用FoxPro设计与实现有机化学试题库系统

要使有机化学考试出卷更为规范、科学,有一个好办法就是使用试题库系统,用计算机来命题组卷。本文首先介绍了有机化学试题在数据库中的存储方法,然后介绍了如何用FoxPro软件来设计并实现有机化学试题库系统。     

Copper‐Free Clickable Coatings

The copper‐catalyzed azide–alkyne 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC) is extensively used for the functionalization of well‐defined polymeric materials. However, the necessity for copper, which is inherently toxic, limits the potential applications of these materials in the area of biology and biomedicine. Therefore, the first entirely copper‐free procedure for the synthesis of clickable coatings for the immobilization of functional molecules is reported. In the first step, azide‐functional coatings are prepared by thermal crosslinking of side‐chain azide‐functional polymers and dialkyne linkers. In a second step, three copper‐free click reactions (i.e., the Staudinger ligation, the dibenzocyclooctyne‐based strain‐promoted azide–alkyne [3+2] cycloaddition, and the methyl‐oxanorbornadiene‐based tandem cycloaddition?retro‐Diels?Alder (crDA) reaction) are used to functionalize the azide‐containing surfaces with fluorescent probes, allowing qualitative comparison with the traditional CuAAC.     

Characterization of the Secretome of a Specific Cell Expressing Mutant Methionyl-tRNA Synthetase in Co-Culture Using Click Chemistry

Co-culture system, in which two or more distinct cell types are cultured together, is advantageous in that it can mimic the environment of the in vivo niche of the cells. In this study, we presented a strategy to analyze the secretome of a specific cell type under the co-culture condition in serum-supplemented media. For the cell-specific secretome analysis, we expressed the mouse mutant methionyl-tRNA synthetase for the incorporation of the non-canonical amino acid, azidonorleucine into the newly synthesized proteins in cells of which the secretome is targeted. The azidonorleucine-tagged secretome could be enriched, based on click chemistry, and distinguished from any other contaminating proteins, either from the cell culture media or the other cells co-cultured with the cells of interest. In order to have more reliable true-positive identifications of cell-specific secretory bodies, we established criteria to exclude any identified human peptide matched to bovine proteins. As a result, we identified a maximum of 719 secreted proteins in the secretome analysis under this co-culture condition. Last, we applied this platform to profile the secretome of mesenchymal stem cells and predicted its therapeutic potential on osteoarthritis based on secretome analysis.     

一种新型结构碳材料——碳管套碳纳米丝

以氢气和甲烷为气源,利用钟罩式微波等离子体化学气相沉积(MW PCVD)系统制备了一种新型结构碳材料——碳管套碳纳米丝,用扫描电子显微镜和拉曼光谱仪对它的形态结构和成份进行了分析。这种新型结构碳材料,具有与碳纳米管、碳纳米丝相似的性质,并在某些领域(如电子源探针、纳米电子器件等)具有很好的应用前景。     

CH_4-CO_2两步制合成气过程的热力学分析

以热力学为基础讨论了甲烷裂解制氢、ＣＯ２和／或Ｏ２气消碳制ＣＯ，并集成为两步制合成气过程的可行性及其优缺点；讨论了此过程的操作条件。计算表明，６００℃是适宜的操作温度；此温度下采用组成为含氧１２．４％（ｍｏｌ）ＣＯ２－Ｏ２的混合气作为脱碳气体，可消去积碳和消碳两步达到热量的供给平衡。     

热解温度对CuZnAl催化剂CO加氢制备低碳醇性能的影响

将完全液相法与热解法结合制备了CuZnAl催化剂,并在固定床反应器上进行了CO加氢制备低碳醇活性评价,结合XRD、XPS、O₂-TPO-MS、H₂-TPR、N₂吸/脱附以及NH;-TPD-MS表征手段,考察了热解温度对催化剂结构和性能的影响。结果表明,随着热解温度的升高,Cu-Zn-Al间相互作用增强,Cu的电子向Zn和Al物种转移,Cu氧化程度增大;催化剂表面碳含量降低,弱酸中心数量减少,比表面积先升高后降低,CO转化率则与比表面积呈现顺变关系。700℃热解所制备催化剂上CO转化率最高,达到23.6%;总醇选择性则随热解温度的升高而下降,350℃热解所制备催化剂上总醇选择性最高,为41.9%。     

原油乳状液稳定机理的分子模拟研究

沥青质在稳定原油乳状液方面发挥重要的作用,采用分子动力学研究了沥青质分子在甲苯 水界面的吸附聚集行为,用量子化学方法研究了沥青质和水分子间以及沥青质分子之间的相互作用能,探讨了沥青质稳定乳状液的作用机理。结果表明,沥青质分子和水分子间氢键的形成是沥青质能够在油 水界面吸附的主要原因,沥青质分子之间的氢键和π π作用使得沥青质构成超分子结构,此超分子结构将水分子包围在内,阻止了水滴的聚并。此外,模拟研究了一种化学破乳剂的破乳过程,结果发现,破乳剂可以通过沥青质分子的间隙,为后续的破乳过程提供了可能。     

硼/铬酸钡延期药预点火反应机理研究

通过对3种不同配比的硼/铬酸钡延期药进行DTA、TG和DSC-TG热分析,研究了硼/铬酸钡延期药固相预点火反应,结果表明其反应主要集中在750℃附近,并根据燃烧残渣的X射线粉末衍射(XRD)结果,推测出零氧平衡时的化学反应方程式.