模拟退火粒子群算法在新交通控制模型中的应用

城市交通系统是个随机性很强、复杂的巨型系统,为了获得良好的通行效率,提出了一种基于模拟退火温度的自适应粒子群优化算法,同时给出了一种城市区域交通协调控制信号配时模型,然后将提出的方法应用于此模型。仿真结果表明：这种算法不仅能够克服基本粒子群算法陷入局部寻优的缺点,而且算法的收敛性和稳定性都很好,同时也表明该模型是可行的、有效的。     

基于DCS的循环流化床锅炉床温模糊控制技术

循环流化床锅炉是一个具有分布参数、非线性、时变、大滞后、多变量紧密耦合的多输入多输出的变参数系统,常规控制方法难以取得理想的控制效果。该文根据循环流化床锅炉运行特性,提出基于DCS实现的循环流化床锅炉床温模糊控制技术,实践表明控制效果理想,具有良好的应用前景。     

半导体泵浦固体激光器智能温控策略与算法研究

针对半导体泵浦固体激光器温度控制过程中存在的非线性、大滞后特性,提出一种基于仿人智能策略的前馈组合控制器。前馈控制部分通过在线优化滞后参数估计值以获得被控对象的静态逆模型,逆模型辨识与直接逆控制由两个神经网络分别实现,可以在线调整网络权值。基本模糊控制器可在模糊PID和模糊PD控制算法之间进行转换,适用于控制系统的各工作状态。仿人智能控制策略根据输出误差变化的不同阶段调整所使用的控制组合,并具有自寻优功能。仿真表明,该方法可取得较好的控制效果。     

Superconductivity in the tetragonal phase of La1.9Bi0.1CuO4+δ annealed under high oxygen pressure

We have investigated the relation between the crystal structure and superconductivity in La_1.9Bi_0.1CuO₄₊ , in which the phase separation observed in La₂CuO₄₊ is suppressed. A phase diagram in theT– plane is given for La_1.9Bi_0.1CuO₄₊ with excess oxygen. For very small values, the crystal structure is orthorhombic, and an orthorhombic-tetragonal phase transition occurs markedly at 0.03 in the measured temperature range between 13 and 293 K. Superconductivity is observed in the range of 0.04<<0.11. This is clear evidence thathigh-T _c superconductivity also appears in the tetragonal phase.     

Molecular simulation of phase coexistence: Finite-size effects and determination of critical parameters for two- and three-dimensional Lennard-Jones fluids

Abstact The subject of this paper is the investigation of finite-size effects and the determination of critical parameters for a class of truncated Lennard-Jones potentials. Despite significant recent progress in our ability to model phase equilibria in multicomponent mixtures from direct molecular simulations, the accurate determination of critical parameters remains a difficult problem. Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo simulations with systems of controlled linear system size are used to obtain the phase behavior in the near-critical region for two- and three dimensional Lennard-Jones fluids with reduced cutoff radii of 3, 3.5, and 5. For the two-dimensional systems, crossover of the effective exponent for the width of the coexistence curve from mean field ( = 1/2 in the immediate vicinity of the critical point to Ising-like (= 1/8) farther away is observed. Critical parameters determined by fitting the data that follow Ising-like behavior are in good agreement with literature values obtained with finite-size scaling methods. For the three-dimensional systems, no crossover to mean field-type behavior was apparent. Extrapolated results for the critical parameters are consistent with literature estimates for similar fluids. For both two- and three-dimensional fluids, system size effects on the coexistence curves away from the critical point are small, normally within simulation statistical uncertainties.Invited paper presented at the Twelfth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, June 19–24, 1994, Boulder. Colorado, U.S.A.     

The possibility of increasingTc in oxide high-Tc superconductor films: Interaction with elastic fields of defects

The influence onT _c of dilatation centers (DC) as elastic defects near the surface or in thin films of oxide high-T_c superconductors is considered. The distribution function ofT _c in this case was obtained. This is the Lorentzian with center shifted to largerT _c values. The half width of theT _c distribution n (n is the concentration of DC) is larger than its center shift and corresponds to the increase ofT _c fluctuations near the surface. As a result, a continuum percolation behavior with increasing critical temperature percolation levelT ^(c) near the surface appears. The inequalityn>T ^(c)>T _c ^initial is fulfilled. ForT>T ^(c) the quasi-2D Josephson media takes place where a finite superconductive domain withT _c ^local >T ^(c) exists. The influence of DC considerably increases for strong DC such as off-center impurity ions.     

Orbital pairing effects in fullerenes

We propose a theory of superconductivity for a crystal having multiple band structure. The theory is valid for the parameter(k _F)/1 when the splitting between bands(k _F ) is small in comparison with the phonon frequency. The theory may be applicable to the doped fullerenes where it is widely supposed that pairing occurs through high-energy intramolecular phonons. As in semiconductors, the bunch of bands is treated by ascribing the highest spin to electrons. We derive the analytic expression for the critical temperature, which strongly depends on the value of the total spin of the Cooper pair, which may be equal toY=0,1,.... In all cases the order parameter is a vector with components proportional to spherical harmonics and at the same time the superconducting gap has no zeros. The data may be fitted to doped fullerenes, if the superconductivity arises fromd-pairing.     

Aniline hydrogenolysis on nickel: effects of surface hydrogen and surface structure

Fluorescence yield near-edge spectroscopy (FYNES) above the carbon K edge and temperature programmed reaction spectroscopy (TPRS) have been used as the methods for characterizing the reactivity and structure of adsorbed aniline and aniline derived species on the Ni(100) and Ni(111) surfaces over an extended range of temperatures and hydrogen pressures. The Ni(100) surface shows appreciably higher hydrogenolysis activity towards adsorbed aniline than the Ni(111) surface. Hydrogenolysis of aniline on the Ni(100) surface results in benzene formation at 470 K, both in reactive hydrogen atmospheres and in vacuum. External hydrogen significantly enhances the hydrogenolysis activity for aniline on the Ni(100) surface. Based on spectroscopic evidence, we believe that the dominant aniline hydrogenolysis reaction is preceded by partial hydrogenation of the aromatic ring of aniline in the presence of 0.001 Torr of external hydrogen on the (100) surface. In contrast, very little adsorbed aniline undergoes hydrogen induced C-N bond activation on the Ni(111) surface for hydrogen pressures as high as 10^–7 Torr below 500 K. Thermal dehydrogenation of aniline dominates with increasing temperature on the Ni(111) surface, resulting in the formation of a previously observed polymeric layer which is stable up to 820 K. Aniline is adsorbed at a smaller angle relative to the Ni(111) surface than the Ni(100) surface at temperatures below the hydrogenolysis temperature. We believe that the proximity and strong -interaction between the aromatic ring of the aniline and the surface is one major factor which controls the competition between dehydrogenation and hydrogen addition. In this case the result is a substantial enhancement of aniline dehydrogenation relative to hydrogenation on the Ni(111) surface.     

极端高温下10kV电缆中间接头载流量分析

随着世界各地夏季环境温度不断升高,电缆中间接头的工作环境正在恶化。为此,文中基于有限元法建立10 kV三芯电缆及其中间接头仿真模型,分析不同环境温度和不同电流下中间接头的温度分布。首先,开展温升试验,得到电缆中间接头表面的稳态温度,验证仿真模型的准确性;然后,拟合不同环境温度下中间接头高压载流导体表面温度与电流的函数关系,以此可以计算不同极端环境温度下中间接头的极限安全载流量。结果表明,环境温度升高对中间接头高压载流导体表面的温度分布趋势几乎没有影响,在外护套外表面处也满足此规律。中间接头高压载流导体表面温度与电流近似成二次函数关系。当电流幅值为480 A、环境温度为75 ℃时,高压载流导体表面与外护套外表面最高温度分别是环境温度为30 ℃时的1.57倍与1.69倍。当环境温度超过55 ℃时,按照国标规定的持续允许载流量会使中间接头高压铜导体表面温度超过最高允许运行温度90 ℃。考虑到自2020年起夏季环境温度持续增加,现行国标中10 kV铜导体三芯交联聚乙烯绝缘电缆中间接头的持续允许载流量须被修正。