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41.
高强度高导电的形变Cu-Fe原位复合材料 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
通过合金成分和变形工艺研究, 制备了一种高强度高导电性的形变Cu-Fe原位复合材料.实验结果表明, 铁含量越高, 强度越高, 导电性越低; 加入少量镁或锆, 可提高强度, 但同时损失导电性.在变形过程中, 加入适当的中间热处理, 在改变强度不太大的前提下, 能大大提高导电性.通过合理选择合金成分和变形工艺流程, 可制备不同强度和导电性等级要求的Cu-Fe原位复合材料. 相似文献
42.
In situ synthesized titanium matrix composites reinforced with multiple ceramic particulates including TiB, TiC and Y2O3 were fabricated by non-consumable arc-melting technique utilizing the chemical reaction among Ti, B2O3, B4C and Y. The thermodynamic feasibility of the in situ reactions has been considered. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to identify the phases in the composites. Microstructures of the composites were observed by means of optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron probe. It is concluded that multiple reinforcements are synthesized and they show different shapes: TiB grows in needle shape; TiC grows in near-equiaxed and rod-like shapes; Y2O3 grows in near-equiaxed shapes when the content of Y is 0.6 wt.% and grows in dendritic shapes when the content of Y increases to 1.8 wt.%. Reinforcements TiB, TiC and Y2O3 are distributed uniformly in the titanium matrix. 相似文献
43.
E. Q. Xie W. W. Wang N. Jiang D. Y. He Department of Physics Lanzhou University Lanzhou China 《金属学报(英文版)》2002,15(2):221-226
1. IntroductionThe transition metal silicides have attraeted much attention because of their potentialapplicatiOIl in very large scale integration (VLSI) de.ice[1]. Near-noble metal silicides canbe used as Schottky al1d ohn1ic col1tacts in silicon-based d… 相似文献
44.
Cu-Fe-Cr原位复合材料中的纤维相 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过感应熔炼、铸造、锻造和冷拔变形制备了Cu-16Fe-2Cr(质量分数,%)原位复合材料,最终线材(其轧制后的冷拔变形量达到η=ln(A_0/A)=5.42,A_0和A分别为冷拔起始和冷拔后线材的横截面面积)的抗拉强度为980 MPa。将Cu基体选择腐蚀后提取出纤维,采用SEM和TEM观察分析纤维相组织形态。在较低的应变量时,一些Fe—Cr纤维保持着与铸态树枝晶相同的bcc单晶结构,选区电子衍射表明纤维已经形成了〈110〉织构。在较高的应变量时,单根Fe-Cr纤维分为一些由晶界隔开的平行亚单元(宽度约为100 nm),通过亚单元共同的[110]衍射获得了晶粒之间的相对取向关系,相邻晶粒的偏差角在11°—82°之间。根据Hall-Petch关系讨论了原位复合材料的强度问题。 相似文献
45.
原位生成Al2O3、TiB2和Al3Ti/Al复合材料的热循环行为 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文研究了Al-TiO2-B系原位生成Al2O3、TiB2和Al3Ti/Al颗粒增强铝基复合材料的热循环行为,研究结果表明了纯铝及B/TiO2摩尔比分别为0、1和2的颗粒增强铝基复合材料的热循环行为具有以下结果,纯铝和复合材料热循环后均产生了残余应变和滞后环;Al-TiO2-B系列复合材料热循环应变的各项指标均比纯铝基体大大降低,且具有较小的内耗功和较好的热稳定性,可以预测其具有较高的热疲劳寿命,热循环曲线能很好的评估复合材料在温度循环变化的环境中工作时的热稳定性和热疲劳。 相似文献
46.
Intercalated nanocomposites with poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) incorporated between the montmorillonite layers were synthesized from dimethyl terephthalate and 1,4-butane diol by using an in situ interlayer polymerization. The PBT nanocomposites were melt-spun at different organoclay contents to produce monofilaments. The samples were characterized by using wide angle X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, thermal analysis, and tensile testing. The extent of the clay layer in the PBT was confirmed by using X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy, and the clay layer was found to be highly dispersed on a nanometer scale. The addition of only a small amount of organoclay was enough to improve the thermo-mechanical properties of the PBT hybrid fibers. The hybrids were extruded with various draw ratios (DRs) to examine the tensile mechanical property of the fibers. At DR=1, the ultimate tensile strength of the hybrid fibers increased with the addition of clay up to a critical content and then decreased. However, the initial modulus monotonically increased with increasing amount of organoclay in the PBT matrix. When the DR was increased from 1 to 6, for example, the strength and the initial modulus values of the hybrids containing 3 wt% organoclay decreased linearly. 相似文献
47.
48.
We have studied the effect of the amount Φc of a reactive compatibilizer on the rheological properties of a polyethylene/polyamide blend, under steady shear and transient extensional flows. Here, we propose to describe the viscosity η(γ) and the first normal stress coefficient γ1(γ) using a Carreau‐type power‐law model, which is a three‐parameter model. A single model is sufficient to express the behavior of γ1(γ) On the other hand, the complete η(γ) curve is described by the superposition of two Carreau models, in relation to the presence of two relaxation mechanisms. Moreover, the extentional viscosity ηE(?), estimated using the end pressure drop observed in capillary flow experiments, is expressed by a two‐parameter power‐law model. 相似文献
49.
Extraction of Lipids from Municipal Wastewater Plant Microorganisms for Production of Biodiesel 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Stephen Dufreche R. Hernandez T. French D. Sparks M. Zappi E. Alley 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2007,84(2):181-187
Municipal wastewater treatment plants in the USA produce over 6.2 × 106 t of dried sewage sludge every year. This microorganism-rich sludge is often landfilled or used as fertilizer. Recent restrictions
on the use of sewage sludge, however, have resulted in increased disposal problems. Extraction of lipids from sludge yields
an untapped source of cheap feedstock for biodiesel production. Solvents used for extraction in this study include n-hexane, methanol, acetone, and supercritical CO2. The gravimetric yield of oil was low for nonpolar solvents, but use of polar solvents gave a considerably increased yield;
however, the percentage of saponifiable material was less. Extraction of lipids with a mixture of n-hexane, methanol, and acetone gave the largest conversion to biodiesel compared with other solvent systems, 4.41% based on
total dry weight of sludge. In situ transesterification of dried sludge resulted in a yield of 6.23%. If a 10% dry weight
yield of fatty acid methyl esters is assumed, the amount of biodiesel available for production in the USA is 1.4 × 106 m3/year. Outfitting 50% of municipal wastewater plants for lipid extraction and transesterification could result in enough biodiesel
production to replace 0.5% of the national petroleum diesel demand (0.7 × 106 m3). 相似文献
50.
A flow cell was used for the in situ ESR monitoring of the state and reactivity of chromium ions in Cr-ZSM-5. Calcination of Cr(NO3)3/NH4-ZSM-5 in air at 500°C is accompanied by migration of chromium ions inside the zeolitic channels and stabilization ofisolated Cr5+ cations near lattice A13+ ions. Calcination of Cr-ZSM-5 at 750°C leads to a gradual disappearance of the isolated Cr5+ cations and formation of -Cr2O3 microcrystals. All the Cr5+ cations are accessible to gas-phase molecules: O2 strongly broadens the dipole-dipole signal; H2O sorption increases the local crystal field symmetry; admission of CCl4 results in a small change of the Cr5+ local coordination; strongly stabilized complexes on Cr-ZSM-5 are observed upon sorption of either NO or NO2. The sorption of C2H6 on Cr-ZSM-5 at 20°C is accompanied by a gradual reduction of the Cr5+ sites. At 500°C in [C3H6 + O2 + He] flow, even at a large excess of oxidant, the reduction of a noticeable part of Cr5+ ions takes place. At 400°C, in the same gas mixtures, a deeper reduction of Cr5+ occurs. Closer to stoichiometric conditions, in a [C3H6 + NO + He] flow with 120% excess of oxidant the Cr5+ is completely reduced at 500°C. The oxidation of propene is accompanied by coke deposition on the surface of the catalyst. The implications of the results are discussed. 相似文献