Novel transcatheter aortic heart valves exhibiting excellent hemodynamic performance and low-fouling property

Transcatheter aortic heart valves (TAHVs) have been widely used for aortic valve replacements, with less trauma and lower clinical risk compared with traditional surgical heart valve replacements. In the present study, composites of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels and anisotropic high-shrinkage polyethylene terephthalate/polyamide6 (PET-PA6) fabric (PEGDA/PET-PA6) were fabricated as artificial heart valve leaflets. Dynamic mechanical analyses (DMA) indicated that PEGDA/PET-PA6 composites possessed anisotropic mechanical properties (i.e., storage moduli ～23.30 ± 1.36 MPa parallel to the aligned fabric fibers and ～9.68 ± 0.90 MPa perpendicular to the aligned fibers at 1 Hz) that were comparable to aortic valve leaflets. The PEGDA/PET-PA6 composites with smooth surfaces were highly hydrophilic (contact angle ～41.6° ± 3.8°) and had low-fouling properties without platelet adhesion, suggesting a low risk of thrombogenicity when they interacted with blood. Furthermore, transcatheter aortic heart valves were fabricated using nitinol self-expanding frames and PEGDA/PET-PA6 composites as artificial leaflets, which presented excellent hemodynamic performance with a large orifice area (1.75 cm²) and low regurgitation (3.41%), thus meeting the requirements of ISO 5840-3 standard. Therefore, PEGDA/PET-PA6 composites had suitable mechanical properties, good biocompatibility, and low-fouling properties, indicating that they might be used for TAHVs in the future.     

Thermodynamic studies on the complete phase diagram of aqueous two phase system containing polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether 2000 and di-potassium hydrogen phosphate at different temperatures

The liquid-liquid equilibrium of polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether 2000 (PEGDME₂₀₀₀)+K₂HPO₄+H₂O system has been determined experimentally at T=(298.15,303.15,308.15 and 318.15) K. The liquid-solid and complete phase diagram of this system was also obtained at T=(298.15 and 308.15) K. A nonlinear temperature dependent equation was successfully used for the correlation of the experimental binodal data. Furthermore, a temperature dependent Setschenow-type equation was successfully used for the correlation of the tie-lines of the studied system. Moreover, the effect of temperature on the binodal curves and the tie-lines for the investigated aqueous two-phase system have been studied. Also, the free energies of cloud points for this system and some previously studied systems containing PEGDME₂₀₀₀ were calculated from which it was concluded that the increase of the entropy is the driving force for formation of aqueous two-phase systems. Additionally, the calculated free energies for phase separation of the studied systems were used to investigate the salting-out ability of the salts having different anions. Furthermore, the complete phase diagram of the investigated system was compared with the corresponding phase diagrams of previously studied systems, in which the PEGDME₂₀₀₀ has been used, in order to obtain some information regarding the phase behavior of these PEGDME₂₀₀₀+salt+water systems.     

改性阴离子型水性聚氨酯的制备

采用聚碳酸亚丙酯二元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）、自制氨基有机硅为主要原料制备了一种氨基有机硅改性的阴离子型水性聚氨酯织物整理剂.研究表明,合成最佳条件为预聚反应温度80℃,保温2h左右,扩链反应温度70℃,保温3h,氨基有机硅改性温度10℃,保温50min.自制的整理剂乳液粒径小、稳定性好,胶膜耐水性有明显提高,基本达到工业品要求,可以在工厂推广使用.     

负载型MgO/SiO_2催化合成羟基特戊酸新戊二醇单酯

以工业甲醛和异丁醛为原料,通过羟醛缩合、负载型MgO/SiO2催化歧化反应两步合成了羟基特戊酸新戊二醇单酯。对歧化反应中的反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量进行了探讨,得到的歧化反应的最佳工艺条件为:反应温度90℃,反应时间90min,催化剂用量为2,2-二甲基-3-羟基丙醛(HPA)质量的3%。歧化反应中HPA转化率达90%以上,产品选择性达97%以上。粗产品经减压精馏,纯度达到99%,产品过程总收率达到80%以上。反应后催化剂经过滤即可分离回收利用,重复利用4次后,负载催化剂活性变化不明显,采用比表面积检测法(BET)和扫描电子显微镜对催化剂进行了表征,结果表明其催化性能稳定,可多次重复使用。     

反应精馏生产氯乙醇的新工艺研究

针对氯乙醇传统生产工艺存在的缺陷,引入反应精馏技术,以乙二醇和工业盐酸为原料,通过探讨选择己二酸为催化剂制备了高纯度氯乙醇。通过试验对连续反应精馏生产氯乙醇的工艺过程进行了系统的研究,并采用气相色谱对产物中氯乙醇的含量进行了分析。实验证明,当塔釜温度为115～120℃,回流比0.5,催化剂己二酸用量为乙二醇的5%(摩尔分数),进料比m(乙二醇)∶m(盐酸)∶m(水)=2.3∶3.8∶1时,所得氯乙醇的纯度可达到42%。     

聚乙二醇4000相转移催化合成N,N-二乙基苯胺

用聚乙二醇4000作相转移催化剂，在常压下由苯胺和溴乙烷合成N，N-二乙基苯胺，研究了多种反应因素对目的产物产率的影响，提出了常压催化合成目的产物的最佳工艺条件是：苯胺和溴乙烷的摩尔比为1：1.5，催化剂用量0．20g，在25mL40％（质量分数）的氢氧化钠溶液中，反应温度55℃，常压反应6h，产品收率89．3％。     

国内外乙二醇生产技术及市场分析(下)

介绍了乙二醇的生产技术，分析了国内外乙二醇的生产消费现状及市场前景，提出了发展我国乙二醇生产的一些建议。     

乙二醇基双环戊二烯基醚合成工艺研究

利用双环戊二烯(DCPD)和乙二醇(EG)为主要原料,在对甲基苯磺酸催化作用下进行醚化反应制备乙二醇基双环戊二烯基醚。采用正交试验法确定的反应条件为:n(DCPD)∶n(EG)=1∶1,对甲基苯磺酸、对苯二酚加入量分别为DCPD质量的3%、0.4%,120℃下反应6 h。在此条件下乙二醇基双环戊二烯基醚产率大于77%。     

一缩二乙醇二缩水甘油醚双丙烯酸酯的合成

以一缩二乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(DGDE)和丙烯酸为原料,N,N-二甲基苄胺为催化剂,对羟基苯甲醚为阻聚剂,制得了一缩二乙二醇二缩水甘油醚双丙烯酸酯(ADGDE)。讨论了催化剂用量、反应温度等因素对反应的影响,并用FT-IR和Photo-DSC对ADGDE的化学结构及光固化行为进行了表征。结果表明,反应温度为100℃、催化剂用量为1 0%时催化效果和反应速率较理想,用对羟基苯甲醚作阻聚剂得到的ADGDE颜色较浅;ADGDE的光聚合速率随光引发剂的用量增加而提高。