Hall and ion-slip effects on MHD natural convective flow past an unbounded vertical porous channel with thermodiffusion

The consequences of Soret in addition to Dufour of natural convection heat and mass transfer for the unsteady three-dimensional boundary layer flow through a perpendicular condition of the existence of viscous dissipation, invariable suction, Hall as well as ion slip consequences into relation. The prevailing partial differential equation is dissolved digitally utilizing the implicit Crank–Nicolson finite difference method. The velocity, temperature, as well as concentration dispensations, is addressed computationally and demonstrated by the graphs. Numerical values of the Nusselt number, skin friction as well as Sherwoods numbers nearby the plate are discussed for a choice of values of substantial parameters and are displayed in a tabular manner. It is noticed that the temperature of the fluid diminishes with higher Prandtl numbers. The resulting velocity diminishes with the growing Hartmann number. Rotation, Soret, and Dufour parameters strengthen the velocity and momentum boundary layer thickness. The velocity intensifies through growing Hall and ion-slip parameters and the revoke trend is acquired with enhancement in suction parameter.     

Thermoplasticity with diffusion in welding problems

A thermomechanical model for the analysis of thermoplasticity with a diffusion term is presented. This model is defined in infinitesimal strain thermoplasticity framework. Thermal hardening is coupled with a diffusion process. The example presents thermodiffusion process in titanium friction welding parts. The migration of hydrogen in the process of thermoplastic deformation is described. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Modified solid lubricating coatings based on tungsten diselenide

The dependence of the wear rate of WSe₂-Ga/In coatings on the environment conditions (air, vacuum, temperature) and counterbody material is obtained. The formation of films in the friction contact zone is shown to occur owing to the transfer of individual lubricant components and their reactions with each other and with atmospheric oxygen.     

Complementary Experimental Methods to Obtain Thermodynamic Parameters of Protein Ligand Systems

In recent years, thermophoresis has emerged as a promising tool for quantifying biomolecular interactions. The underlying microscopic physical effect is still not understood, but often attributed to changes in the hydration layer once the binding occurs. To gain deeper insight, we investigate whether non-equilibrium coefficients can be related to equilibrium properties. Therefore, we compare thermophoretic data measured by thermal diffusion forced Rayleigh scattering (TDFRS) (which is a non-equilibrium process) with thermodynamic data obtained by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) (which is an equilibrium process). As a reference system, we studied the chelation reaction between ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) to relate the thermophoretic behavior quantified by the Soret coefficient ST to the Gibb’s free energy ΔG determined in the ITC experiment using an expression proposed by Eastman. Finally, we have studied the binding of the protein Bovine Carbonic Anhydrase I (BCA I) to two different benzenesulfonamide derivatives: 4-fluorobenzenesulfonamide (4FBS) and pentafluorobenzenesulfonamide (PFBS). For all three systems, we find that the Gibb’s free energies calculated from ST agree with ΔG from the ITC experiment. In addition, we also investigate the influence of fluorescent labeling, which allows measurements in a thermophoretic microfluidic cell. Re-examination of the fluorescently labeled system using ITC showed a strong influence of the dye on the binding behavior.     

Evaluation of the ratio of the evaporation energy to the activation energy for estimating the thermodiffusion coefficient

Thermodiffusion has an important role in displacements of hydrocarbon reservoir. The ratio of the evaporation energy to the activation energy of viscous flow in pure limits, τ_pure,k, is of a great importance in estimating the thermodiffusion coefficient for non‐associating fluid mixtures. Several methods may be used to estimate τ_pure,k which causes different values for thermodiffusion coefficients. A fixed value for τ_pure,k was considered to predict the thermodiffusion coefficient. In this paper, Abbasi et al.'s [J. Non‐Equilib. Thermodyn. 2010;35:1–14] model and Shukla and Firoozabadi's model have been applied to predict thermodiffusion coefficients for linear chain hydrocarbon binary mixtures. The results show a very good performance of the simple approach in respect to the previous models in estimating thermodiffusion coefficients. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering     

热扩散法多丝电镀黄铜作业线的调试

介绍热扩散法多丝电镀黄铜作业线的生产工艺 ,给出电镀电流的计算公式及镀层质量和镀层成分的计算方法及电流密度的正常范围 ,并举实例进行了计算。为防止镀液被污染 ,应保证电镀用材料的纯度 ,钢丝出口处的气吹嘴工作正常 ,接触槽液的工具不许混用 ,钢丝不能挂铅。对热扩散参数的设置提出了探讨性意见     

Estimation of thermodiffusion coefficients in ternary associating mixtures

Following the non‐equilibrium thermodynamics formulation and taking into account the complexities in the structure of aqueous associating mixtures, expressions are proposed to estimate the thermodiffusion coefficients in ternary associating mixtures, such as water and alcohol mixtures. The model expressions are used to estimate the thermodiffusion coefficients in methanol–ethanol–water, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)–ethanol–water and DMSO–t‐butanol–water mixtures at various concentrations. The perturbed‐chain statistical associating fluid theory (PC‐SAFT) equation of state is used to obtain the mixture properties, such as the derivatives of the chemical potentials needed to evaluate the thermodiffusion coefficient expressions. The results show that at certain concentrations of one component, variation of the concentration of the other two components can cause a sign change in the thermodiffusion coefficients. While the model cannot be evaluated due to the lack of any pertinent experimental data, the model predictions may be used to choose suitable mixture compositions in space experiments to be performed onboard the International Space Station (ISS) in near future. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering