Comparative study of photocatalytic performance of titanium oxide spheres assembled by nanorods,nanoplates and nanosheets

TiO₂ spheres assembled by nanorods, nanoplates and nanosheets were fabricated by facile hydrothermal/solvothermal methods. The three samples were thoroughly characterised by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method and UV spectroscopy. The surface area of spheres assembled by nanosheets was 83.9 m²g^–1, which is larger than that obtained for nanorods (10.8 m²g^–1) and nanoplates (6.31 m²g^–1). Their photocatalytic performance was evaluated in terms of the decomposition rate of methyl orange in these three samples under UV irradiation. The best photoactivity was observed in the samples constructed from nanosheets.     

化工陶瓷铠装塔的试制

针对传统的化工陶瓷塔的美中不足之处 ,从生产工艺、铠装工艺和安装工艺等方面 ,介绍了试制成功的升级换代产品———化工陶瓷铠装塔 ,评述了该产品的物理性能、使用要求和所取得的社会经济效益 ,并进而引发了从中体会到的营销理念     

无机盐对纳米二氧化钛聚集的影响

本文通过对含纳米二氧化钛和无机盐的溶液过滤得到的滤液进行浊度分析,考察了水溶液中无机盐种类如NaCl、Na2SO4、NaCO3、Na3PO4和(NH4)2S2O8,盐质量浓度(0 2g L～10 0g L)以及pH值变化对二氧化钛粒子聚集的影响。     

Structural and optical properties of four-hexagonal polytype nanocrystalline silicon carbide films deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique

Four-hexagonal polytype films of nanocrystalline silicon carbide (4H-nc-SiC) were deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method with more than 3×10⁴ W m⁻² threshold of power density, high hydrogen dilution ratio, and bias pretreatment. The source gases were silane, methane and hydrogen. Our work showed that under conditions similar to those used for the growth of μc-SiC—except a higher power densities over a threshold, a bigger bias pretreatment on substrates, and a moderate bias deposition—nc-SiC films could indeed be achieved. The Raman spectra and transmission electron microscopy diffraction patterns demonstrated that the as-grown films from the H₂-CH₄-SiH₄ plasma consist of amorphous network and phase-pure crystalline silicon carbide which has the 4H polytype structure. The microcolumnar 4H-SiC nanocrystallites of a mean size of approximately 1.6×10⁻⁸ m in diameter are encapsulated by amorphous SiC networks. The photoluminescence spectra of 4H-SiC at room temperature, peaking at 8.10×10⁻⁷ m using a wavelength of 5.145×10⁻⁷ m of argon ion laser, were obtained at room temperature; the luminescence mechanism is thought to be related to transitions in the energy band gap which could be ascribed to the surface states and defects in the structure of 4H-SiC nanocrystalline in these films due to its small size. The as-grown films showed an optical transmittance of 89% at 6.58×10⁻⁷ m. This higher transmittance is believed to be from the small size and amorphous matrix.     

铝对含钛微合金钢成分控制及夹杂物形成的影响

自主设计了不同Al含量的含钛微合金钢，采用火花源光电直读光谱仪检测了每炉钢的化学成分，分析了Al含量对试验钢中O和Ti含量的影响规律；利用OM、SEM观察了试验钢夹杂物形貌并进行了能谱分析，研究了Al含量对试验钢夹杂物形成的影响规律。研究结果表明：随着Al含量的增加，钢中Ti氧化物夹杂逐渐减少，Ti主要以TiN及TiC的形式存在，收得率得到提高；当Al质量分数大于0.033 7%时，Ti的收得率均高于90%；当Al质量分数控制在0.033 7%~0.060 6%时，脱氧效果较好，并可降低夹杂物数量、减小夹杂物的尺寸。     

Polymerization of monomers initiated by silyl centers in SiO deposits prepared by pulsed laser ablation

Deposits from silicon monoxide prepared by pulsed laser ablation were allowed to react with acrylic and vinyl monomers—styrene, methyl methacrylate and 1,2 ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. It was revealed by means of FTIR, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and NMR spectroscopies that silyl ?Si· reacts with monomer molecules and initiates the consecutive polymerization. Crosslinking is proved by the occurrence of bending δ(? CH₂) absorption peak at about 750 cm^?1 in FTIR spectra. Because of very low concentration of the propagating radical for styrene we used a radical scavenger N‐phenyl‐t‐butylnitrone for trapping. The measured EPR parameters were compared with the calculated ones. In case of styrene, NMR analysis manifested the presence of Si? C bonds in SiC_xO_y (x + y = 2) units, which can be taken as direct evidence of the reaction between silyl centers and monomer molecules. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 4488–4492, 2006     

Corrosion resistance of silicon-infiltrated silicon carbide (SiSiC)

Silicon carbide ceramics have found widespread use due to their high corrosion stability. Both solid state-sintered silicon carbide, which has an extremely high corrosion resistance, and silicon-infiltrated silicon carbide are used for various applications. The latter material contains SiC as well as free silicon, which is less stable. Hence, in the present work, the corrosion behavior of silicon-infiltrated silicon carbide ceramics was investigated in NaOH solutions. Long-term corrosion experiments were conducted, and a method for analyzing the corrosion behavior in short-term experiments was developed. The short-term method is based on the accurate measurement of the corrosion depth by laser scanning microscopy on polished surfaces. The results of both methods were in good agreement. The advantage of the short-term method is that it provides information on changes in corrosion mechanisms and corrosion rates in the initial period and as a function of the impurities present. Preferential corrosion of Si at the interface to SiC was observed. TEM investigations revealed that this enhanced corrosion was caused by the segregation of impurities.     

Controlled morphology and optical properties of n-type porous silicon: effect of magnetic field and electrode-assisted LEF

Fabrication of photoluminescent n-type porous silicon (nPS), using electrode-assisted lateral electric field accompanied with a perpendicular magnetic field, is reported. The results have been compared with the porous structures fabricated by means of conventional anodization and electrode-assisted lateral electric field without magnetic field. The lateral electric field (LEF) applied across the silicon substrate leads to the formation of structural gradient in terms of density, dimension, and depth of the etched pores. Apart from the pore shape tunability, the simultaneous application of LEF and magnetic field (MF) contributes to a reduction of the dimension of the pores and promotes relatively more defined pore tips as well as a decreased side-branching in the pore walls of the macroporous structure. Additionally, when using magnetic field-assisted etching, within a certain range of LEF, an enhancement of the photoluminescence (PL) response was obtained.     

Improved conversion efficiency of amorphous Si solar cells using a mesoporous ZnO pattern

To provide a front transparent electrode for use in highly efficient hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin-film solar cells, porous flat layer and micro-patterns of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle (NP) layers were prepared through ultraviolet nanoimprint lithography (UV-NIL) and deposited on Al-doped ZnO (AZO) layers. Through this, it was found that a porous micro-pattern of ZnO NPs dispersed in resin can optimize the light-trapping pattern, with the efficiency of solar cells based on patterned or flat mesoporous ZnO layers increased by 27% and 12%, respectively.     

从“华谊兄弟”模式看景德镇陶瓷经营业态未来的选择

将华谊兄弟演艺明星持股现象解读为＂现代企业＋演艺明星＂模式,并认为该模式具有一般性可将其推广到陶瓷行业领域,形成＂现代企业＋陶艺家＂模式。在此基础上,结合景德镇市情,提出若干建议。