Persistence of nonprotein seed amino acid s-(β-carboxyethyl)-cysteine in young leaves ofCalliandra rubescens Ecological implications

The insecticidal nonprotein amino acid S-(-carboxyethyl)-cysteine (S-CEC) is the major free amino acid in the seeds of severalCalliandra spp. where it accounts for up to 2.9 % of dry weight. Lesser amounts of other related S-containing amino acids and an array of nonprotein imino acids derived from pipecolic acid are other constituents. High concentrations of imino acids, which also show insecticidal activity, are maintained in the mature leaves, but sulfur compounds are lacking. In this study the disappearance of S-CEC from the germinating seeds and young seedlings ofC. rubescens was monitored over time. After 10 weeks, S-CEC continues to be found in high concentrations in the stems and new leaves. As young leaves mature, sulfur compounds quickly decrease in concentration. Traces of S-CEC are found in new leaves of plants up to nine months after germination. Whether high concentration of S-CEC in young leaves is due to transportation from the seed or de novo synthesis is unclear. The ecological implications are discussed.     

固体酸催化合成苯甲酸正丁酯

论述了利用对甲苯磺酸，磺化苯磷酸锆，六水三氯化铁，氧化亚锡，十二水合硫酸铁铵，一水硫酸氢钠，固体超强酸和杂多酸等各种固体催化剂催化合成苯甲酸正丁酯的方法。研究发现：各种催化剂的催化效果良好，酯收率达74％以上，有的甚至达97.8％。同时对各种催化剂的催化机理进行了初步探讨，对各种固体酸的催化效果也进行了比较。     

我国二氧化硫氧化制硫酸的钒催化剂现状和展望

从钒催化剂的生产、市场、开发、质量等方面分析我国二氧化硫氧化制硫酸催化剂的现状，指出我国钒催化剂与国外产品存在的差距和原因，提出发展钒催化剂的对策。     

钨锗酸的催化脱水反应

报道了钨锗酸对醇脱水成醚或成烯的催化反应。     

A SIMPLE METHOD FOR STUDYING THE KINETICS OF GAS-SOLID REACTIONS IN A FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

A methodology for studying the kinetics of gas-solid reactions in a fluidized bed reactor is presented. This procedure is based on the analysis of the response of the system (flue gases) when batches of solids of different weight are added to the reactor. The method has been applied to the study of limestone particle calcination. The calcination rate constants obtained are in good agreement with those found in the literature. The method offers the advantage of simplicity and avoids the use of model assumptions or empirical correlations.     

羟基烷基磺酸镀液电镀Sn—Pb合金的研究

我国自行研制生产的羟基烷基磺酸电镀Sn-Pb合金镀液已经在部分厂家投产使用.生产实践证明,该镀液能获得不同铅含量的、可焊性优良且镀层结晶细致而光亮的Sn-Pb合金镀层.本研究重点测定了该镀液的电化学性能,如阴极电流效率、分散能力及深镀能力.并对添加剂的作用进行了研究探讨.     

D.s.c. investigation of the states of water in poly(vinyl alcohol-co-itaconic acid) membranes

The state of water in water-swollen poly(vinyl alcohol-co-itaconic acid) membranes, having various water contents from 0.31 to 0.83, was investigated by d.s.c. measurements and compared with those in water-swollen poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes. The amount of freezing water in the membranes was estimated by use of a relationship between the phase transition temperature and the enthalpy of the crystallization of supercooled water. The melting temperature of the water in the membranes immersed in urea and NaCl 0–2 mol l^?1 aqueous solutions was also determined by d.s.c. analysis. The present study proposes a method for estimating the solubilities of urea and NaCl in both of the freezing and the non-freezing water using the melting point depression of the freezing water in the membranes immersed in the solute solution.     

Experimental research and prediction of the effect of chemical and biogenic sulfuric acid on different types of commercially produced concrete sewer pipes

New equipment and procedures for chemical and microbiological tests, simulating biogenic sulfuric acid corrosion in sewerage systems, are presented. Subsequent steps of immersion and drying, combined with mechanical abrasion, were applied to simulate events occurring in sewer systems. Both chemical and microbiological tests showed that the aggregate type had the largest effect on degradation. Concrete with limestone aggregates showed a smaller degradation depth than did the concrete with inert aggregates. The limestone aggregates locally created a buffering environment, protecting the cement paste. This was confirmed by microscopic analysis of the eroded surfaces. The production method of concrete pipes influenced durability through its effect on W/C ratio and water absorption values. In the microbiological tests, HSR Portland cement concrete performed slightly better than did the slag cement concrete. A possible explanation can be a more rapid colonisation by microorganisms of the surface of slag cement samples. A new method for degradation prediction was suggested based on the parameters alkalinity and water absorption (as a measure for concrete porosity).     

酸增殖源及其在化学增幅抗蚀剂体系中的应用

介绍了酸增殖机理、酸增殖源的种类、典型化合物在化学增幅抗蚀剂体系中的应用及对灵敏度的提高 ,提出在计算机直接制版版材研究中的应用     

Synthesis of Pseudoionones by Acid and Base Solid Catalysts

The preparation of pseudoionones by aldol condensation reaction between citral and acetone have been carried out in the presence of acid (HY and beta zeolites), an acid–base (amorphous aluminophosphate) and basic catalysts such as an aluminophosphate oxynitride, MgO and different activated hydrotalcites. The results showed that acid or acid–base catalysts were not successful for performing in one pot the preparation of ionones. MgO and calcined hydrotalcites showed excellent activity and selectivity to pseudoionones, with calcined hydrotalcite more selective than MgO. Moreover, the rate of reaction can be improved by activating the hydrotalcite through rehydration. This activation can be successfully done by simply adding the optimum amount of water to the calcined hydrotalcite before reaction. The inhibiting effect of the concentration citral on the catalytic activity of rehydrated hydrotalcites that has been reported to occur at 273 K can be avoided by working at a reaction temperature of 333 K.