柞蚕蛾出茧前吐出液中的水解酶

采用重量法和紫外光谱法对已出蛾与未出蛾的柞蚕茧丝胶含量做了对比研究 ,发现出蛾茧的丝胶含量低于未出蛾茧的丝胶含量。由此表明柞蚕蛾出茧前的吐出液对丝胶有较好的溶解作用。进而又通过红外及紫外光谱法对该吐出液中的水解酶进行了研究 ,发现其中含有α 吡喃阿拉伯糖苷酶及α 吡喃半乳糖苷酶 ,不含有 β 吡喃木糖苷酶     

利用丝胶改善涤纶织物服用性能研究

简述了丝胶的特点及其应用概况,提出了利用丝胶对涤纶织物进行改性处理来改善其服用性能的新方法。测试结果表明：涤纶织物经丝胶处理和戊二醛固着后,其吸湿性能和抗静电性能均有明显改善,且几乎不随洗涤时间的增长而发生变化。     

干茧触蒸丝胶变性机理分析

本文从丝胶的园二色光谱分析,发现干茧经触蒸后丝胶的性质发生了改变,即茧层丝胶的分子构象由无规卷曲向β—折叠结构转化,指出丝胶变性是茧层丝胶胶着力趋于均匀,为提高生丝净度成绩的关键之一.     

Development of bacterial cellulose incorporating silk sericin,polyhexamethylene biguanide,and glycerin with enhanced physical properties and antibacterial activities for wound dressing application

Bacterial cellulose (BC) has been applied for wound dressing application. In this study, physical and biological properties of the BC dressing were improved by incorporation of silk sericin (SS), polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), and glycerin. The glycerin incorporation reduced dehydration rate and wound adhesion of the BC dressing in a concentration-dependent manner. PHMB, an antiseptic agent, provided antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Meanwhile, SS would enhance collagen and tissue formation in wounds. Finally, we confirmed that the BC dressing incorporating SS, PHMB, and glycerin was safe to be used as a medical material according to ISO 10993-6 standard.     

Rational Design of Ag/ZnO Hybrid Nanoparticles on Sericin/Agarose Composite Film for Enhanced Antimicrobial Applications

Silver-based hybrid nanomaterials are receiving increasing attention as potential alternatives for traditional antimicrobial agents. Here, we proposed a simple and eco-friendly strategy to efficiently assemble zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on sericin-agarose composite film to impart superior antimicrobial activity. Based on a layer-by-layer self-assembly strategy, AgNPs and ZnO were immobilized on sericin-agarose films using the adhesion property of polydopamine. Scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction spectroscopy were used to show the morphology of AgNPs and ZnO on the surface of the composite film and analyze the composition and structure of AgNPs and ZnO, respectively. Water contact angle, swelling ratio, and mechanical property were determined to characterize the hydrophilicity, water absorption ability, and mechanical properties of the composite films. In addition, the antibacterial activity of the composite film was evaluated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The results showed that the composite film not only has desirable hydrophilicity, high water absorption ability, and favorable mechanical properties but also exhibits excellent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It has shown great potential as a novel antimicrobial biomaterial for wound dressing, artificial skin, and tissue engineering.     

我国煮茧技术改造方向探讨

本文通过茧层丝胶溶解膨润机理、茧质和适煮时间关系及调整部温度配置原则的讨论,探讨我国煮茧工艺路线和方针,为设计研制具有我国特色煮茧方法和设备提供理论依据。     

Sericin-Based Poly(Vinyl) Alcohol Relieves Plaque and Epidermal Lesions in Psoriasis; a Chance for Dressing Development in a Specific Area

The noncontagious immune-mediated skin disease known as psoriasis is regarded as a chronic skin condition with a 0.09–11.4% global prevalence. The main obstacle to the eradication of the disease continues to be insufficient treatment options. Sericin, a natural biopolymer from Bombyx mori cocoons, can improve skin conditions via its immunomodulatory effect. Many external therapeutic methods are currently used to treat psoriasis, but sericin-based hydrogel is not yet used to treat plaques of eczema. Through the use of an imiquimod rat model, this study sought to identify the physical and chemical characteristics of a silk sericin-based poly(vinyl) alcohol (SS/PVA) hydrogel and assess both its therapeutic and toxic effects on psoriasis. The cytokines, chemokines, and genes involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis were investigated, focusing on the immuno-pathological relationships. We discovered that the SS/PVA had a stable fabrication and proper release. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties of SS/PVA reduced the severity of psoriasis in both gross and microscopic skin lesions. This was demonstrated by a decrease in the epidermal histopathology score, upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and interleukin (IL)-10, and a decrease in the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-20. Moreover, the genes S100a7a and S100a14 were downregulated. Additionally, in rats given the SS/PVA treatment, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase levels were within normal limits. Our findings indicate that SS/PVA is safe and may be potentiated to treat psoriasis in a variety of forms and locations of plaque because of its physical, chemical, and biological characteristics.     

以丝胶蛋白为细菌培养基主要成分的研究

通过对分子量小于6万的水溶性丝胶肽或者丝胶肽及其水解物以不同比例替代或完全替换普通液体培养基中主要成分蛋白胨进行的3种代表性细菌的培养试验，说明水溶性丝胶肽及其水解物营养非常丰富，是一种新型的液体培养基主要成分。     

蚕丝蛋白对涤纶织物的亲水整理研究

将碱减量预处理过的涤纶织物放入氯化亚砜密闭气体中,以DMF为催化剂,进行酰氯化反应,得到预处理涤纶织物,然后将预处理织物放入丝胶或丝素水溶液中进行接枝反应,使得丝胶或丝素被整理到涤纶织物的表面。对整理前后织物进行红外光谱、热失重、吸放湿性、断裂强力测试分析,结果表明:采用对织物进行蚕丝蛋白整理可以有效地将丝胶和丝素整理到织物的表面上,丝胶或丝素整理后织物的亲水性和吸湿性有了明显提高,断裂强力较预处理织物没有太大变化,但是热性能有所降低。     

基于滚筒摩擦和超声振荡的蚕丝含胶率测试方法研究

针对现有蚕丝含胶率测试方法所存在的缺陷,设计了蚕丝含胶率快速测试仪器,该仪器主要的脱胶机构为滚筒和超声振荡器,滚筒内壁呈凹凸状,上面均匀分布着小孔,在滚筒旋转过程中,蚕丝与滚筒内壁反复摩擦,加速丝胶与丝素的分离。利用超声波空化作用对蚕丝进行快速高效脱胶,最终使丝胶丝素彻底分离,进而测试蚕丝含胶率。经实践证明:测试仪器设计合理、结构简单,实验操作简便,测试结果准确、可靠,可以替代现有的蚕丝含胶率的测试仪器和方法,应用及推广价值高。