Sr and Ba substitution in charge ordered Pr0.5Ca0.5MnO3: Sharp steps in the magnetic and transport properties for a narrow composition range

The magnetic and transport properties of Pr_0.5Ca_0.5−xA_xMnO₃ (A = Sr, Ba) have been investigated in this paper. The substitution of Ca with bigger cations such as Sr and Ba can favour the field-induced ferromagnetism and induce sharp steps in the magnetization versus field and resistivity versus field curves. These properties strongly depend on the thermal history of the samples. All the results have been interpreted by a martensitic-like mechanism based on phase separation induced by A-site size mismatch. The above model can also explain the result that the less efficient ability of Sr substitution than Ba substitution to induce ferromagnetism and sharp steps. Another interesting feature in the system is the existence of an optimum substitution range to induce magnetization steps and reach high field-induced magnetization values for both Sr (x = 0.07–0.10) and Ba (x = 0.01–0.08) substitution. We suggest that the disappearance of the steps beyond the optimum substitution range possibly results from the different nature of phase separation in the optimum substitution range and beyond this range.     

Phase transition in the Zr60Al15Ni25 bulk metallic glass subjected to rolling at room temperature

The microstructure evolution of the Zr₆₀Al₁₅Ni₂₅ metallic glass during rolling at room temperature is investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HREM). The results show that the values of full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the XRD patterns and exothermic enthalpy ΔH of DSC plots do not monotonically change with the variation of deformation degrees ɛ. As ɛ is not large than 20%, the values of FWHM and ΔH are lower than that of the as-cast state. When ɛ reaches 30%, the values of FWHM and ΔH become larger than that of the as-cast state, while their values begin to decrease again as ɛ reaches about 85%. These results indicate that the reversible transitions between ordered and disordered atomic configurations occur during rolling, which is further verified by the HREM images. The reversible phase transition can be explained by the competition between the diffusion controlled reordering and shear-induced disordering during rolling.     

频域相关的恒常性特征及其算法研究

构造了对空域几何变化具有强鲁棒性的频域相关算法,使模板匹配成为具有几何恒常性特征的原型匹配.傅里叶变换消除信号的平移干扰,对于原点的R（O）能量归一化处理,消除来自比例和尺度对信号幅度的影响,引入能量分布函数,消除来自空间旋转对匹配的影响,从原理上保证了频域相关对空域几何干扰的恒常性.实验结果表明,该算法能够有效消除来自空域的几何变化对模板匹配过程的干扰.     

信息时代图书馆馆员应实现三种转型

中从全面提高图书馆馆员综合素质出发，着重论述了图书馆馆员观念、知识结构、服务方式等三方面的转型。     

Adaptive lifting for shape-based image retrieval

We propose to use adaptive wavelet lifting for image retrieval systems that are based on shape detection and multiresolution structures of objects in a database against a background of texture. To measure the performance of our approach, feature vectors are computed based on moment invariants of detail coefficients produced by the adaptive lifting scheme and retrieval rates are obtained by measuring distances between these vectors. Retrieval rates are compared with the rates obtained when using non-adaptive wavelet filtering as a preprocessing step. A synthetic database is created for this simulation.     

稀土对BNbRE重轨钢组织及临界点的影响

研究了BNbRE钢中残留稀土元素对其相变临界点、退火后珠光体组织及热轧态奥氏体晶粒的影响.结果表明,钢中残留稀土元素使Ar1温度降低,Ms温度升高;奥氏体晶粒细化,铁素体量减少,珠光体量增多.     

Inductively Verifying Invariant Properties of Parameterized Systems

Verification of distributed algorithms can be naturally cast as verifying parameterized systems, the parameter being the number of processes. In general, a parameterized concurrent system represents an infinite family (of finite state systems) parameterized by a recursively defined type such as chains, trees. It is therefore natural to verify parameterized systems by inducting over this type. However, construction of such proofs require combination of model checking with deductive capability. In this paper, we develop a logic program transformation based proof methodology which achieves this combination. One of our transformations (unfolding) represents a single resolution step. Thus model checking can be achieved by repeated application of unfolding. Other transformations (such as folding) represent deductive reasoning and help recognize the induction hypothesis in an inductive proof. Moreover the unfolding and folding transformations can be arbitrarily interleaved in a proof, resulting in a tight integration of decision procedures (such as model checking) with deductive verification.Based on this technique, we have designed and implemented an invariant prover for parameterized systems. Our proof technique is geared to automate nested induction proofs which do not involve strengthening of induction hypothesis. The prover has been used to automatically verify invariant properties of parameterized cache coherence protocols, including broadcast protocols and protocols with global conditions. Furthermore, we have employed the prover for automatic verification of mutual exclusion in the Java Meta-Locking Algorithm. Meta-Locking is a distributed algorithm developed recently by designers in Sun Microsystems for ensuring secure access of Java objects by an arbitrary number of Java threads.     

Explicit solutions for the response probability density function of nonlinear transformations of static random inputs

This work is the second paper of two companion ones. Both of them show the use of a new version of the Probabilistic Transformation Method (PTM) for finding the probability density function (pdf) of a limited number of response quantities in the transformations of static random inputs. This is made without performing multi-dimensional integrals of the response total joint pdf for saturating the non-interested variables. While in the first paper the linear transformations have been considered, in the present one some nonlinear systems are taken into account. In particular, first the case when the loads on a linear structural system are a nonlinear combination of static random inputs is studied. Then the attention is placed on the case of nonlinear structural systems, for which the new version of the PTM allows to determine approximated, but accurate, results.     

Phase Transformations of α-Alumina Made from Waste Aluminum via a Precipitation Technique

We report on a recycling project in which α-Al₂O₃ was produced from aluminum cans because no such work has been reported in literature. Heated aluminum cans were mixed with 8.0 M of H₂SO₄ solution to form an Al₂(SO₄)₃ solution. The Al₂(SO₄)₃ salt was contained in a white semi-liquid solution with excess H₂SO₄; some unreacted aluminum pieces were also present. The solution was filtered and mixed with ethanol in a ratio of 2:3, to form a white solid of Al₂(SO₄)₃·18H₂O. The Al₂(SO₄)₃·18H₂O was calcined in an electrical furnace for 3 h at temperatures of 400–1400 °C. The heating and cooling rates were 10 °C/min. XRD was used to investigate the phase changes at different temperatures and XRF was used to determine the elemental composition in the alumina produced. A series of different alumina compositions, made by repeated dehydration and desulfonation of the Al₂(SO₄)₃·18H₂O, is reported. All transitional alumina phases produced at low temperatures were converted to α-Al₂O₃ at high temperatures. The X-ray diffraction results indicated that the α-Al₂O₃ phase was realized when the calcination temperature was at 1200 °C or higher.