Invited review: Sugar reduction in dairy products

Sugar overconsumption continues to increase worldwide and contributes to multiple health-related issues. Dairy foods represent a large market, grossing more than $125 billion per year worldwide. Consumer demands for healthier products are leading to a large push for sugar reduction in dairy foods. Sugar plays an important role in dairy foods, not only in flavor but also in texture, color, and viscosity. Replacing sugar can have negative effects, making substitution inherently difficult. Natural and artificial nonnutritive sweeteners exist for sugar reduction. Natural nonnutritive sweeteners are popular, particularly for label appeal, but many consumers still prefer the taste of artificial nonnutritive sweeteners. Sweet taste perception can also be affected by texture of the food matrix and the presence of fat. Other sugar reduction techniques include hydrolysis of lactose, ultrafiltration, and direct reduction. This review will address the role of sugar, alternative sweeteners, and sugar reduction in ice cream, yogurt, and flavored milk.     

Glycyrrhetic Acid 3‐O‐Mono‐β‐d‐glucuronide (GAMG): An Innovative High‐Potency Sweetener with Improved Biological Activities

Glycyrrhetic acid 3‐O‐mono‐β‐d ‐glucuronide (GAMG) is an important derivative of glycyrrhizin (GL) and has attracted considerable attention, especially in the food and pharmaceutical industries, due to its natural high sweetness and strong biological activities. The biotransformation process is becoming an efficient route for GAMG production with the advantages of mild reaction conditions, environmentally friendly process, and high production efficiency. Recent studies showed that several β‐glucuronidases (β‐GUS) are key GAMG‐producing enzymes, displaying a high potential to convert GL directly into the more valuable GAMG and providing new insights into the generation of high‐value compounds. This review provides details of the structural properties, health benefits, and potential applications of GAMG. The progress in the development of the biotransformation processes and fermentation strategies to improve the yield of GAMG is also discussed. This work further summarizes recent advances in the enzymatic synthesis of GAMG using β‐GUS with emphasis on the physicochemical and biological properties, molecular modifications, and enzymatic strategies to improve β‐GUS biocatalytic efficiencies. This information contributes to a better framework to explore production and application of bioactive GAMG.     

复合甜味剂的开发与安全使用

介绍了单体甜味剂代替蔗糖从而引出复合甜味剂,以及复合甜味剂的开发及安全使用。     

甜味剂在凉果蜜饯上的研究进展

甜味剂的作用是增加甜度,但除了感官性,他还具有强化风味及防腐作用。至今功能性甜味剂在国内外的应用很广泛,但甜味剂的成本及食品安全是摆在我们面前的挑战。     

新型甜味剂D-阿洛酮糖研究进展

稀有糖是在自然界中存在但含量极少的一类单糖及其衍生物。D-阿洛酮糖是一种重要的稀有糖,在食品、保健和医疗领域具有重要的应用价值。文中对D-阿洛酮糖的研究进展进行了综述,并展望了发展趋势。     

HPLC同时测定无糖食品中5种高倍甜味剂的含量

为建立高效液相色谱法同时分离测定无糖食品中多种高倍甜味剂的含量,样品提取净化后,采用WatersAtlantisT3色谱柱分离(250 mm×4.6 mm;5μm)、甲醇/水梯度洗脱,流速:1.0 mL/min;柱温:25℃;蒸发光散射检测器检测,漂移管温度80℃,喷雾器温度25.2℃,气体压力0.172 MPa;进样量20μL。结果表明:安赛蜜、糖精钠、甜蜜素、三氯蔗糖、阿斯巴甜进样量0.5 mg/mL～10 mg/mL的范围线性良好,相关系数为0.996 0～0.999 7;RSD<4%,回收率平均在87.0%～105.0%之间。本方法可同时对食品中的5种高倍甜味剂进行分离与检测,该方法灵敏度高,重复性好,可为快速检测食品中的高倍甜味剂提供技术支持。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定调味品中8种人工合成甜味剂

目的 建立一种高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)同时测定调味品中8种人工合成甜味剂(安赛蜜、甜蜜素、糖精、阿斯巴甜、阿力甜、纽甜、三氯蔗糖、新橘皮苷二氢查耳酮).方法 样品用水提取,提取液用甲醇沉淀水溶性大分子化合物,离心后取上清液经过中性氧化铝固相萃取柱分离色素,采用C18色谱分离柱,以10 mmol/L甲酸铵溶液-乙腈进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾负离子模式下多反应监测(MRM)模式检测.结果 线性范围分别为糖精于0.05～5μg/ml,三氯蔗糖于0.1～ 10 μg/ml,其它甜味剂于0.01～1μg/ml,线性关系良好,r2＞0.990.在3个添加水平下,样品平均回收率为82.7％～117.9％,RSD为0.6％～10.6％.甜味剂于液体及半固体基质中的检出限均为0.01 ～0.1 mg/kg,于固体基质中的检出限为0.1～1 mg/kg.结论 本方法选择性强、灵敏度高、处理方法简单,可用于调味品中8种人工合成甜味剂的测定.     

无糖虫草酸奶的研制

以虫草、奶粉为主要原料,不添加蔗糖,研制出一种新型保健酸奶。通过单因素试验和正交试验得出产品最佳组合。结果表明,复原乳(全脂奶粉/水为1∶6)70%,虫草浸提液添加量20%,复合甜味剂(阿斯巴甜/安赛蜜为3∶1)0.035%,接种量3%,发酵时间5h。按此条件生产出的酸奶酸甜适口,风味浓郁。     

RP-HPLC法同时测定糕点中安赛蜜、苯甲酸、山梨酸、糖精钠和脱氢乙酸

建立反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC同时测定糕点中安赛蜜、苯甲酸、山梨酸、糖精钠和脱氢乙酸。该方法糕点样品经处理后,采用SunFire C185μ4.6 mmmm反相色谱柱,流动相为甲醇:磷酸盐缓冲液(pH6.7=793等度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min检测波长230 nm柱温为30℃进样量为20μ。线性范围0.2 mg/L120 mg/L检出限0.4 mg/kg1.0 mg/kg加标回收率为87.7%105.3%相对标准偏差小于5%。结果表明,该方法操作简便、结果可靠,可用于同时检测糕点中安赛蜜、苯甲酸、山梨酸、糖精钠和脱氢乙酸。     

新型甜味剂三氯蔗糖的研究

研究了三步法合成三氯蔗糖的新工艺,确定了各步最佳反应条件:蔗糖-6-乙酯回流温度93℃和反应时间7h;向反应体系中加入甲苯作为共溶剂,使DMF使用量下降了三分之二,降低了生产成本;采用氯化亚砜与DMF生成的Vilsimier试剂进行氯化,三氯氧磷与蔗糖-6-乙酯在1∶10时,氯化效果最好,反应具有操作简单,反应时间短,避免使用吡啶和剧毒的光气。探索了氯化后不经三氯蔗糖单酯结晶提纯,直接制备三氯蔗糖的新方法,通过大孔树脂柱,得到了纯度大于95%的产品,终产率高于37%。