球形磷酸铁锂材料的制备及其18650电池的测试

采用高能球磨和喷雾干燥法制备了球形磷酸铁锂材料LFP-1,并制作18650实装电池,测试电极片的压实密度,同时选择一种商业化磷酸铁锂材料LFP-2作为对比。测试结果显示,2种LFP材料均由平均粒径为300~500 nm的一次颗粒组成,比表面积为13~15 m²/g,碳质量分数为1.5%左右。通过CR2032纽扣型电池充放电测试表明,在0.2C时,LFP-1的比放电容量约为165 mA·h/g,与商业化磷酸铁锂材料LFP-2相近。制备18650电池的结果表明,商业化磷酸铁锂LFP-2材料制备的电极片的最高压实密度可以达到2.52 g/cm³,显著高于实验室制得的磷酸铁锂材料LFP-1的最高压实密度2.25 g/cm³,这可能与材料的颗粒粒度分布不同有关。     

Low-temperature methanol synthesis in a circulating slurry bubble reactor

A circulating slurry bubble reactor was developed to synthesise methanol via methyl formate from the gas mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at low temperature. The strategy for designing and scaling up the bubble reactor involved a preliminary understanding of fluid dynamics in a cold model, continuous operations under industrial conditions and a parallel experiment in an autoclave. Per-pass syngas conversion was investigated during 100-h operations. The axial profile of solid catalyst concentration was measured just before the shutdown and the composition of liquid product was analysed after the shutdown. These results show that the circulating slurry bubble column will become a potential reactor for the commercial process of low-temperature methanol synthesis after the catalyst system has been improved.     

氨内参比法测定尿素熔融液中缩二脲含量

研究了尿素熔融液中缩二脲含量测定时各种消除氨干扰的方法，确定了氨内参比法可作为消除氨干扰的最佳方法，完善了该法应用时的具体操作步骤，建立了一个适用于尿素合成各工段尿液中缩二脲含量测定的简单、快速、准确的分析方法。     

尾矿和Na_2O对包钢稀选尾矿微晶玻璃的影响

利用熔融浇注法对包钢稀选尾矿微晶玻璃在生产过程中的流动性进行了研究,利用DSC,XRD,SEM等手段研究了尾矿和Na2O含量对微晶玻璃的析晶特性及其他物理性能的影响.结果表明,当其它成分不变时,随着尾矿含量的增加,流动性增强;当其它成分不变时,随着Na2O含量的增加,流动性增强;在本实验条件下,尾矿加入量较佳范围为40%~50%;Na2O较佳范围为3%~6%.     

旋流板塔煤浆法烟气脱硫研究

煤浆法烟气脱硫是以煤浆洗涤含二氧化硫的烟气,二氧化硫溶于浆液形成亚硫酸,煤中黄铁矿与亚硫酸、氧气发生反应,亚硫酸被氧化为硫酸,从而实现烟气脱硫.反应过程中,煤中的黄铁矿硫也被转化为硫酸而浸出,反应产生的Fe3＋/Fe2＋又对脱硫反应起到了催化剂的作用.以旋流板塔为吸收设备,研究了煤浆法烟气脱硫过程中浆液温度、液气比、空塔气速及浆液固液比等操作参数对脱硫率的影响规律.试验表明,在其他条件不变的情况下,适当提高液气比、空塔气速及浆液固液比均有利于提高脱硫效果.随着烟气脱硫过程的进行,脱硫浆液中的总铁含量不断增加,说明煤中黄铁矿被不断浸出,故此法在脱除烟气中的二氧化硫的同时也降低了煤中黄铁矿硫含量.     

离心式杂质泵蜗壳内部流场数值模拟

利用计算流体动力学分析软件,对离心式杂质泵的内部流场进行了数值模拟.计算了颗粒直径为0.076mm,固相体积分数为10%的两相流工况下的三维湍流流场,得到了蜗壳内的速度、压力和固相体积分数分布等流动信息.计算结果表明：自进口至最大半径处蜗壳内的速度不断减小,压力逐渐增大,颗粒体积分数随半径增大而增大.     

水煤浆加压气化有关堵塞问题的探讨

通过对水煤浆加压气化装置中堵塞问题的原因分析 ,提出了具体的技术改造措施 ,并从操作方法上加以改进和调整     

Reducing N losses (NH3, N2o, N2) and immobilization from slurry through optimized application techniques

In model, pot and field trials the effect of C reduced slurries and different application techniques on N losses and N immobilization were investigated. The C reduced slurries were produced by mechanical separation. Ammonia losses from surface-applied and injected cattle slurry were measured under field conditions using a wind tunnel system. Injection of slurry was the most efficient way to reduce volatilization of ammonia. After 6 days the total loss from the injected slurry was only 9% of that from surface band application. Furthermore, additional losses of N may occur through denitrification, specially after injection of slurry which may create an anaerobic environment abundant in readily oxidizable C. Therefore denitrification measurements by the acetylene inhibition technique were conducted. Until 100 days after application the loss from the injected slurry was 7.3 kg compared to 4.5 kg N ha^–1 from surface band applied slurry. After injection, denitrification was only 4.1 kg N ha^–1 for C reduced compared to 6.5 kg N ha^–1 for normal slurry. In pot trials the ammonium-¹⁵N of normal slurry and C-reduced slurry was utilized by oats between 52 and 60%, the ammonium sulfate by 67%. The increased biomass C confirmed a greater immobilization of the NH₄-N of the normal slurry resulting in a lower initial efficiency.Dedicated to Prof. Dr. A. Amberger on his 75th birthday     

煤间接液化技术及其发展状况

介绍了煤间接液化技术的特点,从其原理、工艺路线、关键技术及发展现状等方面对间接液化技术进行了详细的阐述,指出发展煤间接液化是解决我国油品短缺的根本途径。     

基于微藻培养的沼液处理相关耦合技术进展

基于微藻培养的沼液处理相关耦合技术是近些年沼液资源化处理利用领域的研究热点。本文综述了沼液处理与CO₂固定耦合技术、沼液处理与高值生物质生产耦合技术、沼液处理与生态农业耦合技术等耦合技术的研究发展现状与优缺点，并指出了各耦合技术发展的关键问题，如沼液处理与CO₂固定耦合技术中高CO₂耐受性藻株选育与固碳影响机理研究问题、沼液处理与高值生物质生产耦合技术中低成本、低能耗高值生物质生产技术开发问题、沼液处理与生态农业耦合技术系统性评价体系缺乏问题等。最后，为促进耦合技术突破现有瓶颈，从微藻选育、微藻培养、沼液处理与沼气工程综合经济性4个角度提出相关的建议。