Concentration of tocopherols from soybean sludge by supercritical carbon dioxide

A supercritical fluid extraction method has been applied to test the feasibility of tocopherol concentration from soybean sludge with carbon dioxide at temperatures and pressures ranging from 35 to 70°C and 200 to 400 bar, respectively. The supercritical solubility of the esterified soybean sludge was over 4–6 times greater than that of the original soybean sludge. By a simple batch-type one-stage method the tocopherols in the esterified soybean sludge could be concentrated up to 40 wt%. The overall results of the present study show that soybean sludge initially containing about 13–14 wt% tocopherols may require a countercurrent multistage column to be highly and effectively concentrated.     

TiO_2光催化降解吡啶的研究

以钛酸四丁酯水解法制备TiO2,采用溶胶-凝胶法在膨胀珍珠岩上负载TiO2,在UV-TiO2体系中对水中吡啶进行光催化降解,结果表明:TiO2加入量为1.25mg/mL,吡啶的光催化降解符合一级动力学方程,加入0.2%H2O2可明显加快吡啶的降解速度,吡啶中氮转化为氨氮,珍珠岩负载型TiO2与粉末TiO2具有相同的催化效能,且便于回收和重复使用。     

氧化铝生产赤泥附液吸收H_2S实验研究

对氧化铝生产附产赤泥吸收净化H2 S废气进行了实验研究 ,赤泥附液吸收H2 S具有吸收效率高、吸收容量大、易控制 ,操作简便等优点 ,在较少时间内对H2 S的吸收效率保持在 90 %以上。     

含氰污水处理工程设计体会

龙泉金矿在全泥氰化提金过程中产生含氰化物１７４．７６ｍｇ／Ｌ的洗涤废水，通过碱式氯化法处理后，再由渣浆泵送入尾矿库进行自然净化作用，污水得到进一步净化，尾矿库溢流废水氰化物浓度低于０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ，废水排入小梅溪后，下游第一个居民取水点氰化物浓度低于０．００４ｍｇ／Ｌ，达到了国家规定的标准。     

Thermoplastic extrusion—the mechanism of the formation of extrudate structure and properties

Systems processed by thermoplastic extrusion can be regarded as heterophase polymer melts of incompatible water-plasticized biopolymers. In the process of thermoplastic extrusion, proteins and polysaccharides are melted at high pressure and temperature below the temperature region of their thermal decomposition. Dispersed particles of these systems can be deformed in flow. The mixed-melt anisotropic structure, formed in flow, is fixed by rapid conversion of the melt jet that lets the extruder die from a viscous state to a rubber-like state and then to a glassy state caused by cooling and drying. Incompatibility of proteins and polysaccharides in their water-plasticized melt mixtures impacts on structure formation and texturization during thermoplastic extrusion. Presented at the 20th ISF World Congress and 83rd AOCS Annual Meeting and Expo, May 10–14, 1992, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.     

Enzymatic modification of canola/palm oil mixtures: Effects on the fluidity of the mixture

The bioreactor system to interesterify edible oils and fats at an ultra-micro aqueous phase of 100 ppm and less was investigated. The adsorption of lecithin, together with lipase onto a carrier, was effective for conducting the interesterifying reaction efficiently for oils and fats in micro aqueous phase. To improve the handling properties of palm oil at rather low temperature, palm oil was blended with canola or soybean oil, and then these blended oils were modified by enzymatic selective interesterification in a solvent-free, ultra-micro aqueous bioreactor system with an immobilized lipase that had 1,3-positional specificity. The effects of enzymatic interesterification were confirmed by triglyceride determination, by solid fat content profiles and by cloud point profiles, which were also compared to products of chemical interesterification. The improvement in the fluidity of blended oils with canola oil by the enzymatic reaction was bigger than with soybean oil, and chemical interesterification had no effects on the fluidity of blended oils.     

无磷条件下膜生物反应器处理化工废水

在进水不含磷条件下,对膜生物反应器(MBR)系统的运行情况进行了研究。结果表明:微生物充分利用体内储存的聚磷酸盐及死亡细胞和碎片中的磷进行生长,因此混合液悬浮固体(MLSS)仍能增加,最后稳定在8.5 g/L;化学需氧量(COD)处理效果一直较好;氨氮和总氮去除率可达90％及70％;系统经历了丝状菌膨胀和非丝状菌膨胀两个阶段。在缺磷的情况下,MBR系统的处理结果并未受到很大影响。     

用聚硅酸硫酸铝混凝处理印染废水的研究

该文利用正交法设计实验，以聚合硅酸硫酸铝为混凝剂对印染废水进行了混凝处理研究。研究结果表明，聚合硅酸铝处理印染废水效果较好，其最佳组合方式为：温度40℃，pH值为6，聚合硅酸硫酸铝的投加量为860mg/L，搅拌时间控制为15min。在最优化条件下，COD的除去率为75．0％，获得了较好的效果。     

苎麻脱胶废水处理工艺的试验研究

本文针对苎麻脱胶废水的特点，进行了厌氧－好氧方法处理该废水的试验研究。结果表明：在常温下，当Ｎｖ为３．３３ｋｇＣＯＤ／ｍ＾３．ｄ，进行ＣＯＤ为１００００ｍｌ／Ｌ，ＨＲＴ为７２ｈ，厌氧流化床ＣＯＤ去除率为５０％左右。其出水稀释至１００ｍｇ／Ｌ左右，在０．３４ｋｇＣｏｄ／ｋｇＶＳＳ．ｄ负荷下，经６－８ｈ好氧处理即可达到国家排放标准。     

SE-I型混凝剂在水处理中的应用

利用透射电镜和微孔滤膜超滤法研究了SE -I和PAC混凝剂的结构形貌和相对分子质量分布情况 ;比较了SE -I和PAC混凝处理油田含油废水、煤矿矿井废水和水库水的效果。实验结果表明 ,SE -I较PAC具有更大的枝化度和相对分子质量 ,体现在水处理效果上是SE -I较PAC有更好的除油、除浊、去除COD和脱色效果。SE -I型混凝剂是一种高效水处理剂