Biological Effects of Flammulina Velutipes Richin RE on Chinese Kunming Mice

ＢｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＦｌａｍｍｕｌｉｎａＶｅｌｕｔｉｐｅｓＲｉｃｈｉｎＲＥｏｎＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＫｕｎｍｉｎｇＭｉｃｅＬｉａｎｇＤｉｎｇｂａｎｇ（梁定邦）；ＣｕｉＤｅｆａｎｇ（崔德芳）；ＺｈａｎｇＪｉｎｔｏｎｇ（张金桐）（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍ...     

基于正则总体最小二乘准则的OFDM系统信道估计算法

基于导频的最小二乘(LS)估计方法的优点是结构简单,容易实现,但对噪声和干扰敏感。通过对OFDM系统中由于信道的时变性产生的载波间干扰进行了分析,在此基础上提出正则总体最小二乘(TLS)信道估计算法。根据Tikhonov正则化原理,导出了总体最小二乘正则化解法的计算公式。与一般的LS信道估计相比,TLS方法同时考虑了信道噪声和信道时变特性,所以该算法不仅在一般的信道条件下具有良好的性能而且也适合快变信道条件下的OFDM系统。仿真结果表明,该算法具有很好的均方误差和误比特率性能。     

多用户动态节能资源竞争计算卸载策略

针对移动边缘计算环境下,移动设备的计算、续航、存储能力的不足,导致其响应延迟、电池寿命降低等问题,设计了一种动态节能资源竞争计算卸载（DERCO）策略。该策略综合考虑了信道容量以及设备间的相互干扰等情况,以一种贪婪算法的思想,让所有边缘设备通过迭代竞争信道资源,节能效果最好的设备将获得卸载机会,再利用一次性卸载方法,根据实时的信道状况和卸载速率进行动态的细粒度子任务卸载决策。实验结果表明,该策略优于一种近似协同计算卸载方案,有效降低了设备的能耗与时延。     

关于饱和软土地基堤坝边坡稳定分析总应力法的讨论

在饱和的软土地基上修筑堤坝,由于孔隙水压力不易准确测定,需采用“φ=0”的总应力法进行稳定分析。这一做法在国外已明确纳入设计规范,在国内工程界较少受到重视,导致过高地估计了安全系数。本文首先系统地回顾了临界状态土力学中的伏斯列夫强度理论,在理论上阐述了饱和软土地基快速填筑时采用总应力法的原因,同时引用了Bishop和Bjerrum、美国联邦公路局、美国陆军工程师团与我国水电水利工程边坡设计规范的相关条文,确认在饱和软土地基采用总应力法进行稳定分析的合理性。以花敖泡土石坝和拉哇水电站围堰为工程实例,分别采用对土的固结不排水剪的两种做法开展稳定性分析,结果表明,直接将土的固结不排水剪强度指标ccu与φcu作为填筑后的强度参数,将严重高估其安全系数。因此建议正在修订的碾压式土石坝与边坡设计规范增加相应条文,并期望引起工程界对这一问题的重视。     

矩形明渠消力池水跃的水头损失研究

为了研究沿程水头损失与局部水头损失的变化规律,根据沿程水头损失的基本定义,推求矩形明渠消力池水跃区沿程水头损失与床面阻力系数、水跃共轭水深比、跃前断面宽高比及跃前断面水深的理论关系,提出了矩形明渠水跃区沿程水头损失及其系数和局部水头损失系数的理论公式,给出了沿程水头损失系数、局部水头损失系数和总水头损失系数的简单拟合公式。研究表明:沿程水头损失随着跃前断面水深和床面阻力系数的增大而增大,随着水跃共轭水深比和跃前断面宽高比的增大而减小;局部水头损失系数随着跃前断面弗劳德数的增大而增大;水跃区局部水头损失占比随着弗劳德数的增加而增加,弗劳德数为3时的局部水头损失占比达到90%,弗劳德数为6时的局部水头损失占比已达到95%以上。研究成果可进一步完善并丰富水跃理论体系。     

电机智能制造发展现状及推进策略

随着电机制造要求逐步提高、自动化逐渐普及,智能制造将成为未来主流的生产制造模式。基于对传统电机制造现状和发展趋势的分析,厘清智能制造优势及智能制造推进误区,概括智能制造推进内容及策略。以江苏大中电机股份有限公司相关项目为例,介绍智能制造的侧重内容、实施步骤、原则及实施成果。结果表明：总体生产效率提高了35.75%,生产运营成本降低了26.21%,产品不良率降低了75.84%。在此基础上概括电机行业智能制造推进参考战略,为中小型电机行业发展提供支持。     

Pro-Inflammatory Effect of Gliadins and Glutenins Extracted from Different Wheat Cultivars on an In Vitro 3D Intestinal Epithelium Model

There is a need to assess the relationship between improved rheological properties and the immunogenic potential of wheat proteins. The present study aimed to investigate the in vitro effects of total protein extracts from three modern and two landrace Triticum aestivum commercial flour mixes, with significant differences in gluten strength (GS), on cell lines. Cytotoxicity and innate immune responses induced by wheat proteins were investigated using Caco-2 monocultures, two dimensional (2D) Caco-2/U937 co-cultures, and three dimensional (3D) co-cultures simulating the intestinal mucosa with Caco-2 epithelial cells situated above an extra-cellular matrix containing U937 monocytes and L929 fibroblasts. Modern wheat proteins, with increased GS, significantly reduced Caco-2 cell proliferation and vitality in monoculture and 2D co-cultures than landrace proteins. Modern wheat proteins also augmented Caco-2 monolayer disruption and tight junction protein, occludin, redistribution in 3D co-cultures. Release of interleukin-8 into the cell medium and increased U937 monocyte migration in both 2D and 3D co-cultures were similarly apparent. Immuno-activation of migrating U937 cells was evidenced from cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) staining and CD11b-related differentiation into macrophages. The modern wheat proteins, with gluten polymorphism relatedness and increased GS, were shown to be more cytotoxic and immunogenic than the landrace wheat proteins.     

再生砖混骨料混凝土柱的小偏心受压性能

通过小偏心受压性能试验对比研究3根的天然骨料混凝土柱和3根同强度全再生砖混骨料混凝土柱,强度分别为C25、C30和C35. 对6根柱进行加载试验,分析再生砖混骨料混凝土柱相比于同强度天然骨料混凝土柱在受力过程、破坏特征、变形能力与承载力等方面的差异. 试验发现,再生砖混骨料混凝土柱在小偏心加载至破坏的过程中,具有与天然骨料混凝土柱相似的3个受力阶段,且符合平截面假定. 与同强度的天然骨料混凝土柱相比,变形较大,但再生砖混骨料混凝土柱的极限承载力略高,原因可能在于两者轴心抗压强度的差异.     

冶金企业面临的严峻局面及今后工作重点

阐述了冶金企业在当前的严峻形势下，要求得生存必须转变传统观念。并提出“九五”期间的工作重点是：节能降耗、调整品种结构、提高生产率及加强决策管理。重点论述了实现节能降耗应抓好的四项工作：连铸坯一火成材与热装直轧，轧钢炉窑节能技术，轧机主传动交流调速技术及控制冷却技术。     

Enzymatic Synthesis of Glucose- and Xylose Laurate Esters Using Different Acyl Donors,Higher Substrate Concentrations,and Membrane Assisted Solvent Recovery

Glucose- and xylose laurate esters are enzymatically synthesized using equimolar substrate concentrations in 2-methyl-2-butanol, comparing free lauric acid with methyl- and vinyl-laurate as acyl donors. All reactions result in ≥70% acyl donor conversions after 72 h but the activated donors are also partially hydrolyzed to lauric acid, highlighting the difficulty in controlling water presence in this particular reaction system. The esterification of xylose generates a complex product profile, with several regioisomers of monoesters and diesters. The esterification of glucose is quite selective, forming mainly the 6-O monoester (≥96%) with a small presence of two diester isomers (4%). Increasing substrate concentration up to 800 millimoles kg⁻¹ results in lower conversion values (down to 58%) but shows that the reaction proceeds successfully even in the presence of high amounts of insoluble glucose. However, the reaction is less selective and the proportion of diester increases, becoming up to 46% (molar fraction) of the final product. Solvent recovery after esterification can be achieved by organic solvent nanofiltration through a polymeric membrane able to retain ≥80% of all reaction substrates and products. Practical Applications: The use of high substrate concentrations during the enzymatic synthesis of sugar ester biosurfactants leads to product titers that are more industrially appealing, without the need to find a solvent that can solubilize all initial substrate. The sustainability of the enzymatic conversion at mild temperatures can be enhanced by recycling of the reaction solvent through organic solvent nanofiltration, an energy efficient alternative to other traditional methods like distillation.