Sequence and structure of VH domain from naturally occurring camel heavy chain immunoglobulins lacking light chains

We cloned 17 different PCR fragments encoding V_H genes of camel(Camelus dromedarius). These clones were derived from the camelheavy chain immunoglobulins lacking the light chain counterpartof normal immunoglobulins. Insight into the camel V_H sequencesand structure may help the development of single domain antibodies.The most remarkable difference in the camel V_H, consistent withthe absence of the V_L interaction, is the substitution of theconserved Leu45 by an Arg or Cys. Another noteworthy substitutionis the Leu11 to Ser. This amino acid normally interacts withthe C_H1 domain, a domain missing in the camel heavy chain immunoglobulins.The nature of these substitutions agrees with the increasedsolubility behavior of an isolated camel V_H domain. The V_H domainsof the camels are also characterized by a long CDR3, possiblycompensating for the absence of the V_L contacts with the antigen.The CDR3 lacks the salt bridge between Arg94 and Asp101. However,the frequent occurrence of additional Cys residues in both theCDR1 and CDR3 might lead to the formation of a second internaldisulfide bridge, thereby stabilizing the CDR structure as inthe DAW antibody. Within CDRs of the camel V_H domains we observea broad size distribution and a different amino acid patterncompared with the mouse or human V_H. Therefore the camel hypervariableregions might adopt structures which differ substantially fromthe known canonical structures, thereby increasing the repertoireof the camel antigen binding sites within a V_H.     

过磷酸钙含氟尾气处理的新方法

对动态泡沫床处理过磷酸钙含氟尾气的有关技术及费用作了说明 ,指出该方法费用高 ;提出一种新方法 ,该方法不加任何化学助剂 ,采用水作吸收剂 ,只需改变动态泡沫床一些设计参数和选用一种特殊的喷头 (喷头周围设计 1个圆锥形死角区 ,使含氟气体不可能进入该区 )避免了硅胶堵塞。该方法已在湖南浦市化工总厂运行 1年多未发现堵塞 ,同时该法投资少、能耗低、排放尾气达标     

聚乙烯与聚丙烯单组分复合材料研究进展

综述了聚乙烯、聚丙烯单组分复合材料的发展概况及最新研究动态。介绍了熔融膜压法、粉末浸渍法、溶液浸渍法三类制备聚乙烯单组分复合材料的传统方法。重点介绍了热压法、共挤出热压法两类制备单组分复合材料的创新方法。分析了各制备方法的优缺点:熔融法、粉末法与溶液法效率均较低且复合材料中纤维含量较少,力学性能不佳;热压法由于初始材料为100％纤维,从而综合效率较高,力学性能良好,缺点为加工温度过于苛刻;共挤出热压法效率较高,在具有高的增强相含量的同时拥有较宽的加工温度范围,缺点为增强相强度需进一步提高。最后介绍了单组分复合材料的应用并对其研究与应用前景作了展望。     

负摩阻力计算及对桩承载力的影响

探讨了负摩阻力的计算方法及考虑负摩阻力时对桩承载力的验算，对软土层超过１５米，上部堆载大或地下水位大幅度下降地区的桩，尤其是端承桩而言，具有较大的工程实际意义。     

分子蒸馏技术与日用化工(Ⅰ)——分子蒸馏技术的原理及特点

介绍了分子蒸馏技术发展简况，并从分子运动平均自由程的定义出发，介绍了分子蒸馏技术的基本原理、特点以及与常规蒸馏、超临界萃取与层析分离等方法的不同。分子蒸馏操作温度低、受热时间短及分离效率高，特别适用于热敏性物质的提纯，有广阔的应用前景。     

单扫描极谱法快速测定胱氨酸的研究及应用

在pH 9.6的H3BO3-NaOH介质中,胱氨酸于-0.56 V(vs.SCE)处产生一灵敏的吸附还原波。用于胱氨酸的测定,波高与0.8~10μmol/L的胱氨酸有线性关系,检测限为0.4μmol/L。许多氨基酸在较高浓度共存情况下不干扰胱氨酸的测定。应用该法测定了人发及胱氨酸片剂中胱氨酸的含量。     

分子动力学模拟聚乙烯在碳纳米管表面的扩散

通过采用分子动力学方法模拟不同链长的聚乙烯分子在单壁碳纳米管表面的扩散,探究了聚乙烯的动力学性质。研究表明随着链长的增加聚乙烯在碳纳米管表面的扩散系数减小,且二者间存在明显的标度关系。聚乙烯在碳纳米管表面扩散的扩散系数和聚乙烯吸附在碳纳米管表面的构象有关,有序结构的聚乙烯比无序结构的聚乙烯在碳纳米管表面扩散的快。此外,由于受到碳纳米管吸附作用的影响,聚乙烯分子在平行于管轴和垂直于管轴2个方向上的扩散系数不同,扩散表现各向异性。     

Modelling of solvent positions around polar groups in proteins

Previous analysis of the distribution of experimental solventmolecule positions around amino acid side chains showed thatdistinct clustering occurred close to polar or charged atomsin proteins. We have used those data to predict likely solventpositions around proteins not used in our initial analysis.We envisage that this algorithm, AQUARIUS, will be useful forfinding solvent positions in electron density maps generatedby protein crystallography and as useful starting positionsfor solvent molecules in computer simulation studies of macromolecules.     

Structure of Atomic and Molecular Adsorbates on Low-Miller-Index ZnO Surfaces Using X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

We review our X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies of adsorbate geometries on the O-terminated (000 ) and Zn-terminated (0001) basel faces, as well as the non-polar (10 0) prism face of ZnO. Studies employing near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure (NEXAFS) and surface X-ray absorption fine-structure (SEXAFS) are included.     

一种检测单晶炉热场温度的新方法

为去除单晶炉热场温度测量信号中的低频干扰、提高温度信号的估计精度,本文提出了一种基于跨维模拟退火(trans dimensional simulated annealing,TDSA)的单晶炉热场温度检测方法.该方法首先将AIC(Akaike information criterion)信号个数判断准则纳入采样机制中以便对干扰个数采样估计,进而利用所设计的基于信号频谱和轮盘赌思想的Metropolis Hastings机制对相应个数的干扰频率进行采样,最后设计了混合均匀和高斯采样机制对单晶炉热场温度进行采样估计.仿真和单晶炉工程实验结果表明,该方法在干扰个数未知的情况下,能够有效地抑制低频干扰、准确检测单晶炉热场的温度.