Long-Term Changes in Ovarian Follicles of Gilts Exposed Neonatally to Methoxychlor: Effects on Oocyte-Derived Factors,Anti-Müllerian Hormone,Follicle-Stimulating Hormone,and Cognate Receptors

In this paper, we investigated the effects of neonatal exposure to methoxychlor (MXC), a synthetic organochlorine used as an insecticide with estrogenic, antiestrogenic, and antiandrogenic activities on ovarian follicles of adult pigs. Piglets were injected with MXC (20 μg/kg body weight) or corn oil (controls) from postnatal Day 1 to Day 10 (n = 5 per group). Then, mRNA expression, protein abundance and immunolocalization of growth and differentiation factor 9 (GDF9), bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and cognate receptors (ACVR1, BMPR1A, BMPR1B, TGFBR1, BMPR2, and AMHR2), as well as FSH receptor (FSHR) were examined in preantral and small antral ovarian follicles of sexually mature gilts. The plasma AMH and FSH levels were also assessed. In preantral follicles, neonatal exposure to MXC increased GDF9, BMPR1B, TGFBR1, and BMPR2 mRNAs, while the levels of AMH and BMP15 mRNAs decreased. In addition, MXC also decreased BMP15 and BMPR1B protein abundance. Regarding small antral follicles, neonatal exposure to MXC upregulated mRNAs for BMPR1B, BMPR2, and AMHR2 and downregulated mRNAs for AMH, BMPR1A, and FSHR. MXC decreased the protein abundance of AMH, and all examined receptors in small antral follicles. GDF9 and BMP15 were immunolocalized in oocytes and granulosa cells of preantral follicles of control and treated ovaries. All analyzed receptors were detected in the oocytes and granulosa cells of preantral follicles, and in the granulosa and theca cells of small antral follicles. The exception, however, was FSHR, which was detected only in the granulosa cells of small antral follicles. In addition, MXC decreased the plasma AMH and FSH concentrations. In conclusion, the present study may indicate long-term effects of neonatal MXC exposure on GDF9, BMP15, AMH, and FSH signaling in ovaries of adult pigs. However, the MXC effects varied at different stages of follicular development. It seems that neonatal MXC exposure may result in accelerated initial recruitment of ovarian follicles and impaired cyclic recruitment of antral follicles.     

导致MLCC失效的常见微观机理

多层陶瓷电容器(MLCC)在实际使用过程中,电参数会发生不同程度的偏离,降低了可靠性,直到MLCC失效。其失效原因可分为外部因素和内在因素,分析讨论了影响MLCC可靠性的内在因素——MLCC内部分层、导电粒子、金属离子迁移和介电老化等常见微观失效机理,并提出了主要应对措施。     

电子元器件贮存可靠性评估与预测的贝叶斯方法

基于电子元件寿命试验的二项型数据信息,提出了电子元件贮存可靠性评估与预测的贝叶斯方法.利用环境因子将电子元件产品在不同贮存条件下的试验数据进行折合,依据贝叶斯理论对小样本下可能出现的数据"数据倒挂"进行预处理,并评估出其在各已知贮存时间点上的可靠度,再运用配曲线法得到产品的贮存寿命分布,进而对其贮存可靠度进行合理预测.最后,通过一个实例说明了方法的可行性.     

汽车起动机齿轮拨叉失效分析

分析了引起汽车起动机齿轮拨叉收缩变形及强度低所引起的制品失效原因,采用定型棒对制品进行定型以补偿拨叉的收缩变形;通过改进浇口位置来调整玻璃纤维在制品中的取向,使拨叉受力方向与玻璃纤维取向平行,从而消除了制品因强度低所引起的失效。     

球墨铸铁缩孔缩松的铁液冶金因素影响探析

梳理了国内外关于冶金因素对球铁缩孔缩松影响的认知,并列述了一些具有共识的看法和一些具有争议的观点.对球铁碳当量的选择、过冷度的控制,炉料选择等给出了自己的看法,同时阐明了需加强通过提高冶金质量及浇注过程中气体排放等措施来改善球铁的缩孔缩松倾向.     

河南省上宫金矿矿床成因及控矿因素研究

以上宫金矿为例,研究了矿区地层、构造、岩浆岩、变质作用及围岩蚀变、物探等地质特征。分析了矿床地质特征,矿床属构造蚀变岩型,矿体总体呈脉状、板状。赋矿围岩为太华群石板沟岩组和古元古界龙潭沟岩组及熊耳群许山组地层;探讨了成矿规律和找矿标志,得出矿床的成因类型为中低温岩浆期后热液—构造蚀变岩型金矿床。矿床的找矿标志主要为构造—岩浆岩标志、围岩蚀变标志、地层标志等;圈定了矿体,自西至东分别在西青岗坪、干树、上宫、虎沟、七里坪5个矿段,圈出金矿脉55条。研究为今后的矿山生产开发利用和探矿提供了可靠依据。     

粉煤灰、矿粉对水泥浆体变形性能的影响

以高性能混凝土用胶凝材料为研究对象,研究了粉煤灰、矿粉在不同养护湿度和温度下对水泥浆体变形性能的影响规律.结果表明:饱水养护时,粉煤灰的掺入降低了水泥浆体的水养膨胀变形;养护温度升高、粉煤灰掺量增加,水泥浆体水养膨胀变形降低幅度增大,但不同水养温度下掺入矿粉对水泥浆体膨胀变形无明显影响;密封养护时,掺入粉煤灰可有效抑制...     

高层框架考虑施工过程和徐变收缩影响的受力分析

位移法分析超静定结构徐变收缩效应的关键是求单元的徐变收缩固端力。首先根据力法和虚功原理,推导出杆件单元徐变固端力和收缩固端力的计算公式。然后给出了高层框架结构分析中考虑施工过程和徐变收缩影响的方法,并列出了位移法方程。用FORTRAN语言编制了高层结构徐变收缩分析的计算机程序,并对一个高层框架进行结构分析。结果表明,施工过程和徐变收缩对高层框架的受力和变形影响都较大,实际工程设计中应该考虑这些因素对结构的影响。     

干湿循环过程中压实黄土的胀缩变形特性研究

为了研究干湿循环过程中压实黄土的胀缩变形特征,利用自主设计的黄土增减湿过程模拟装置,制备了初始含水率为10％,干密度分别为1.45、1.55、1.65 g/cm3的土柱,首先将其浸水饱和,然后在自然条件下干燥收缩至初始状态,如此进行3次反复干湿循环试验.结果表明:浸水直至土体饱和过程中,土体会持续膨胀,膨胀应变ε随时间...     

影响钢铁板块走势的宏观因素研究

以钢铁板块指数作为因变量, 选取宏观经济中能影响钢铁板块指数的指标, 运用SPSS软件对数据进行回归分析并建立回归模型, 分析得出影响钢铁板块指数的宏观因素。