悬浮床与固定床渣油加氢改质技术的区别

固定床渣油加氢改质技术是比较成熟的重质油加工手段,而悬浮床渣油加氢技术是较新的重油轻质化方案.以悬浮床加氢技术为主,详细地比较了两种技术在催化剂组成和性质,反应机理,工艺过程方面的区别,指出两种工艺联合使用可以充分发挥各自的优势,扬长避短,创造更大的经济效益.     

对苯二甲酸加氢精制的反应规律

在高压磁力搅拌间歇反应釜中研究了粗对苯二甲酸在 Pd- C催化剂上加氢精制反应的规律。实验温度范围为 2 75～ 2 95℃ ,实验压力范围为 6 .0 8～ 8.0 8MPa(表压 )。研究发现加氢反应速率随着催化剂量和氢分压的增加而提高 ,在实验温度范围内 ,提高加氢温度 ,反应速率反而有所下降 ;投料中对苯二甲酸的质量浓度对反应速率也有一定影响 ,在 2 82℃反应条件下合适的质量分数为 2 5 %。     

DIFFUSION AND REACTION OF BENZENE HYDROGENATION OVER POROUS Ni/γ-Al_2O_3 CATALYST

The macro-kinetics of benzene hydrogenation over porous Ni/γ-Al_2O_3 catalyst was measured with asingle-pellet diffusion reactor.Based on the dusty-gas model,the differential equations by taking into account ofthe variation of effective diffusivities with the composition were derived to describe the diffusion and reactionprocesses of reacting species over porous catalyst.Using the tortuosity factors determined under the condition ofsteady physical diffusion,the global reaction rates were calculated by solving the equations,and the results are ingood agreement with the experimental data obtained.     

An evaluation of commercial nickel catalysts during hydrogenation of soybean oil

The activities of several commercial nickel catalysts were determined by measuring their activation energies. Among these catalysts, G95E, Resan 22, Nysosel 222 and 325, all with low activation energy, were more active than DM3 and G95H, which had higher activation energy. However, the less active catalysts increased the linoleate selectivity of soybean oil during hydrogenation. The yields of bothtrans isomers and winterized oil were higher for the more selectively hydrogenated oil catalyzed by the less active catalysts. In the sensory evaluation, the fractionated solid fat that contained moretrans isomers was lower in flavor scores than the fractionated liquid oil after hydrogenation and winterization of soybean oil.     

4,4′,4″-三氨基三苯胺的合成

本文从对氯硝基苯和对硝基苯胺出发,经过两步反应合成了三偶氮类光导材料的重要中间体4,4′,4″-三氨基三 苯胺,其中第一反应采用KF/季铵盐催化法,收率48.4％,第二步反应采用钯碳催化加氢法,收率91.4％。     

Correlation of reactivity with chemical structure: Thermal hydrogenation of gas oils

The relationship between chemical structure and reactivity for thermal hydroprocessing was studied for five gas oils derived from Alberta bitumens. Chemical structure was characterized by combining data from ¹ H and ¹³ C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, class fractionation, and elemental analysis to calculate structural parameters. Thermal hydrotreating was performed in a continuous-flow stirred reactor at 420 and 440°C, 13.9 MPa hydrogen pressure, and 1.5 h¹ LHSV. Conversion of the 343–525°C boiling fraction of the gas oils was correlated with the concentration of naphthenic methylene groups in the feed. Formation of methane and ethane was dependent on the degree of condensation of the aromatic rings in the feed oils. Thermal desulfurization was highly correlated with the amount of saturates in the feed, and the aromaticity of the resin fraction. Hydrogen consumption increased with the aromaticity of the gas oil…     

高纯级三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷合成和纯化工艺研究

对直接加氢法和两步法合成三 (羟甲基 )氨基甲烷的工艺进行了系统的比较研究 ,通过实验得到优化的工艺条件和催化剂套用方法 ,建立了较合理的纯化方法。     

苯甲酸加氢催化剂Pd/C抗中毒方法研究及应用

研究了苯甲酸加氢过程中Pd/C催化剂的失活原因，针对CO引起Pd/C活性降低，开发了SRNA－5助催化剂，有效消除了反应中生成的CO对Pd/C催化剂活性的影响。并在石家庄化纤公司完成了工业试验，工业试验表明，在不改变原工业流程的基础上，通过向苯甲酸加氢工业装置中加入SRNA－5助剂，有效提高Pd/C催化剂活性，该厂每年减少催化剂直接费用1500万元。     

4-乙基-1-苯基环己醇的催化氢解

在乙醇体系中,4 丙基 1 苯基环己醇在2MPa氢气压力下200℃反应8h,完全氢解且反式选择性高,得到71.7%的反式产物和22.3%的顺式产物。考察了温度等对氢解反应的影响,发现高温有利于反式产物的生成。     

Pt/C活性催化剂催化氢化合成6-氯-2-羟基喹喔啉

以对氯邻硝基乙酰乙酰苯胺为原料，在碱性条件下经环合及催化氢化合成6-氯-2-羟基喹喔啉。采用自制的Pt／C催化剂，考察了反应条件对产品收率的影响，在85℃，1．0～1．3MPa氢气压力下进行加氢还原反应，总收率89．6％(以对氯邻硝基乙酰乙酰苯胺转化为6-氯-2-羟基喹喔啉)。