关于一次风机变频器紧急停车在运行中误动的处理

我公司采用的一次风机变频器配置有就地紧急停车按钮,存在人员误碰的可能,且经咨询其他使用同型号变频器的单位,发生过多起因事故按钮接线松动或按钮接点接触不良而引起变频器误跳闸的事故。为了避免在我公司发生此类事故,需要将变频器就地及远方紧急停车的急停按钮取消。     

Energy performance of traditional bath buildings

This paper presents the results of a recent research effort to collect and analyze data pertaining to traditional bath buildings (“hammams”) in Egypt, Turkey, Morocco, Syria, and Algeria. Thereby, the energy performance of and the thermal comfort conditions in five such buildings were studied. Moreover, empirically calibrated building performance simulation models of a number of objects were generated in order to predict the consequences of alternative thermal retrofit measures. The results provide the opportunity for an objective assessment of the actual energy and indoor environmental performance of these buildings.     

Influence of nitriding on corrosion resistance of martensitic X17CrNi16‐2 stainless steel

Nitriding increases surface hardness and improves wear resistance of stainless steels. However, nitriding can sometimes reduce their corrosion resistance. In this paper, the influence of nitriding on the corrosion resistance of martensitic stainless steel was investigated. Plasma nitriding at 440 °C and 525 °C and salt bath nitrocarburizing were carried out on X17CrNi16‐2 stainless steel. Microhardness profiles of the obtained nitrided layers were examined. Phase composition analysis and quantitative depth profile analysis of the nitrided layers were preformed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and glow‐discharge optical emission spectrometry (GD‐OES), respectively. Corrosion behaviour was evaluated by immersion test in 1% HCl, salt spray test in 5% NaCl and electrochemical corrosion tests in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution. Results show that salt bath nitrocarburizing, as well as plasma nitriding at low temperature, increased microhardness without significantly reducing corrosion resistance. Plasma nitriding at a higher temperature increased the corrosion tendency of the X17CrNi16‐2 steel.     

酸性镀锌溶液中氯化锌的分析方法

制定了测定酸性镀锌溶液中氯化锌的新方法。在pH=5.4的条件下用抗坏血酸掩蔽镀液中的亚铁离子,用氟化铵掩蔽铝离子,用硫脲掩蔽铜离子,以二甲酚橙作指示剂,用EDTA标准滴定溶液滴定锌。实验表明,本法的相对平均偏差为0.09%,回收率为99.24%,精密度和回收率都较高。     

稀土离子对化学镀镍的影响

以镀液稳定性、镀速、镀层光泽度和镀层中磷的质量分数为评价指标,考察La3+、Nd3+和Y3+对柠檬酸体系化学镀镍的影响。结果表明:加入适量的稀土离子,可明显提高镀液的稳定性;当稀土离子的质量浓度为2~4mg/L时,可适当地提高镀速和镀层光泽度;当Y3+的质量浓度为4mg/L时,综合性能最佳。向镀液中添加稀土离子,可起到细化镀层晶粒和改善镀层性能的作用,但镀层中不含稀土元素。     

空气预氧化与盐浴预氧化对盐浴渗氮催渗效果的对比

以45钢为试验材料,采用空气炉和盐浴炉两种方式进行预氧化,随后进行相同工艺的盐浴渗氮处理。对比分析两种预氧化方式对盐浴渗氮效率和组织性能的影响。利用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计、电化学工作站和扫描电镜对样品的显微组织、物相、硬度、耐蚀性和表面形貌进行了测试和分析。预氧化试样表层物相分析发现,盐浴预氧化和空气预氧化处理45钢表面均形成含有Fe_3O_4的氧化膜,但是随着保温时间延长盐浴预氧化处理试样表面氧化膜中的Fe_3O_4含量增速更快、含量更高,且具有更大的比表面积,在随后的渗氮处理中容易被还原。盐浴预氧化(350℃×45 min)后进行盐浴渗氮(560℃×120 min),化合物层厚度达到了20.8μm,显著地提高盐浴渗氮效率,是相同工艺参数空气预氧化后盐浴渗氮所获得化合物层厚的1.6倍。同时能改善渗层组织性能,耐腐蚀性能提高。     

高数值孔径投影光刻物镜的光学设计

针对45nm节点投影光刻物镜的应用,开展了工作波长为193nm的深紫外浸没式高数值孔径(NA)投影光刻物镜的研究和研制。设计了数值孔径(NA)为1.30的离轴三反射镜投影光刻物镜和NA为1.35的同轴两反射镜投影光刻物镜,并对两个设计方案的优劣进行对比分析,选择了同轴式结构作为最终的设计方案。分析了系统在不同NA情况下可变光阑与其远心度之间的关系,提出了用双可变曲面光阑的设计方案来优化系统的远心度。实验表明,应用本文设计方案,光刻物镜的波像差小于1nm,畸变小于1nm;新型的可变光阑使系统NA在0.85~1.35变化时的最大远心度由5.83~17.57mrad降低至0.26~3.21mrad。本文提出的设计方案为45nm节点高数值孔径投影光刻物镜的研制提供了有益的理论依据和指导。     

A close correlation between nucleation sites,growth and final properties of ZnO nanorod arrays: Sol-gel assisted chemical bath deposition process

Different ZnO seed layers are synthesized by changing sol-gel parameters, including precursor concentration, type of solvent, and type of additive in order to systematically investigate the importance of seed layer properties on the nucleation, growth, and final properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod (NR) arrays. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) show the importance of the seed layer on ZnO NRs properties. Results verify that the relative intensity (RI factor) of (002) polar planes in the XRD patterns of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) together with the aspect ratio, density, and alignment of ZnO NRs control the structural characteristics of those arrays. For instance, the RI factor of ZnO NPs and NRs follow the same trend when changing precursor concentration in sol preparation step. However, the importance of other parameters, including aspect ratio, density, and alignment of NRs is confirmed by changing solvent and additive. In addition, FESEM images show that the density of ZnO NRs is proportional to NPs density and inversely proportional to the size of ZnO NPs in the seed layers. Besides, the significant role of wrinkled inter-layer on NRs properties, together with the formation mechanism of that inter-layer are profoundly investigated.     

钙离子对化学镀镍溶液性能的影响

研究了钙离子对化学镀镍镀液的影响,测试了10、30和150mg/L的钙离子对镀液的寿命、稳定性及沉积速率的影响。结果表明,随着镀液中钙离子质量浓度的升高,镀液稳定性下降,使用寿命减短;同时还测试了钙离子对镀层结合力、耐蚀性、耐磨性及镀层显微形貌的影响。结果显示,随着钙离子质量浓度的升高,镀层耐蚀性及光亮性变差,结合力降低。钙离子对化学镀镍具有较大的影响,故在实际生产过程中应严格控制化学镀镍溶液中钙离子的质量浓度。     

自动化脉冲流镀设备及其应用

设计并制造了针对内孔类零件电刷镀修复的自动化脉冲流镀设备,其主要由镀笔主轴、三向数控工作台、镀液分离回收系统、工件夹具(以发动机连杆为例)、控制系统5部分组成。该设备能够为流镀过程提供脉冲(PC)和直流(DC)两种电源,可以精确控制镀笔3个方向的运动轨迹和速率,并能保证工作过程中6种镀液互不混合、循环利用。采用该脉冲流镀设备分别在直流电流和脉冲电流条件下制备了纳米复合镀层。与直流镀所得镀层相比,脉冲镀所得镀层更加均匀致密,Al2O3纳米颗粒含量更高,显微硬度更高,残余应力更低,耐磨性能更佳。