PB-g-SAN共聚物的接枝层厚度对增韧SAN树脂的影响

采用种子乳液聚合方法制备了聚丁二烯接枝丙烯腈苯乙烯共聚物（PB g SAN）,将PB g SAN共聚物与SAN树脂熔融共混获得丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯三元共聚物(ABS),研究了PB g SAN共聚物的接枝层厚度对ABS性能的影响。结果表明,接枝层厚度超过临界值117 nm,接枝层过厚会导致核壳改性剂粒子变硬,模量过高,从而失去了作为增韧改性剂的作用。接枝层厚度低于临界值32 nm,橡胶粒子不能被SAN接枝链完全覆盖,在SAN基体中发生聚集,导致其增韧效果降低。因此,只有改性剂的接枝层厚度介于32 nm和117 nm这两个临界值之间,才能对基体树脂起到有效的增韧作用。     

Initial evaluation of novel polyamide-imides and their copolymers as adhesives

—An adhesive screening study was performed at NASA Langley Research Center on two linear aromatic polyamide-imide (PAI) homopolymers and two linear aromatic PAI copolymers. The homopolymers were made with either of two amide diamines, 3,3'- or 4,4'-diaminobenzanilide (DABA), and 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA). The two copolymers studied were prepared with a combination of 3,3'-DABP and amide diamines. These aromatic PAIs possess high thermal stability because of intermolecular hydrogen bonding and chain stiffness. Lap shear strength (LSS) tests, conducted at room temperature, 177, 204 and 232°C, were the primary criterion for evaluation of the polymers as adhesives. Included in the study were measurements of the glass transition temperature made on fractured specimens for each bonding condition and a visual determination of the type of bond failure for specimens at each test temperature. Of the four adhesive candidates investigated, the best LSS values were obtained with the PAI copolymer identified as LARC-TPI(25% 3,3'-DABA). However, the LSS values were higher for the LARC-TPI polyimide with which the adhesive strengths were compared. The combination of a high molecular weight and the increased interchain electronic interaction associated with the amide group appears to contribute to the poor flow properties observed.     

SYNTHESIS,RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR,AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF GRAFT-TYPE ACS RESIN

Graft-type ACS resin and α-methylstyrene (α-Mst)-containing ACS were synthesized by suspension polymerization. The effect of concentration of initiator and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) on reaction was discussed. The graft efficiency (GE) increased with the increasing concentration of initiator in the first stage, but it began to decrease when the initiator concentration exceeded 3.3–3.5×10^?4mol L^?1. The GE decreased gradually with the increasing concentration of PVA. The rheological behavior, mechanical properties, and morphological structure of resins were studied. The rheological behavior became worse with the increasing content of chlorinated polyethylene and the melt is a pseudo-plastic liquid. The impact strength of graft-type ACS resin increased as the content of chlorinated polyethylene increased. The rheological behavior and impact properties of α-Mst-containing ACS resin got better because of the introduction of α-Mst, and the comprehensive properties was the best at the 5% α-Mst content of ACS resin.     

GRAFT COPOLYMERIZATION OF POLYPROPYLENE COPOLYMER WITH MALEIC ANHYDRIDE: EFFECT OF GRAFTING ON THERMAL,MECHANICAL PROPERTIES,AND PAINTABILITY

Graft copolymerization of polypropylene copolymer (PCP) with maleic anhydride (MA) was studied in melt in Brabender Plasticorder, Twin Screw Extruder by using peroxide initiators, such as benzoyl peroxide (BPO), lauryl peroxide (LPO), luperox-101 (LPU), and dicumyl peroxide (DCP). The variation of MA and initiator concentrations on percent grafting (G), melt flow index (MFI), torque, and gel formation was investigated. Graft copolymers (PgMA and PgMAT) were characterized by FT-IR, DSC, and TGA. Melt flow index increased and torque values decreased with an increase in initiator concentration. The increase in MFI values are in the order: DCP>LUP>BP0>LPO. Maximum chain scission was observed by using DCP and LUP as indicated by their MFI values. The incorporation of MA in PgMA and PgMAT was confirmed by the presence of carbonyl groups at 1712 cm^?1 and a shift in crystallization peak temperature from 113 to 123°C due to nucleating effect of the poly(maleic anhydride). The thermal stability was increased by the presence of PgMA. Addition of PgMAT as an additive to PCP, PCP/PP, and amines improves mechanical properties and paintability. Primary amines are more reactive towards PgMAT compared to tertiary amines.     

An investigation of thermal and mechanical properties of synthesised polyamide-6/γ-alumina composites

Abstract

Polyamide based composites were formed by melt blending of polyamide 6 (PA6) with a γ) -alumina powder toughened with ethylene–octene copolymer grafted by maleic anhydride (EOC-g-MAH) and also without EOC in a corotating twin screw extruder. Mechanical properties, morphological structure and thermal stability of toughened PA6 (PA6-g-EOC) and PA6-g-EOC/alumina composites were investigated in this study.To study the effect of powder loading of γ-alumina on the mechanical properties of the composites such as tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, break point and impact strength, varied amounts of 5, 10 and 15?wt-% were deployed. The toughened PA6–γ-alumina composites, i.e. blended by EOC-g-MAH, revealed higher impact strength and more toughness compared to that of the PA6–γ-alumina composites without EOC-g-MAH. Morphology of the composites was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) from the as moulded specimens. Micrographs showed a fine dispersion of γ-alumina particles in polyamide matrix due to appropriate mixing. Furthermore, thermal stability and degradation characteristics of the toughened PA6–γ-alumina composites were measured by thermogravimetric analysis. The addition of γ-alumina into the polyamide matrix showed an increase in thermal resistance so that thermal stability was increased by a rise in the powder loading.     

丙-叔-醋共聚乳液的研制与应用

通过使用非离子型乳化剂和阴离子型乳化剂组成的复合乳化剂和保护胶体,利用各反应物中丙烯酸酯,叔碳酸乙烯酯憎水性强、抗剪切强度好和较好的内增塑作用的特性,以丙烯酸酯、叔碳酸乙烯酯、醋酸乙烯酯为反应单体进行聚合,采取对混合单体先预乳化后滴加,控制反应过程的方式,制得丙-叔-醋多元共聚乳液,以其为基料,根据乳胶漆的生产需要,加入各种填料和助剂,制成乳胶漆,产品具有良好的耐水、耐酸碱和耐擦洗性,满足优质乳胶漆的应用性能要求。     

乌头酸-丙烯酸共聚物的合成及性能研究

以柠檬酸为原料,经分子内脱水生成乌头酸,与少量丙烯酸合成了乌头酸一丙烯酸共聚物(AA—AA)。对共聚物的阻垢、分散、缓蚀及生物降解性能进行了测试,结果表明,AA—AA不仅有优良的阻垢分散性能,而且具有很好的生物降解性能,28d的生物降解率可达56．73％。     

含PEEM和CuI抗静电涤纶的制备

将含金属的聚醚衍生物(PEEM)和对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(BHET)共聚,另共聚时添加CuI,合成了两种不同的抗静电PET高聚物,通过切片纺丝制备永久性的抗静电PET纤维。结果表明,BHET和质量分数为20%PEEM共聚,所制得PET纤维的体积比电阻为1.24×1010Ω·cm,且可纺性好,当在其聚合体系中加入质量分数为3.8%的Cul时,其体积比电阻下降到6.9×108Ω·cm,抗静电性和可纺性良好。由红外光谱和差热分析验证了PEEM和BHET发生了共聚反应及其反应程度。     

共聚尼龙6/66/1212的表观相图研究

采用显微熔点法测定了尼龙6／尼龙66／尼龙1212共聚物的表观相图,显示了共聚尼龙组分配比对其熔点的决定性作用,并给出共聚尼龙6／66／1212熔点与其各尼龙盐组分配比之间的定量关系。     

PE微观结构的红外光谱实用表征

利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)研究了多种类型以及与不同α-烯烃共聚合的聚乙烯(PE),发现采用FTIR差谱技术可对共聚PE的结构类型定性分析。通过比较甲基1378cm^-3处和亚甲基1369cm^-3处的峰强以及比较不饱和基团在908cm^-1和888cm^-1处的峰强．并分析700～900cm^-1的支链吸收峰．可分别获得判断PE类型及共聚PE结构的信息。此外,通过测算l378cm^-1处的峰强．建立了共聚PE支化度的定量分析曲线。