气液喷发动能弹侵彻混凝土靶的数值模拟

采用FEM法与SPH法相结合的一种耦合算法对气液喷发动能弹侵彻混凝土靶开展了数值模拟,阐述了计算的基本思想及计算中的一些关键问题,如喷发物的生成、单元转化、界面附近的耦合计算等。计算结果表明：喷发可以增强侵彻弹的侵彻效果;与不喷发弹相比,喷发弹的侵彻深度和对靶板的破坏程度都有明显的提高。     

腔镜下腋窝淋巴结清扫与传统手术的对比研究

目的 探讨腔镜下腋窝淋巴结清扫术的安全性、可行性,并对患者术手上肢功能状况进行评价.方法 比较32例乳腺癌腔镜下腋窝淋巴结清扫术（腔镜组）与35例乳腺癌传统腋窝淋巴结清扫术（传统组）的术中出血量、手术时间和淋巴结清扫数目;术后3个月随访上肢情况,比较2组患侧上肢的感觉、运动功能和水肿情况.结果 腔镜组术中出血量为（36.25±6.96）mL,显著少于传统组的（68.29±17.45）mL（P＜0.01）;腔镜组手术时间为（186.41±13.81）min,显著长于传统组的（158.86±16.09）min（P＜0.01）;2组手术淋巴结清扫数目差异无统计学意义[（16.00±3.47）枚比（16.86±2.94）枚,P＞0.05].术后3个月随访患侧上肢情况,感觉异常、运动受限和上肢水肿发生率腔镜组分别为18.75%、6.25%和9.37%,传统组分别为65.71%、28.57%和28.57%,腔镜组患侧上肢感觉异常、运动受限及上肢水肿者明显少于传统组（P＜0.01或P＜0.05）.结论 腔镜下腋窝淋巴结清扫手术安全、可行,具有微创、美观、上肢功能好等优点.     

多影像成像技术联合应用对早期周围型肺癌的诊断价值

目的 综合分析增强CT、高分辨率CT（HRCT）及18F-FDG PET/CT影像学资料,以评价不同影像学方法对早期周围型肺癌的诊断价值.方法 对32例临床疑为早期周围型肺癌患者分别行动态CT增强、HRCT、PET/CT检查.以病理结果为最终诊断的金标准,计算这3种方法及两两联合检查对诊断早期周围型肺癌的敏感度、特异度和准确率.结果 3种检查方法中PET/CT的敏感度、特异度和准确率最高,两两联合检查中PET/CT和增强CT的敏感度、特异度、准确率较高,且优于任一种单一检查方法.结论 多种影像成像技术联合应用,可提高早期周围型肺癌诊断的准确率,尤其是PET/CT和增强CT的联合应用.     

医药工业洁净厂房固体制剂车间暖通节能设计分析

本文以北京某大型药厂新建固体制剂车间设计方案为例,对各常用的节能手段应用的可行性进行了分析。     

Topology optimization of transient problem with maximum dynamic response constraint using SOAR scheme

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering - This paper proposes a novel method for the continuum topology optimization of transient vibration problem with maximum dynamic response constraint. An...     

腹腔镜下CA724表达与新辅助化疗在进展期胃癌中的应用

目的:探索CA724表达与新辅助化疗结合腹腔镜D2根治术治疗进展期胃癌疗效及预后的相关性。方法:回顾性分析我院2017年1月-2018年1月期间收治的局部进展期胃癌患者68例临床资料,根据治疗方案的不同分为对照组30例、研究组38例,对照组采取单纯腹腔镜D2根治术治疗,研究组在腹腔镜D2根治术的基础上结合新辅助化疗治疗,对比两组总有效率、预后情况、CA724表达水平以及阳性率差异,采用Spearman相关性分析法检验CA724水平与患者疗效及预后的关系。结果:研究组患者的总有效率(60.53%)高于对照组患者(43.33%),但差异无统计学意义(χ²=1.989,P=0.158);研究组患者的3年生存率(78.95%)明显高于对照组患者(56.67%),复发转移率(18.42%)则明显低于对照组患者(46.67%),差异有统计学意义(χ²=3.899、6.266,P=0.048、0.012);两组患者术后的CA724表达水平和阳性率均较本组治疗前明显下降,且研究组的下降幅度大于对照组(χ²/t=5.643、6.546,P<0.001);CA724的表达平与患者的疗效及三年生存率呈负相关(r=-0.625、-0.732和-0.832、-0.839,P均<0.001),与患者的复发、转移率呈正相关(r=0.662和0.873,P均<0.001)。结论:血清CA724的表达水平及阳性率变化可在一定程度上反映行新辅助化疗结合腹腔镜D2根治术治疗进展期胃癌患者的疗效及预后情况,当CA724的表达水平及阳性率较低时,提示患者的疗效及预后情况较好,具有一定的临床意义。     

GPU‐assisted real‐time coupling of blood flow and vessel wall

The vessel wall and the blood flow interact and influence each other, and real‐time coupling between them is of great importance to the virtual surgery as well as the research and diagnosis of vascular disease. On the basis of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), we present a new approach to solve non‐Newtonian viscous force of blood and a parallel mixed particles‐based coupling method for blood flow and vessel wall. Meanwhile, we also design a proxy particle‐based vessel wall force visualization method. Our method is as follows. Firstly, we solve the non‐Newtonian viscous forces of blood through the SPH method to discretize the Casson equation. Secondly, in each time step, we combine blood particles and sampling proxy particles on the blood vessel wall to form mixed particles and calculate the interaction forces through the SPH method between every pair of the neighboring mixed particles inside the graphics processing unit. Thirdly, the forces of the proxy particles will be mapped to the color display of the proxy particle. Experimental results demonstrate that our method is able to implement real‐time sizeable coupling of blood flow and vessel wall while mainly ensuring physical authenticity and it can also provide real‐time and obvious information about vessel wall force distribution. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The risks from airborne asbestos in the urban environment

The objective of this full‐scale study is to determine the treatment performance of the activated sludge process for treating low strength municipal wastewater. The plant is located in Painesville, Ohio, and discharges its treated effluent into Grand River. The average plant wastewater flow was 3.43 MGD (million gallons per day). The plant performance was evaluated for a 12‐month period in 1989. The low strength municipal wastewater contained 104 mg/L TSS (total suspended solids), 105 mg/L BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), 17.76 mg/L TKN (total kjeldahl nitrogen), 9.66 mg/L NH₃‐N, and 3.90 mg/L P (phosphorus). The treatment performance after various degrees of treatment is as follows: primary treatment: 30% BOD and 54% TSS removal, secondary treatment: 97% BOD and 87% TSS removal, and tertiary treatment: 98% BOD and 98% TSS removal. The primary effluent contained 73 mg/L BOD and 48 mg/L TSS; the secondary effluent contained 3 mg/L BOD and 13 mg/L TSS; and the final effluent contained 2 mg/L BOD and 2 mg/L TSS. The effluent contained 0.22 mg/L NH₃‐N and 0.49 mg/L P, which were far below the US EPA standard of 10 mg/L BOD, 10 mg/L TSS, 1 mg/L NH₃‐N, and 1 mg/L P.