Study of amperometric diffusion solid-state electrolyte cell operating regimes

Different operating regimes are considered for operation of an amperometric diffusion solid-state electrolyte cell for measuring the volume fraction of oxygen. The design of an oxygen sensor is described. Experimental results confirm the efficiency of the proposed diffusion solid-state electrolyte cell for measuring oxygen in the range of 98–100%. Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 10, pp. 64–65, October, 2008.     

二维磁性材料与自旋系统研究进展

自旋系统是一类基于电子自旋工作的器件,具有高速、低功耗等优点,其中磁存储器被认为是下一代存储器的领跑者之一。二维材料有着天然的界面性能优势,接近微缩极限的尺寸特点,以及二维结构带来的物理特性,在自旋系统中有望得到广泛运用。本文概述了二维材料在自旋领域的最新研究进展,介绍了一些常见的二维磁性材料,讨论了基于二维材料的二维自旋器件,以及回顾了基于二维材料的磁性调控,最后总结了这一领域仍然面临的挑战,并对未来发展进行了展望。     

蓝色荧光粉K(Na)BaBP2O8:Eu2+的制备与发光特性

采用高温固相法在还原气氛中合成K(Na)BaBP₂O ₈:Eu²⁺系列硼磷酸盐蓝色荧光粉,研究煅烧温度 以及用Na⁺掺杂替换K⁺对荧光粉晶体结构和发光性能的影响。利用热重-示差扫描量热 (TG-DSC)、X射 线衍射(XRD)、荧光(PL)光谱和色坐标(CIE)等手段确定了 荧光粉的合成温度,并对荧光粉的晶体 结构和发光性能进行表征。结果表明,800～875℃制备的KBaBP₂O ₈:0.03Eu²⁺荧光粉具有KBaBP₂O₈纯相 结构,属于四方晶系,空间群I42d,荧光粉的最佳合 成温度为875℃。K(Na)BaBP₂O₈:Eu²⁺系列荧光粉 可被波长为365nm的近紫外光有效激发,与InGaN芯片( 350~410nm)相匹配;其发射光谱为 400~650nm的不对称宽带,发射峰位于456nm 左右,对应Eu²⁺的4f^65d1-4f⁷-5d⁰跃迁。利用van Uitert经 验公式计算了Eu²⁺取代KBaBP₂O₈中Ba²⁺和K⁺时所占的晶体学格位,得出 449.4nm、439.1nm两个发射属 于Eu²⁺占据8配位的Ba²⁺和K⁺的5d-4f跃迁发射 ,511.0、506.7nm两个发射属于Eu²⁺ 占据6配位的 Ba²⁺和K⁺的5d-4f跃迁发射。用适量Na⁺替换K⁺可 以明显提高荧光粉的发光强度,其最佳掺杂摩尔比例为 Na/K=0.35/0.65,此时荧光粉的主晶相没有改变,但XRD衍射峰向大角度方向偏移。K(Na)Ba BP₂O₈:Eu²⁺ 荧光粉的CIE点可落在从蓝光到蓝白光区域,在近紫外LED应 用中可以根据实际需要灵活选择。     

CAN总线嵌入式系统在发射机中的应用

介绍了一种适用于固态发射系统的嵌入式系统设计及应用。该系统通过采用单片机与CPLD技术的有机结合设计，运用CAN总线技术，实现控制系统对数量众多的工作状态信息、故障信息的实时监测与通信控制。文中分别从冗余双监控系统设计、单片机嵌入式系统、CPLD的应用、CAN总线技术以及针对RF高功率所采取的电磁兼容设计考虑等不同方面对其工作原理进行了详细阐述。     

A Stable Polymer-based Solid-State Lithium Metal Battery and its Interfacial Characteristics Revealed by Cryogenic Transmission Electron Microscopy

Solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) are a promising candidate for next-generation energy storage systems due to their intrinsic safety and high energy density. However, they still suffer from poor interfacial stability, which can incur high interfacial resistance and insufficient cycle lifespan. Herein, a novel poly(vinylidene fluoride‑hexafuoropropylene)-based polymer electrolyte (PPE) with LiBF₄ and propylene carbonate plasticizer is developed, which has a high room-temperature ionic conductivity up to 1.15 × 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ and excellent interfacial stability. Benefitting from the stable interphase, the PPE-based symmetric cell can operate for over 1000 h. By virtue of cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM) characterization, the high interfacial compatibility between Li metal anode and PPE is revealed. The solid electrolyte interphase is made up of an amorphous outer layer that can keep intimate contact with PPE and an inner Li₂O-dominated layer that can protect Li from continuous side reactions during battery cycling. A LiF-rich transition layer is also discovered in the region of PPE close to Li metal anode. The feasibility of investigating interphases in polymer-based solid-state batteries via Cryo-TEM techniques is demonstrated, which can be widely employed in future to rationalize the correlation between solid-state electrolytes and battery performance from ultrafine interfacial structures.     

In Situ Conversion Reaction Triggered Alloy@Antiperovskite Hybrid Layers for Lithiophilic and Robust Lithium/Garnet Interfaces

Garnet-type electrolytes demonstrate promising prospects in the field of solid-state lithium batteries owing to their superior ionic conductivity and high (electro)chemical stability toward Li metal, whereas the critical issue of Li dendrite growth and even infiltration throughout garnets limits their practical applications. Herein, a hybrid interlayer consisting of Li₃Bi alloy embedded in antiperovskite-type Li₃OCl matrix is in situ constructed at Li/Li_6.75La₃Zr_1.75Ta_0.25O₁₂ interface by taking the conversion reaction of BiOCl with Li metal. The lithiophilic nature of such interlayer enables an intimate contact of garnet against Li metal, guaranteeing a dramatically reduced interfacial resistance of 27 Ω cm². In addition, the inside electron-conducting Li₃Bi nanoparticles homogenize the interfacial potential distribution, while the outside ion-conducting Li₃OCl matrix with a bandgap of 5.06 eV blocks electron tunneling from Li bulk. Profiting from such synergistic effect, the resultant Li symmetric cell displays a high critical current density of 1.1 mA cm⁻², along with an ultralong cycling life of 1000 h at 0.5 mA cm⁻². Furthermore, the corresponding solid LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂/Li cell delivers a high cycling stability for 150 times accompanied by a capacity retention of 82%. This study puts forward a potential solution for construction of functional layers at Li/garnet interfaces by making use of in situ conversion reaction.     

Incombustible Polymer Electrolyte Boosting Safety of Solid-State Lithium Batteries: A Review

Lithium-ion batteries with their portability, high energy density, and reusability are frequently used in today's world. Under extreme conditions, lithium-ion batteries leak, burn, and even explode. Therefore, improving the safety of lithium-ion batteries has become a focus of attention. Researchers believe using a solid electrolyte instead of a liquid one can solve the lithium battery safety issue. Due to the low price, good processability and high safety of the solid polymer electrolytes, increasing attention have been paid to them. However, polymer electrolytes can also decompose and burn under extreme conditions. Moreover, lithium dendrites are formed continuously due to the uneven charge distribution on the surface of the lithium metal anode. A short circuit caused by a lithium dendrite can cause the battery to thermal runaway. As a result, the safety of polymer solid-state batteries remains a challenge. In this review, the thermal runaway mechanism of the batteries is summarized, and the batteries abuse test standard is introduced. In addition, the recent works on the high-safety polymer electrolytes and the solution strategies of lithium anode problems in polymer batteries are reviewed. Finally, the development direction of safe polymer solid lithium batteries is prospected.     

On the design considerations of solid-state power amplifiers for satellite communications: A systems perspective

Conventional solid-state power amplifier (SSPA) design approach isolates radio frequency (RF) design from communication theory. In this paper, a unified SSPA design approach is proposed, which optimizes SSPA parameters (bias voltage and input RF signal power) to minimize total DC power consumption while satisfying received SNR constraint specified by the link budget. The effect of SSPA nonlinearity is quantified by the error vector magnitude measured at its output and the corresponding received SNR degradation is analyzed. Using the quantitative metrics for received SNR, it is possible to evaluate highly nonlinear SSPA classes such as Class-B or deep-Class AB, which are normally not considered in conventional SSPA design approach to be used in satellite communication applications.     

热效应对三向侧面泵浦DPL中TEM00模输出功率的影响

以三向侧面泵浦时晶体内泵浦光强分布为基础 ,数值计算了三向侧面泵浦DPL中热效应引起的热致衍射损耗随泵浦功率、腔模束腰半径和泵浦光束腰半径的变化规律。进一步讨论了热效应存在时的泵浦功率、腔模束腰半径和泵浦光束腰半径对TEM0 0 模输出功率的影响。从计算结果看出 ,热致衍射损耗使输出功率明显降低。泵浦功率、腔膜束腰半径和泵浦光束腰半径对输出功率都有不同程度的影响。文中还用小孔光阑选TEM0 0 模 ,进行了输出功率随泵浦功率变化的实验 ,实验结果与数值计算结果非常接近。     

稳定的简单结构被动调Q单脉冲单纵模激光器

以激光二极管(LD)环形阵列侧面抽运Nd:YLF棒高增益放大器模块为基础，在经典的平凹驻波腔中加人一片Cr^4 ：YAG晶体作为被动Q开关，利用被动Q开关本身所具有的振荡选模功能以及两端不镀膜的Nd：YLF棒所具有的标准具效应，简便地实现了稳定的单脉冲、单纵模调Q输出。振荡器输出脉冲平均宽度为9．3ns，脉冲宽度稳定性达到8％(RMS)；输出脉冲平均能量为1．218mJ；单脉冲能量稳定度优于3％(RMS)，对应峰值功率达到O．13MW。同时该振荡器长时间工作过程中单纵模输出几率始终优于99％，这种单纵模振荡器结构简单，性能稳定可靠，适合于实际应用以及产品化。