Improvement of Coffee Aroma by Removal of Pungent Volatiles Using A-Type Zeolite

Experimental studies were conducted using molecular sieve zeolites to remove pungent smell components from a coffee aroma-containing gas evolved from roasted and ground coffee packed in a percolation vessel. The components such as methyl mercaptan or acetaldehyde were selectively adsorbed from coffee volatiles, and a decrease of pungent odor was recognized on sensory evaluation. The adsorption selectivity was based on pore sizes of adsorbents and molecular sizes of adsorbates. Zeolite 5Å was preferable to 4Å for separation efficiency of methyl mercaptan and recovery yield of residual volatile compounds.     

洗涤助剂--五水偏硅酸钠产品生产的可行性研究报告

文章介绍了无磷洗涤助剂五水偏硅酸钠产品概况、使用性能及做了该产品生产的可行分析研究报告。     

Catalytic performance of Cu- and Zr-modified beta zeolite catalysts in the methylation of 2-methylnaphthalene

2,6-Dimethylnaphthalene(2,6-DMN) is a commercially important chemical for the production of polyethylenenaphthalate and polybutylene naphthalate. However, its complex synthesis procedure and high production cost significantly reduce the use of 2,6-DMN. In this study, the synthesis of 2,6-DMN was investigated with methylation of 2-methylnaphthalene(2-MN) over metal-loaded beta zeolite catalysts including beta zeolite, Cu-impregnated beta zeolite and Zr-impregnated beta zeolite. The experiments were performed in a fixed-bed reactor at atmospheric pressure under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reactor was operated at a temperature range of 400–500 °C and varying weight hourly space velocity between 1 and 3 h~(-1).The results demonstrated that 2,6-DMN can be synthesized by methylation of 2-MN over beta type zeolite catalysts.Besides 2,6-DMN, the product stream also contained other DMN isomers such as 2,7-DMN, 1,3-DMN, 1,2-DMN and 2,3-DMN. The activity and selectivity of beta zeolite catalyst were remarkably enhanced by Zr impregnation, whereas Cu modification of beta zeolite catalyst had an insignificant effect on its selectivity. The highest conversion of 2-MN reached81%, the highest ratio of 2,6-DMN/2,7-DMN reached 2.6 and the highest selectivity of 2,6-DMN was found to be 20% by using Zr-modified beta zeolite catalyst.     

改性HZSM-5分子筛催化正戊烷与甲醇共芳构化反应

采用浸渍法对HZSM-5分子筛进行改性,得到不同金属离子改性的分子筛,并且借助X射线衍射法和吡啶吸附红外光谱法对催化剂性质进行了表征。在固定床微反装置中,以正戊烷与甲醇为共芳构化反应原料,评价了改性HZSM-5分子筛催化剂的反应性能。结果表明:由Zn,Ag,Ni离子改性的催化剂相对结晶度依次为89.30%,88.96%,91.32%;当金属离子负载质量分数为2%时,采用Zn离子改性HZSM-5分子筛(SiO_2/Al_2O_3,摩尔比,38)催化剂,在反应温度为475℃,原料烃质量空速为2.0 h~(-1)及常压条件下,甲醇和正戊烷转化率分别约为100%,92.76%;当甲醇/正戊烷(摩尔比)为1∶1时,正戊烷转化率降至87.89%;甲醇的加入可抑制干气生成;共芳构化反应中存在协同作用,提高了芳烃选择性。在正戊烷与甲醇共芳构化反应中,当金属离子负载质量分数为2%时,与Zn离子改性催化剂相比,Ni或Ag离子改性的正戊烷转化率提高了约10个百分点。     

高岭土/二甲基亚砜插层物合成ZSM-5沸石及表征

引入高岭土/二甲基亚砜插层物(KDC)在水热合成体系下制备ZSM-5沸石复合材料。考察了KDC不同加入量对合成ZSM-5沸石分子筛的影响。采用粉末X射线衍射法、红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重 差热(TG-DTA)、N2静态吸附法、电子扫描电镜和透射电镜对合成的ZSM-5分子筛进行分析表征。结果表明,在合成体系中加入KDC合成的ZSM 5沸石分子筛物相单一,当KDC的加入质量分数为6%时,其相对结晶度达到55%,热稳定性较好,粒径约为5 μm,BET比表面积和孔径分别达到了199 m2/g和6.6 nm,具有介孔结构。     

硅/铝比对Y型分子筛负载贵金属催化剂在甲基环戊烷加氢转化反应中催化性能的影响

以具有不同硅/铝比HY型分子筛为载体,采用浸渍法制备出一系列的Pt/HY双功能催化剂,并对其在甲基环戊烷(MCP)加氢转化反应中的催化性能进行了研究。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、N2吸附-脱附、吡啶红外及NH3程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)等手段对所制催化剂的物化性质进行表征,揭示了催化剂中载体酸性及负载金属对其催化性能的影响。结果表明,双功能Pt/HY催化剂中Pt粒子和载体HY酸活性中心协同催化对甲基环戊烷加氢转化产物分布有很大影响,通过载体HY酸活性中心的数量可对产物分布进行调控,同时具有高B/L酸酸量比值的HY为载体更有利于开环产物和扩环产物的生成。相比于Ir和Ru,Pt与酸中心作用更强,表现出对扩环产物的高选择性。     

MOR@SAPO-11复合分子筛的合成及Pt/MOR@SAPO-11催化剂的加氢异构化性能

采用硅铝源法制备具有核壳结构的复合分子筛MOR@SAPO-11。利用XRD、SEM、N2物理吸附 脱附曲线、NH3-TPD和Py-FTIR等手段对MOR@SAPO-11复合分子筛的晶体结构、分子筛形貌和酸性质进行表征。结果表明,采用硅铝源法制备的复合分子筛MOR@SAPO-11呈现以丝光沸石为核,SAPO-11为壳的核壳结构。相比于单一分子筛MOR、SAPO-11和机械混合物MOR+ SAPO-11,MOR@SAPO-11复合分子筛具有更适宜的酸性和较高的B酸分布。这说明MOR@SAPO-11复合分子筛发生了协同作用,通过物理或者化学作用紧密相连,改善了自身的酸性。在相同的反应条件下,以硅铝源法制备的复合分子筛MOR@ SAPO-11为载体的Pt催化剂异构化活性和异构烃选择性比以单一分子筛和机械混合分子筛为载体的Pt催化剂有明显提高。     

氮取代对环状烃在H-FAU分子筛中吸附性能的影响

催化裂化原料中的含氮杂环化合物吸附能力强、扩散阻力大,是造成分子筛催化剂中毒失活的重要因素。选取吡啶和哌啶两种含氮杂环化合物及与其结构相似的苯和环己烷两种环状烃为模型化合物,采用蒙特卡罗（GCMC）和密度泛函（DFT）方法考察了4种化合物在H-FAU分子筛孔道和酸性位上的吸附行为。结果表明：4种分子主要分布在超笼孔道中,其中两种氮化物的分布更加集中;吸附强度由高到低的顺序为：哌啶＞吡啶＞苯＞环己烷,并且氮化物与分子筛活性位之间是化学吸附,苯和环己烷的吸附是物理吸附。电荷密度分布结果揭示了两种氮化物分子与H质子之间发生不同程度的电荷转移。模拟结果可为分子筛催化剂氮中毒机理的研究提供理论指导。