Recovery of indium and lead from lead bullion

Lead and indium were recovered by electrolysis and nonequilibrium solvent extraction process from lead bullion.The effects of current density,electrolytic period and circle amnant of electrolyte on the electrochemical dissolution of lead and indium were investigated.The effects of extraction phase ratio and mixing time on solvent extraction of indium and striping phase ratio and stripping stage on the loaded organic phase stripping were also investigated.The experimental results indicate that under optimum conditions,the purity of lead deposited on cathode is 98.5% and the deposit rate of lead is 99.9%,the dissolution rate of indium is 94.28%,the extraction rate of indium is 98.69%,the stripping rate of indium is almost 100%,and the impurity elements,such as Zn,Fe and Sn can be removed.     

有机硅膜分离润滑油中脱蜡溶剂的机理研究

利用气相色谱法,在348．15～368．15K温度,测定了正己烷、正庚烷、正癸烷、甲苯和丁酮溶剂在有机硅膜中的无限稀释扩散系数,结合Vrentas-Duda自由体积模型计算得到溶剂／有机硅膜体系溶剂有限浓度扩散系数,在理论上预测了不同溶剂在有机硅膜中扩散特性对膜分离性能的影响,在实验和理论两个方面,为进一步研究有机硅膜分离机理打下了基础．     

The Improvement of the Quality of Raffinate Obtained from Solvent Extraction of Lubricating Oils

Abstract

Vacuum distillates of an Egyptian crude oil were subjected to solvent extraction process applying N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and furfural as dearomatization solvents. The study shows that the extraction solvent together with the temperature and solvent-to-oil ratio have a significant effect on the yield and quality of produced lubricating oils. The optimum temperature for extracting light waxy distillates with NMP is 55°C at the solvent-to-feed ratio 2:1. These conditions are appropriate to remove the major portion of aromatics from the raffinate. The apparent activation energy (Ea), enthalpy (ΔH*), entropy (ΔS*), and free energy of activation (ΔG*) were calculated for the solvent dearomatization process.     

位阻胺选择性配方溶剂尾气处理装置工业应用

为了解决常规甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)脱硫溶剂在低压下脱硫效果不理想,导致排放尾气中SO_2浓度升高的问题,利用位阻胺与H_2S反应具有良好活性、同时能较好抑制位阻胺与CO_2反应的特点,研究开发出了位阻胺选择性脱硫配方溶剂,并在处理量为1×10~4m~3/d的装置上进行中间放大试验的基础上,在中国石油西南油气田公司川中油气矿龙岗天然气净化厂硫磺回收加氢尾气脱硫装置上进行了工业应用。在工业应用期间,考察了溶剂在不同吸收塔板数、不同贫液入塔温度、不同溶液循环量等条件下的吸收性能,还考察了脱硫溶液的再生性能,确定了较适宜的工艺操作参数。应用1年后的考核结果表明:(1)该位阻胺选择性脱硫配方溶剂在进尾气脱硫吸收塔气体中H_2S含量为0.77%～3.96%、CO_2含量为23.91%～32.79%的气质条件下,可使净化尾气中H_2S含量低于30 mg/m~3;(2)与装置原用的常规MDEA相比,净化尾气中H_2S含量降低58.45%;(3)该位阻胺选择性脱硫配方溶剂的再生性能良好,再生后贫液中H_2S和CO_2含量均小于0.12 g/L。     

半导体元件清洗技术浅谈

随着社会的进步和科学技术的迅猛发展,对洗净技术的要求也越来越高。清洗方式多种多样,但最主要的是突出在喷射清洗和超声波清洗两大方面,应用于全国各行各业,并且也得到了明显进步。     

溶剂对助焊剂性能的影响

选用四种不同的醚与单一醇复配作为溶剂配制出四种助焊剂。通过扩展试验、润湿力试验和表面绝缘电阻测试,评价各种助焊剂的性能。结果表明,溶剂种类对焊料的平均扩展率、润湿性能和表面绝缘电阻均有影响;沸点与焊料熔点相近的溶剂所配助焊剂使焊料具有75.4%的平均扩展率;对活化剂有最好溶解能力的溶剂可提高润湿速率约12.5%。     

降低清洗溶剂挥发浓度的方法

本文论述影响超声清洗设备清洗溶剂的挥发浓的因素，并提出降低清洗溶剂的挥发浓度一些方法。     

油田轻烃加氢生产低芳烃含量溶剂的两种工艺比较

以硫质量分数分别为106μg?g和25μg?g的两种油田轻烃作为原料,比较两种加氢工艺的适用性。工艺Ⅰ采用CoMo?Al2O3加氢脱硫-中温ZnO吸附-Ni?Al2O3加氢脱芳烃的组合工艺;工艺Ⅱ采用Ni?ZnO吸附脱硫串联Ni?Al2O3加氢脱芳烃的组合工艺。结果表明:对于工艺Ⅰ,两种原料在反应初期产品溴指数和芳烃含量均较低,但反应400h和550h后,产物芳烃质量分数大于0.1%;对于工艺Ⅱ,原料硫质量分数为25μg?g时,在1 000h内产品溴指数稳定在16mgBr?(100g)以下,芳烃质量分数稳定在0.09%以下。因此,工艺Ⅱ适合用于硫质量分数低于25μg?g原料的深度加氢生产超低芳烃含量溶剂。