石墨烯/碳纤维/芳纶电磁屏蔽纸的制备与性能研究

本研究以耐高温的芳纶短切纤维和芳纶沉析纤维为纸基纤维材料,导电性优良的碳纤维为导电骨架,石墨烯为电磁屏蔽增强材料,结合抄纸和涂布工艺制备得到石墨烯/碳纤维/芳纶电磁屏蔽纸。结果表明,制备的石墨烯/碳纤维/芳纶电磁屏蔽纸具有“三明治结构”,其厚度为333.9 μm时,在X波段的电磁屏蔽效能SE_T高达70.3 dB,电导率高达1 685 S/m,兼有较好的耐高温性和耐腐蚀性。     

Fast and Highly Sensitive Ionic‐Polymer‐Gated WS2–Graphene Photodetectors

The combination of graphene with semiconductor materials in heterostructure photodetectors enables amplified detection of femtowatt light signals using micrometer‐scale electronic devices. Presently, long‐lived charge traps limit the speed of such detectors, and impractical strategies, e.g., the use of large gate‐voltage pulses, have been employed to achieve bandwidths suitable for applications such as video‐frame‐rate imaging. Here, atomically thin graphene–WS₂ heterostructure photodetectors encapsulated in an ionic polymer are reported, which are uniquely able to operate at bandwidths up to 1.5 kHz whilst maintaining internal gain as large as 10⁶. Highly mobile ions and the nanometer‐scale Debye length of the ionic polymer are used to screen charge traps and tune the Fermi level of the graphene over an unprecedented range at the interface with WS₂. Responsivity R = 10⁶ A W^?1 and detectivity D* = 3.8 × 10¹¹ Jones are observed, approaching that of single‐photon counters. The combination of both high responsivity and fast response times makes these photodetectors suitable for video‐frame‐rate imaging applications.     

Rapid growth of angle-confined large-domain graphene bicrystals

In the chemical vapor deposition growth of large-area graphene polycrystalline thin films,the coalescence of randomly oriented graphene domains results in a high density of uncertain grain boundaries (GBs).The structures and properties of various GBs are highly dependent on the misorientation angles between the graphene domains,which can significantly affect the performance of the graphene films and impede their industrial applications.Graphene bicrystals with a specific type of GB can be synthesized via the controllable growth of graphene domains with a predefined lattice orientation.Although the bicrystal has been widely investigated for traditional bulk materials,no successful synthesis strategy has been presented for growing two-dimensional graphene bicrystals.In this study, we demonstrate a simple approach for growing well-aligned large-domain graphene bicrystals with a confined tilt angle of 30° on a facilely recrystallized single-crystal Cu (100) substrate.Control of the density of the GBs with a misorientation angle of 30° was realized via the controllable rapid growth of subcentimeter graphene domains with the assistance of a cooperative catalytic surface-passivation treatment.The large-area production of graphene bicrystals consisting of the sole specific GBs with a tunable density provides a new material platform for fundamental studies and practical applications.     

The production of graphene nano layers by using milling—exfoliation hybrid process

Even though high quality graphene can be produced through chemical exfoliation of Graphite or Expanded graphite (EG), the amount of acquired products is limited. Graphite powders were subjected to a pre-milling process with prevailing shear stress in order to increase the amount of products. Therefore, separation of hexagonal layers through pre-separation process was targeted. The milled powders were firstly mixed in the saturated acid mixture containing H₂SO₄ and HNO₃, and then heated to 950°C. At the end of process, the distance between layers was expanded and the structure called as expanded graphite was obtained. Separation of layers and formation of graphene were provided by stirring expanded graphite within a chemical solvent for a while. The obtained samples were examined by using X-ray analysis, electron microscopy analysis, and Raman spectroscopy analysis. Despite the fact that there is a production method for graphene by chemical exfoliation, addition of the milling into steps of this process is an unusual step. Although a great amount of amorphous structures occurred in the structure at the end of milling process in this study, there were still graphitic structures preserving its hexagonality in the sample even if just a little. Most of amorphous carbon was removed from the structure as a result of applying further steps of process to milled graphite. A great part of graphitic structures apart from amorphous carbon structures were transformed into graphene. Even though amorphous carbon structures and defects were still found in the product, the obtained graphenes were relatively qualified and of high amount.     

LiFePO_4/graphene锂离子电池复合正极材料的制备与性能

通过溶胶-凝胶烧结法制备了LiFePO4/graphene锂离子电池复合正极材料。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、循环伏安(CV)以及各种电化学检测技术对合成材料的结构、形貌进行了表征。LiFePO4/graphene复合材料的表面上和其中的LiFePO4微小颗粒之间都有石墨烯,说明石墨烯与LiFePO4已很好地融合在一起,形成了具有三维空间结构的立体导电网络,大大地提高了复合材料的电子导电性能及减少了电荷转移电阻,从而充分发挥了活性材料的全部潜力。电化学测量表明LiFePO4/graphene的电化学性能比LiFePO4/C更好。LiFePO4/graphene具有较高的比容量和优良的大倍率性能,在0.1和5C电流充放时,LiFePO4/graphene的比容量分别为163.81和101.57 mAh/g,而LiFePO4/C仅为146.05和54.67mAh/g。LiFePO4/graphene也具有优良循环性能,0.5C循环100次,容量保持率为98.48%。     

Formation of Uniform Water Microdroplets on Wrinkled Graphene for Ultrafast Humidity Sensing

Portable humidity sensors with ultrafast responses fabricated in wearable devices have promising application prospects in disease diagnostics, health status monitoring, and personal healthcare data collecting. However, prolonged exposures to high‐humidity environments usually cause device degradation or failure due to excessive water adsorbed on the sensor surface. In the present work, a graphene film based humidity sensor with a hydrophobic surface and uniformly distributed ring‐like wrinkles is designed and fabricated that exhibits excellent performance in breath sensing. The wrinkled morphology of the graphene sensor is able to effectively prevent the aggregation of water microdroplets and thus maximize the evaporation rate. The as‐fabricated sensor responds to and recovers from humidity in 12.5 ms, the fastest response of humidity sensors reported so far, yet in a very stable manner. The sensor is fabricated into a mask and successfully applied to monitoring sudden changes in respiratory rate and depth, such as breathing disorder or arrest, as well as subtle changes in humidity level caused by talking, cough and skin evaporation. The sensor can potentially enable long‐term daily monitoring of breath and skin evaporation with its ultrafast response and high sensitivity, as well as excellent stability in high‐humidity environments.     

Direct measurement of the Raman enhancement factor of rhodamine 6G on graphene under resonant excitation

Graphene substrates have recently been found to generate Raman enhancement. Systematic studies using different Raman probes have been implemented, but one of the most commonly used Raman probes, rhodamine 6G （R6G）, has yielded controversial results for the enhancement effect on graphene. Indeed, the Raman enhancement factor of R6G induced by graphene has never been measured directly under resonant excitation because of the presence of intense fluorescence backgrounds. In this study, a polarization-difference technique is used to suppress the fluorescence background by subtracting two spectra collected using different excitation laser polarizations. As a result, enhancement factors are obtained ranging between 1.7 and 5.6 for the four Raman modes of R6G at 611, 1,183, 1,361, and 1,647 cm-~ under resonant excitation by a 514.5 nm laser. By comparing these results with the results obtained under non-resonant excitation （632.8 nm） and pre-resonant excitation （593 nm）, the enhancement can be attributed to static chemical enhancement （CHEM） and tuning of the molecular resonance. Density functional theory simulations reveal that the orbital energies and densities for R6G are modified bv ~raphene dots.     

集中荷载作用下悬索的三次超谐波共振分析

针对集中荷载作用下两端固定悬索在集中荷载点外激励作用下悬索系统发生的强迫振动,分析了悬索系统可能出现的次共振现象,得到了出现次共振解的通式。根据该通式可以直接分析系统可能出现的次共振以及次共振出现的条件;通过算例,得到了一阶振型的3次谐波共振的分叉图。