聚乙烯生产技术及其催化剂的研究进展

阐述了当今世界聚乙烯（PE）催化剂，即铬系、钛系、茂金属和非茂金属单活性中心催化剂技术的发展，推动了PE生产过程和产品的技术进步，PE生产工艺和催化剂技术的进步使PE的性能进一步改进，更易于加工成型。新的生产技术主要包括：双峰PE生产技术、反应器新配置技术、冷凝态和超冷凝态技术等。通过对国内PE生产技术进步、催化剂的研发和装置国产化现状分析，指出与国外相比还存在较大差距，对今后我国PE工业的发展提出了建议。     

炭/炭复合材料制造硅晶体生长坩埚初探

多晶硅用直拉法(CZ)或磁场直拉法(MCZ)拉制成单晶硅棒。晶体生长炉热场零件中的石墨发热体、坩埚等在机械应力和热应力的综合作用下发生变形或损坏造成失效,更换频繁。选用纯度高的炭纤维制成待制件的多孔坯体,经过增密、纯化处理制成炭／炭复合材料坩埚。试制的两体12″炭／炭复合材料坩埚进行了工业性试验。炭／炭复合材料机械强度高、耐热冲击性能和化学稳定性好,其使用寿命大大高于高纯石墨坩埚。两体的连接止口的氧化侵蚀限制了坩埚的使用寿命。单晶硅设备的大型化、炭／炭复合材料势必成为晶体生长炉热场零件的必选材料。     

基于FDR原理的自动灌溉系统设计

利用土壤的介电特性测量土壤含水量是一种快速、简便、可靠的方法。根据频域反射(FDR)法测量原理,电磁波在土壤中的传播频率可用来测试土壤的介电常数,从而得到土壤容积含水率,设计出了一种基于FDR原理的自动灌溉系统,介绍了FDR测量原理,阐述了自动灌溉系统的软硬件构成,土壤水分传感器测得的土壤水分含量信息,经信号处理,输出为0~5V电压信号,经A/D转换送至AT89S52单片机进行判断处理,根据输出数值的大小控制电磁阀的通断时间,从而实现自动灌溉和节水灌溉的目的。试验表明:该系统工作稳定,控制准确,反应灵敏,满足自动灌溉要求。     

机车车载漏电流数字传感器研究与应用

介绍一种机车车载漏电流数字传感器的研究与应用,在模拟漏电流传感器的基础上,经数字化改进而实现.硬件设计采用ARM平台,在分析系统原理的基础上,完成了硬件系统和软件架构的设计,完成了单线和双线的模拟实验.经模拟实验验证检测准确、反应快速,通信采用CAN总线安全可靠.在实际测量中,验证了模拟实验的正确性,设计可行.     

Study of Hydrodynamics,Mixing and Gas‐Liquid Mass Transfer in a Split‐Rectangular Airlift Reactor

Global hydrodynamic characteristics, liquid mixing and gas‐liquid mass transfer for a 63 L split‐rectangular airlift reactor were studied. Correlations for gas holdup and overall liquid circulation velocity were derived for the air‐water system as a function of the specific power input; these were compared to data and correlations for reactor volumes between 4.7 L and 4600 L. A partial recirculation of small bubbles in the riser was observed when U_gr > 0.03 m/s, which was attributed to the use of a single‐orifice nozzle as the gas phase distributor. The dimensionless mixing time and the overall axial dispersion coefficient were nearly constant for the range of gas flow rates studied. However, values of K_L/d_B were greater than those reported in previous studies and this is caused by the partial recirculation of the gas phase in the riser. While scale effects remain slight, the use of a gas distributor favouring this partial recirculation seems adequate for mass transfer in split‐rectangular airlift reactors.     

超快平面显微成像技术

快速成像技术在很多领域都有着重要的应用,本文基于超短光脉冲的时-空-频映射原理,提出并实现了一种超快平面显微成像技术。利用色散傅里叶变换及空间色散器件把光脉冲的宽带频谱信息分别映射到时域和空域,利用高速光电探测器进行串行单像素成像,最终获得了帧速率为20.9 MHz,空间分辨率为22 μm和55 μm的一维及二维平面成像系统。在实验中用标准的分辨率目标板验证了成像效果。该技术为超快成像提供了一种有效手段,并将应用于高速平面检测等多个领域。     

基于Msp430无线安防传感网的设计研究

文中给出了一种面向无线传感网络协议的改进方法,设计并实现了一种面向于中小型场所的远程智能安防系统。该改进方法采用只在中心节点形成与维护路由表的策略,形成多路径单跳网络。通信节点采用具有超低功耗特性的Msp430单片机和CC1101射频模块构架,中心节点采用PC机外接CC1101RS-232串口模块方案,将汇聚节点和基站服务器合二为一,实现通信协议的转换,同时为远端移动终端节点提供通信接口。通信过程增加接收确认信号环节以确保信号的有效发送。实验结果表明,文中的设计方法能够高效地完成在有效通信范围内的信息传感。     

Comparison of single and coastal superphosphate for subterranean clover on phosphorus leaching soils

Coastal superphosphate, a partially acidulated rock phosphate (PARP), is being considered as an alternative fertilizer to single superphosphate for pastures in high rainfall (> 800 mm annual average) areas of south-western Australia. The effectiveness of single and coastal superphosphate, as P fertilizers, was measured in two field experiments using dry herbage yield of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum). The experiments were started in April 1990 and were terminated at the end of 1993. In the years after P applications, soil samples were collected each January to measure Colwell soil-test P, which was related to plant yields measured later on that year, to provide soil P test calibrations.Relative to freshly-applied single superphosphate, the effectiveness of freshly-applied coastal superphosphate and the residues of previously-applied single and coastal superphosphate were less effective in some years (from 3% as effective to equally effective), and up to 100% more effective in other years. This large range in effectiveness values in different years is attributed to different climatic conditions. Soil P test calibrations were different for soils treated with single or coastal superphosphate. The calibrations were also different for different yield assessments (harvests) in the same year, and in different years. Consequently soil P testing can only provide a very crude estimate of the current P status of the soils.     

基于改进符号化度量方法的机场噪声异常检测

机场噪声中的异常情况拥有很大价值,利用它能够及时完善飞机和机场的设备。结合机场噪声数据的特点,对上述问题进行研究并提出一种基于改进的符号化聚集近似(Symbolic Aggregate Approximation,SAX)相似性度量的单监测点的时间序列异常检测方法。其运用相似性度量方法计算出度量结果,再运用k近邻异常检测方法进行异常发现,最后发现异常时间段。该方法在理论验证可行性之后在某机场的实测数据中进行应用,取得了良好的效果。     

Ohmic contacts to semiconducting diamond using a Ti/Pt/Au trilayer metallization scheme

Ohmic contacts have been fabricated on a naturally occurring type IIb diamond crystal using an annealed Ti/Pt/Au trilayer metallization where the Pt served successfully as a barrier to Ti diffusion into the Au capping layer. However, a specific contact resistance could not be reliably determined using transmission line model measurements. Auger microanalysis revealed the presence of Ti on the diamond surface near the ohmic contact pads. The most likely origin of the Ti on the diamond surface was determined to be lateral diffusion from beneath the contact pads. This would have produced a nonuniform concentration of Ti across the diamond surface which, in turn, would have affected the diamond sheet resistance in a complicated way.