作为悬浮床催化剂     

PA66阻燃改性研究

通过卤系、氮系、磷系等阻燃体系对尼龙（PA）66进行阻燃改性研究，开发出一种赤磷与无机阻燃剂共用的复配阻燃体系。结果表明，当加入 赤磷10份、无机阻燃剂10份、玻纤30份时，利用该阻燃体系阻燃的PA66，其燃烧性能达FV－0级，拉伸强度大于100MPa，缺口冲击强度大于9kJ/m^2，综合性能优良。     

二氧化氯催化氧化处理活性艳红染料废水催化剂的制备与应用

研究了二氧化氯催化氧化用催化剂的制备条件与催化剂性能。实验结果表明，在工业催化剂载体上负载Cu^2+活性组分的催化剂制备优化条件为：w(Cu²⁺)=6%，焙烧温度500 ℃，焙烧时间4 h。用此催化剂进行二氧化氯催化氧化处理COD为2 700 mg·L^-1的活性艳红染料配制废水时，COD去除率达75%；催化剂寿命与再生实验表明，该方法在技术与经济上都具有较强实用性。     

铁泥氧化制备颜料铁红的研究

以工业废渣铁泥为原料,经拌酸氧化制备铁红颜料,探讨了酸的种类、浓度及用量和氧化温度及时间对产品质量的影响。结果表明,较佳的工艺条件为:硫酸浓度60%,硫酸与铁泥质量比1∶1.2,氧化温度800℃,氧化时间2.0 h,得铁红产品,质量符合油漆、涂料等对铁红颜料的要求。