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101.
Douglas-G.Ivey 《北京科技大学学报(英文版)》2010,17(4):459-463
Ni/Sn couples,prepared by sequentially electroplating Ni layers and Sn layers on metallized Si wafers,were employed to study the mierostructures and growth kinetics of Ni-Sn intermediate phases,when the Ni/Sn couples were aged at room temperature or annealed at temperatures from 150 to 225℃for various times.The results show that the NiSn phase and Ni_3Sn_4 phase are formed,respectively,in the aged couples and annealed couples.The Ni_3Sn_4 layer is continuously distributed between the Ni and Sn sides in t... 相似文献
102.
针对选择性激光烧结(SLS)间接方法成型的金属零件形坯,经脱脂和高温烧结后形成的零件存在大量孔隙和空洞,其致密度和强度都较低,不能满足实际应用要求的问题,采用改性耐高温环氧树脂浸渗零件烧结坯的方法,使多孔金属件致密化,并粘结内部金属网架,提高零件的机械性能.对浸渗烧结坯的拉伸强度的测试和扫描电镜(SEM)以及热失重(TGA)的分析结果表明,浸渗树脂后的烧结坯拉伸强度提高了约4倍;改性环氧树脂和金属网架粘结在一起,形成一个密实的网络结构,致密度大幅提高;零件可在200℃的温度下使用.该方法可以制造注塑模具和功能零件. 相似文献
103.
为进一步研究生物质的热解动力学,在氮气气氛和不同的加热速率下对马尾松、棉杆和杉木试样进行了热分析实验.结果表明,由于生物质中矿物质对热解的催化作用,灰分含量越高,热解温区越低;用占生物质质量约10%的碳酸钠对生物质进行处理后,其热解温区也明显降低;用Ozawa-Flynn-Wall法计算的活化能随转化率的增加而增加,这是由于生物质中不同成分如半纤维素与纤维素等的热解特性不同所致;联合运用Satava法和Ozawa-Flynn-Wall法确定了低温区和高温区热解的最佳机理函数,发现Avrami-Ero-feev方程、Jander方程和Zhuralev,Lesokin and Tempelmen(Z-L-T)方程分别可以用来很好地描述不同温区的热解过程.热解机理是随机成核和随后生长或三维扩散.除了高温催化段以外,在其他温区用两种方法计算的活化能均很接近. 相似文献
104.
二价铁离子对零价铁还原硝基苯的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了解地下水环境中铁离子对零价铁(zero valention)还原作用的影响,采用批次实验,研究不同质量浓度二价铁离子对ZVI还原硝基苯的影响,利用HPLC和GC-MS作为分析工具,观测反应过程中硝基苯的质量浓度,同时跟踪溶液中Fe2+、pH、ORP的变化.结果表明,有无Fe2+存在,硝基苯均可被ZVI还原为苯胺,Fe2+没有改变还原产物;溶液中投加Fe2+后,ZVI还原硝基苯的反应速率明显加快,溶液中Fe2+对于还原反应起促进作用;溶液中Fe2+对ZVI体系pH起缓冲作用,含有Fe2+的ZVI体系ORP下降明显.反应动力学分析表明,硝基苯的还原反应符合假一级动力学模型,表观速率常数kobs值随Fe2+质量浓度的升高而增加,Fe2+离子的存在有助于ZVI对硝基苯的还原. 相似文献
105.
John S. Haggerty A. Lightfoot John E. Ritter Paul A. Gennari S. V. Nair 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1989,72(9):1675-1679
Reaction-bonded Si3 N4 (RBSN) made from high-purity Si powder is unusually resistant to degradation caused by exposures to air for up to 50 h at temperatures up to 1400°C. The weight gain during oxidation of this SiH4 -originating RBSN is approximately 10 times less than conventional RBSN. Contrary to normally observed strength degradations, room-temperature strengths of this high-purity, oxidized RBSN (avg = 435 MPa, max. = 668 MPa) remained at their unusually high, as-processed levels after 1000° and 1400°C oxidizing exposures. Fracture toughness values were unaffected by oxidation ( K IC = 2.3 to 2.4 MPa · m1/2 ). This superior oxidation resistance results from the high purity and the small diameter pore channels (0.01 to 0.06 μm) achieved in this SiH4 -originating RBSN. 相似文献
106.
John W. Drazin James A. Wollmershauser Heonjune Ryou Mason A. Wolak Edward P. Gorzkowski 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2020,103(1):60-69
Pressureless sintering approaches provide a simple avenue to manufacture dense ceramic parts with minimal processing equipment, but current pressureless sintering techniques have yet to demonstrate capabilities of producing dense ceramics while maintaining sub-50 nm grain sizes. Nanocrystalline yttria stablized zirconia ceramics were process from 4 mol% yttria stablized zirconia (4YSZ) nanopowders with a crystallite size of 7.5 nm using dry cold isostatic pressing (CIP) where powders are dried immediately prior to green compact formation and CIP vacuum bagging. It is shown that CIP pressures >75 000 psi (517 MPa) effectively remove pores larger than 100 nm and that pressureless sintering occurs at reduced temperatures for green densities ≥50%. Though the sintering kinetics are shown to be similar to other zirconia nanopowder sintering studies, the small initial crystallize size and reduced sintering temperature allowed densities as high as 97.2%, while retaining a ceramic grain size at or below 40 nm. Produced nanocrystalline 4YSZ ceramics with a grain size of 30.3 nm and a density of 96.3% had Vicker's hardnesses as high as 14.2 GPa and Vicker's indentation fracture resistance of 3.43 MPa·, demonstrating that simple processing approaches can be refined to fabricate nanocrystalline ceramics while maintaining high hardness and indentation fracture resistance. 相似文献
107.
J. J. Biernacki J. M. Richardson P. E. Stutzman D. P. Bentz 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2002,85(9):2261-2267
The reaction between ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) having an empirical formula of C7.88 S7.39 M3 A and calcium hydroxide (CH) was investigated. The kinetics of the reaction were explored. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to monitor the consumption of CH from which rate constants were determined. Based on Knudsen's kinetic model, activation energies of 14.5, 17.9, and 22.6 kJ/mol were determined for three different mass ratios of slag and CH reacted over a temperature range of 15° to 50°C and hydrated for a period of time from 0 to 32 days. A comparison of the kinetics of the slag/CH reaction was made with slag/portland cement hydration. The basic features of both appear similar. 相似文献
108.
采用高效液相色谱技术,开展了Fenton试剂对2-(4-氯苯氨基)甲基苯酚(CMP)的氧化降解动力学的研究。考察了初始双氧水摩尔浓度、亚铁离子摩尔浓度和温度等因素对CMP降解速率的影响,结果表明,当双氧水摩尔浓度、亚铁离子摩尔浓度增大和温度升高时,CMP的氧化速率明显加快。在30~45℃的温度范围内,其氧化降解符合假一级反应动力学模型,反应的表观活化能Ea为102.90kJ/mol。 相似文献
109.
《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2021,41(15):7807-7815
The present work aimed to reduce the microstructure heterogeneity inherent to flash sintering by using alumina blankets as a thermal insulator around ZnO cylindrical samples during the sintering process, under different electric field conditions. Thermal insulation significantly reduced the flash onset temperature and the grain size heterogeneity. For higher electric fields, a temperature reduction as high as 480 °C was observed, which also led to lower densification. These findings were discussed in terms of changes in the heat loss dynamics coupled with the adsorbed water retention, both promoted by the applied thermal insulation. A model to estimate the temperature at stage III of flash sintering was proposed. The final temperature reached with thermal insulation did not differ significantly from the ones without it. Thus, thermal insulation could represent an alternative route to flash sinter materials with lower furnace temperatures with energy savings up to 78 % and a more homogeneous microstructure. 相似文献
110.