一种基于三维曲面变形的自由变形算法

在Dirichlet自由变形算法的基础上,针对Dirichlet自由变形方法不适合三维曲面变形的情况,提出了一种基于曲面两点之间最短距离的Dirichlet自由变形算法:算法将三维曲面上求两点之间最短距离问题转化为二维平面上求带权图最短路径问题,用三角面片的面积之和来表示Voronoi单元或部分Voronoi单元面积,并由此给出了一种适合由多边形表示的三维曲面的Voronoi图构造方法及Sibson邻居和Sibson坐标的计算方法;并且用该算法对人脸模型进行局部变换,进一步刻画特定人脸器官的细节特征,最终形成了个性化的三维人脸模型.     

Morphology of Inductively Coupled Plasma Processed HgCdTe Surfaces

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) processing has become the industrial processing standard for HgCdTe and its related II–VI compounds. In this study ICP processes were developed that allow several microns of HgCdTe to be plasma etched while maintaining a low root-mean-square (RMS) roughness, and even improving the surface roughness in the case of HgCdTe-on-Si. These ICP processes are superior to older electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma etches. The resulting ICP plasma processed surfaces are oxygen and carbon free, have a good reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) pattern, and have only a small amount of mercury depletion, x = 0.22 to 0.47 (where x is the ratio of Cd to␣Hg), in the first 25 ? to 30 ? of the HgCdTe. Nanofeatures of the as-grown HgCdTe are retained during the process and are believed to be indicative of the fundamental defect mechanisms in the different HgCdTe etched surfaces. Results from these experiments strongly suggest that ICP plasma processes can be used to delineate pixels, etch vias, clean surfaces, and even produce epi-ready surfaces that would allow HgCdTe to become much more manufacturable, and perhaps allow the replacement of wet processing in HgCdTe.     

Fabrication of a Superhydrophobic Surface from a Smectic Liquid‐Crystal Defect Array

A novel fabrication method is developed for the preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces. The procedure uses focal conic structures of semi‐fluorinated smectic liquid crystals (LCs) whose periodic toric focal conic domains (TFCDs) are prepared on a surface modified substrate. Reactive ion etching (RIE) on the periodic TFCD surface leads to a superhydrophobic surface with a water contact angle of ～160° and a sliding angle of ～2° for a 10 µL water droplet. The results show that this phenomenon is due to the development of a dual‐scale surface roughness arising from the nanoscale protuberance caused by applying the RIE process to the top of the microscale TFCD arrays. The unique surface behavior is further verified by demonstrating that RIE on a flat lamellar liquid crystal film, in which the director is aligned parallel with surface, results in a relatively low hydrophobicity as compared to when periodic TFCDs are subjected to REI. The observations made in this publication suggest that a new approach exists for selecting potential candidates of superhydrophic surface formation based on spontaneous self‐assembly in smectic liquid‐crystalline materials.     

Shape transformer nets: Generating viewpoint-invariant 3D shapes from a single image

Single-view 3D shapes generation has achieved great success in recent years. However, current methods always blind the learning of shapes and viewpoints. The generated shape only fit the observed viewpoints and would not be optimal from unknown viewpoints. In this paper, we propose a novel encoder–decoder based network which contains a disentangled transformer to generate the viewpoint-invariant 3D shapes. The differentiable and parametric Non-uniform B-spline (NURBS) surface generation and 3D-to-3D viewpoint transformation are incorporated to learn the viewpoint-invariant shape and the camera viewpoint, respectively. Our new framework allows us to learn the latent geometric parameters of shapes and viewpoints without knowing the ground truth viewpoint. That can simultaneously generate camera-viewpoint and viewpoint-invariant 3D shapes of the object. We analyze the effects of disentanglement and show both quantitative and qualitative results of shapes generated at various unknown viewpoints.     

基于十字形的改进新型频率选择表面

通过对传统的十字单元进行改进,设计了两种新型单元的频率选择表面( FSS)。利用谱域分析法,从理论上分析了传统十字单元和新型单元FSS,研究了TE 波入射时角度变化和大角度入射下极化方式变化对中心频率的影响。仿真结果表明：在TE 波从 0°～60°以不同角度入射时,传统十字单元的中心频率漂移为420 MHz,两种新型单元中心频率的漂移量分别为180MHz 和210MHz, 减少了1/2 以上;在45°不同极化方式的波入射时,传统十字单元中心频率的漂移量为990MHz,两种新型单元的漂移量为150MHz 和120MHz,减少了2/3 以上。与传统十字单元相比,两种新型FSS 单元均能实现TE 波入射时的角度稳定性和大角度入射时的良好的极化稳定性,为FSS 在天线雷达领域中的应用提供了基础。     

X-ray reflectivity and atomic force microscopy studies of MOCVD grown AlxGa1-xN/GaN superlattice structures

The grazing incidence X-ray reflectivity (GIXR) technique and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were exploited to obtain an accurate evaluation of the surfaces and interfaces for metalorganic chemical vapor deposition grown Al<,x>Ga<,1-x>N/GaN superlattice structures. The X-ray diffraction results have been combined with reflectivity data to evaluate the layer thickness and Al mole fraction in the AIGaN layer. The presence of a smooth interface is responsible for the observation of intensity oscillation in GIXR, which is well correlated to step flow observation in AFM images of the surface. The structure with a low Al mole fraction (x = 0.25) and thin well width has a rather smooth surface for the R<,rms> of AFM data value is 0.45 nm.     

Wearable Superhydrophobic Elastomer Skin with Switchable Wettability

Flexible smart surfaces with tunable wettability are promising for emerging wearable uses. However, currently, wearable superhydrophobic surfaces with dynamic wetting behaviors are rarely reported. Here, a skin‐like superhydrophobic elastomer surface with switchable lotus leaf and rose petal states is reported. Direct laser writing technique is employed for one‐step, programmable, large‐scale fabrication of monolithic and hierarchical micro‐nanostructures on elastomer, leading to strong water repellence. The surface topography can be finely regulated in a rapid and reversible manner by simple stretching, providing the feasibility of controlling the surface wettability by simple body motions. The ability to switch wetting states enables the surface to capture and release multiple droplets in parallel. Furthermore, the active surface can be applied to the joints of fingers and operate as a droplet manipulator under finger motions without requiring energy supply or external appliance. In this work, dynamic tuning of wetting properties is integrated into the design of skin‐like wearable surfaces, revealing great potential in versatile applications such as wearable droplet manipulator, portable actuator, adaptive adhesion control, liquid repellent skin, and smart clothing.     

化学机械抛光后板刷擦洗清洗(英文)

板刷擦洗是一种在化学机械抛光后清洗中常用的方法。它可以非常有效地把研磨剂颗粒从已抛光的晶圆表面去除掉。在氧化硅化学机械抛光的清洗工艺中,去离子水(或者稀释的氢氧化氨)是刷洗过程中常用的化学品起到的作用及刷洗的机械力对去除氧化硅研磨剂颗粒时所起的作用。