Dispersion of silver particles in aqueous solutions visualized by polarography/voltammetry

The State of silver particles in aqueous dispersions and the course of their coagulation can be followed on voltammetric curves recorded with hanging mercury drop electrode. Sharp irregular cathodic current peaks produced by partial electroreduction of the species adsorbed on the surface of silver particles during their fortuitous impingements upon the electrode surface appear in time sequence on the curves. A change in the electrochemical behavior of silver sols in the time course of particles aggregation and growth was interpreted in agreement with the data of UV–vis spectroscopy and electron microscopy observations.     

注CO2气驱提高采收率效果影Ⅱ向因素分析

目前油田常规注水开发难度不断增加,应用注CO2气驱技术能够有效解决注水困难等问题,提高了原油采收率。在室内实验研究的基础上,应用数值模拟技术优化了注气方式及注气时机;分析了油藏地质参数对注CO2气驱提高采收率的影响。研究表明：水气交替注入方式更优;非均质性越强,开发效果越差;油藏渗透率越大、含油饱和度越高、原油粘度越低,注CO2驱油效果越好。     

新型2-巯基苯并咪唑银/硬脂酸银(AgMBM/AgSt)的制备、表征及其在PTG材料中的成像性能研究

分别以硬脂酸银(AgSt)为本体、2-巯基苯并咪唑(MBM)为修饰剂,合成了一种新型的2-巯基苯并咪唑银/硬脂酸银(AgMBM/AgSt)复合结构颗粒.利用红外光谱仪(FTIR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)以及热重-差示扫描量热仪(TG-DSC)对复合颗粒的微观结构、形貌、晶型以及热相变行为进行了表征,研究了AgMBM/AgSt作为光敏热成像(PTG)材料银源时的成像性能.结果表明,AgMBM/AgSt由本体AgSt以及其表面负载的AgMBM小颗粒构成.与本体AgSt相比,AgMBM/AgSt在80℃附近出现新的热相变峰,其热分解温度也有所降低.当AgMBM/AgSt为银源时,PTG材料的热显影密度显著增加,而灰雾仍然保持较低水平.     

丙环唑废水治理技术研究

针对丙环唑废水COD浓度高、成分复杂、难生物降解等特点,首先采用氯气氧化方法回收废水中的溴,再采用铁碳微电解法处理废水。经过预处理后,废水中溴素的回收率为96%,废水的COD去除率达到90.5%;处理后废水的BOD5/COD由0.11提高到0.36。经好氧生化处理后出水符合国家一级排放标准(GB8978–1996)。     

双压系统AQC炉分段进气余热发电性能分析

分析了篦式冷却机内气体和熟料的温度分布,根据5000t／d生产线余热排烟参数,对双压系统AQC分段进气方案进行了讨论,在不增加窑热耗的情况下,与一次透气方式相比,高压蒸汽压力为1．6MPa时,总发电功率增加81.29～289．67kW,总发电效率增加0．10％-0．34％;高压蒸汽压力为2．0MPa时,总发电功率增加123．86—309．86kW,总发电效率增加0．16％-0．37％。     

蒸汽锅炉余热综合改造技术

按照现行的锅炉设计及运行情况,天然气锅炉的效率都在80％左右,锅炉的总体运行效率不高,能源浪费仍然较大。通过对相关设备进行改造,减少热能损失和充分回收利用各种余热,可以将锅炉的热效率提高到85％以上,提高天然气锅炉的热效率,从而节约能源。     

Sugarcane residue management and grain legume crop effects on N dynamics,N losses and growth of sugarcane

To reduce greenhouse gas emissions farmers are being encouraged not to burn sugarcane residues. An experiment was set up in NE Thailand, where sugarcane residues of the last ratoon crop were either burned, surface mulched or incorporated and subsequently the field left fallow or planted to groundnut or soybean. The objectives of the current experiment were to evaluate the residual effects of these treatments during the following new sugarcane crop on (i) microbial and mineral N dynamics, (ii) performance of sugarcane and (iii) effectiveness of recycled legume residues compared to mineral N fertilizer on N use efficiencies, ¹⁵N recovery in the system and in soil particle size and density fractions (using ¹⁵N labelled legume residues and fertilizer). The millable cane and sugar yield were positively affected by sugarcane residue mulching and incorporation compared to burning suggesting microbial remobilization of previously immobilized N. Residual effects of legumes increased sugarcane tillering and yield (127 and 116 Mg ha⁻¹ for groundnut and soybean, respectively) compared to the fallow treatment without N fertilizer (112 Mg ha⁻¹). Soybean residues of higher C:N ratio (33:1) and lignin content (13%) compared to groundnut residues (21:1 C:N, 5% lignin) decomposed slower and improved N synchrony with cane N demand. This led to a better conservation of residue N in the system with proportionally less ¹⁵N losses (15–17%) compared to the large losses from groundnut residues (50–57%) or from mineral N fertilizer (50–63%). ¹⁵N recoveries in soil were larger from residues (41–80%) than from fertilizer (30%) at final harvest. Recycled legume residues were able to substitute basal fertilizer N application but not topdressing after 6 months.     

水＋醋酸＋甲基叔丁醚三元体系汽液平衡数据的实验测定及数学模拟

用改进的Rose釜测定了常压下H2O＋HAc＋甲基叔丁醚三元体系部分汽液平衡数据,借助实验数据,利用AspenPlus软件对该三元体系NRTL和UNIQUAC方程的模型参数进行了回归。回归结果反过来用于汽液平衡的数学模拟,结果表明实验数据与模拟结果很吻合,该结果可以为相关研究及工业设计提供帮助。     

凝结水的回收利用

针对凝结水在回收利用中存在的问题（如热量没有充分利用、疏水环节泄漏蒸汽、部分凝结水没有回收利用）,进行了技术改造,达到了节约能源、减少热污染的目的。     

镇海炼化100kt／a硫磺回收装置标定考核及技术分析

介绍了采用ZHSR工艺技术的镇海炼化100kt／a硫磺回收装置工艺技术特点及连续运行48h的性能标定考核、工艺计算和技术分析情况。该装置满负荷运行工况良好,关键操作数据与设计数据基本一致,设备运行正常,硫磺产品质量达到GB／T2449--2006标准优等品指标,烟道气SO2排放浓度与排放速率都远低于GB16297—1996标准限值,排放烟气ρ（SO2）小于500mg/m3。