双氧水改性二氧化钛的光催化性能研究

研究了用微乳法制备纳米二氧化钛粉末的工艺，以及在紫外光照射下，TiO2和H2O2分别以及两者结合对于甲基橙溶液的降解作用。结果表明用微乳法可以制备粒度为23．2nm的纳米TiO2粉末；在紫外光照射下，H2O2可以有效地降解甲基橙溶液；当H2O2浓度从1mmol／L增加到10mmol／L，甲基橙的吸光度直线下降；当H2O2浓度达到10mmol／L时，降解率可以达到99％；TiO2也可以有效地降解甲崔橙溶液，当TiO2的浓度为0．50～0．75g／L时，降解率最大；用H2O2对TiO2进行改性后，可以有效地降解甲基橙溶液，固定TiO2的量为0．5g／L时，当H202浓度为4mmol／L时，甲基橙溶液的吸光度达到最低；当H2O2浓度处于10mmol／L以上时，甲基橙溶液的吸光度却出现无规则的变化。     

纳米TiN改性Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的抗热震性能

为研究不同粘结相对纳米TiN改性Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷抗热震性能的影响,真空烧结制备了粘结相质量分数分别为20%Ni、10%Co-10%Ni和20%Co的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷。采用扫描电镜研究了材料的组织,并测量了力学性能。采用压痕-急冷法主要研究了其抗热震性能,结果表明,随着温度的升高和热循环次数的增加,裂纹增长,粘结相为Ni的金属陶瓷的抗热震性优于粘结相为Co的金属陶瓷。显微照片表明,裂纹主要沿硬质相/粘结相界面及粘结相扩展。     

焊接残余应力形成机制与消除原理若干问题的讨论

针对目前存在的一些对焊接残余应力形成机制和消除原理传统理论的质疑和不同观点，采用两端拘束杆件和长板各焊接的一维简化模型，分析比较了经受加热与冷却热循环以及直接从高温冷却下来时的应变历史和残余应力产生的机制。结果表明，前者存在残余压缩塑性应变，后者存在残余热收缩应变。两者对产生残余应力的作用完全是等价的，为了统一概念，建议引入固有应变理论。固有应变包括焊接过程中产生的塑性应变，热应变和相变应变，残余应力是在固有应变源作用下构件自动平衡的结果，消除焊接残余应力必须去除固有应变源，此外对若干容易混淆的问题进行了讨论。     

纳米CeO2单晶的制备与热处理对粒径的影响

以Ce(NO3)3·6H2O为铈源、NH3·H2O为沉淀剂,用化学沉淀法通过对陈化时间的控制,制备了单分散的单晶纳米CeO2粒子,并用XRD、TEM、ED、BET、TG-DTA等测试手段对产物的物相结构、形貌和纳米尺度进行了表征.XRD分析表明,制得的纳米CeO2粒子为萤石结构且晶型比较完整. 通过控制热处理的温度和陈化时间可以控制粒子的大小.TEM和ED分析表明产物颗粒基本为球形,分散性较好且为单晶. 通过TG-DTA结果可以断定所制备的前驱体结构式为CeO2·1/2H2O.     

Q235B 热轧H型钢拉伸试验分层断口的显微分析

Q2 35B热轧H型钢拉伸试验后出现分层断口。用扫描电镜进行了显微观察 ,发现分层现象与试样中超长的带状组织密切相关。用能谱仪对断口分层处和超长铁素体带上的夹杂物进行了成分分析 ,证实都是硫化物。试样拉伸时在铁素体带上密集分布的硫化物处产生大量微裂纹 ,同时超长铁素体带的变形又受到阻碍 ,导致该处在试样拉断之前裂纹已经贯通 ,最终在断口上形成分层。因此 ,拉伸试验断口出现分层的原因是试样中存在密集分布的硫化物和超长的带状组织。     

Thermal spray vitrification process for the removal of lead-based paint from steel structures: An applications note

Lead-based paints and primers have long been used to protect steel structures from corrosion, but are now recognized as environmental hazards. During lead-based paint removal via abrasive blasting, federal, state and local environmental requirements mandate the use of containment structures to prevent contamination of air, soil, or water. The thermal spray vitrification (TSV) process was developed and optimized in laboratory experiments to remove hazardous lead-based paint. TSV consists of thermal spraying a molten glass onto the painted surface. As the glass strikes the substrate, it reacts with the paint, and organic components are pyrolyzed, while lead ions are trapped on the glass surface. Quenching stresses in the glass cause it to crack and spall off the substrate. The resulting glass fragments are collected, and further remelted to completely immobilize lead (Pb) ions in the glassy iron (Fe) silicate matrix. The glass waste is thus rendered non-hazardous, as determined by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). The TSV process was field tested on a fire hydrant, using minimal personal protective equipment and without using a containment structure. The lead-containing paint was removed, without producing hazardous waste, leaving de-painted surfaces suitable for repainting.     

H13模具钢离子渗氮层的组织与性能

利用10kW的等离子体气相沉积炉对H13钢进行了离子渗氮处理，研究了不同温度及时间对渗氮层组织及性能的影响。结果表明，采用合适的处理温度和时间，可以得到最佳的渗氮层化合物相组成及表面硬度，在保证一定的渗氮层深度条件下，H13钢的耐磨性能明显提高。     

Effects of carbon content and solidification rate on thermal conductivity of grey cast iron

The thermal conductivity or diffusivity of pearlitic grey irons with various carbon contents is investigated by the laser flash method. The materials are cast in controlled thermal environments and produced in three dissimilar cooling rates. The cooling rate together with the carbon content largely influence the thermal conductivity of grey iron. Linear relationships exist between the thermal conductivity and the carbon content, the carbon equivalent and the fraction of former primary solidified austenite transformed into pearlite. The work shows that optimal thermal transport properties are obtained at medium cooling rates. Equations describing the thermal conductivity of pearlite,solidified as pre-eutectic austenite, and the eutectic of grey iron are derived. The thermal conductivity of pearlitic grey iron is modeled at both room temperature and elevated temperature with good accuracy.     

Effect of heat treatment on thermal stability of Ti40 alloy

Five new heat treatment processes were designed, which were divided into three groups by their characteristics. The microstructures and mechanical properties of the alloy after the five heat treatments and thermal exposure at 500, 550℃ for 100 h were tested. The results indicate that a little differences exist in the performance of mechanical properties at room-temperature after the five heat treatments, and the thermal stability is the key factor for determining heat treatment process. Among the three groups of heat treatment processes, the best thermal stability is achieved after the first group of heat treatment. After annealing treatment at intermediate temperature, some defects and uneven grain boundaries are remained, which leads to the reduction fractions of precipitations on unit grain boundary and the harmful effect of precipitations on grain boundary is weakened. The process of annealing at 650 ℃for 4 h is recommended the best heat treatment process for Ti40 alloy.     

HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS DURING ROLLING OF THIN SLAB IN CSP

A mathematical model has been built to numerically predict the thermal history of thin slab during CSP （compact strip process） rolling. To estimate the temperature distribution in the slab mare accurately, the mathematical model combines heat transfer in the slab, in the roll, and at the roll-slab interface during bite. The numerical results agree with on-site running data, which proves the reliabili~, of the mathematical model. The results show that roll chilling has a significant effect on the temperature distribution in the slab.