Structural transition and atomic ordering of Ni49.8Mn28.5Ga21.7 ferromagnetic shape memory alloy powders prepared by ball milling

The Ni_49.8Mn_28.5Ga_21.7 powders of micro-scale irregular equiaxial particles are prepared by ball milling method, and characterized by XRD, DSC and SEM techniques. The powders are found to contain disordered fct structure. Upon heating to high temperatures, the crystal structure of the as-milled powder is found to evolve from disordered fct to disordered bcc and then to a Heusler-type structure sequentially. The critical temperature for the transition from the bcc phase to the Heusler phase is 360 °C. This phase transition process is also a disorder–order transition. An atomic ordering model similar to the grain nucleation and growth is established to explain the annealing temperature dependence of the phase transformation temperature.     

安庆皖江发电公司#2炉微油点火技术改造

在石油资源紧张的我国,做为燃油消费大户火力发电厂能否做到点火油耗的降低有着重要的意义。本文基于安徽安庆皖江发电厂#2炉的微油点火改造实际,对微油点火的优点、经济性及存在的问题进行了分析,并总结了经验。     

Effect of mechanical cutting and polishing on the shape memory transformation behavior of NiTi alloy

The results of the studies carried out on the effect of mechanical cutting and polishing on the transformation behavior of Ti-rich NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) heat-treated at 560 and 660 °C, are presented in this article. Among the samples heat-treated at 560 °C, the sample subjected to mechanical cutting and polishing (HT560MC) shows M → A on reverse phase transformation and A → R → M on forward transformation whereas chemically etched sample (HT560CE) shows the intermediate R-phase both during forward and reverse transformations. Heat treatment at a higher temperature of 660 °C does not facilitate the formation of R-phase in the reverse transformation and helps the formation of R-phase to a very small extent, that too only in HT660MC, during forward transformation due to the reduced dislocation density. Both the heat-treated samples show the effect of mechanical cutting and polishing even at 150th thermal cycling.     

Typechecking top-down XML transformations: Fixed input or output schemas

Typechecking consists of statically verifying whether the output of an XML transformation always conforms to an output type for documents satisfying a given input type. In this general setting, both the input and output schema as well as the transformation are part of the input for the problem. However, scenarios where the input or output schema can be considered to be fixed, are quite common in practice. In the present work, we investigate the computational complexity of the typechecking problem in the latter setting.     

New variable transformations for evaluating nearly singular integrals in 3D boundary element method

This work presents new variable transformations for accurate evaluation of the nearly singular integrals arising in the 3D boundary element method (BEM). The proposed method is an extension of the variable transformation method in Ref. [4] for 2D BEM to 3D BEM. In this paper, first a new system denoted as $(\alpha ,\beta )$ is introduced compared with the polar coordinate system. So the original transformations in Ref. [4] can be developed to 3D in $(\alpha ,\beta )$ or the polar coordinate system. Then, the new transformation is performed by four steps in case the source point coincides with the projection point or five steps otherwise. For each step, a new transformation is proposed based on the approximate distance function, so that all steps can finally be unified into a uniform formation. To perform integration on irregular elements, an adaptive integration scheme combined with the transformations is applied. Numerical examples compared with other methods are presented. The results demonstrate that our method is accurate and effective.     

Structural behavior of laser-irradiated γ-Fe2O3 nanocrystals dispersed in porous silica matrix : γ-Fe2O3 to α-Fe2O3 phase transition and formation of ε-Fe2O3

The effects of laser irradiation on γ-Fe₂O₃ 4 ± 1 nm diameter maghemite nanocrystals synthesized by co-precipitation and dispersed into an amorphous silica matrix by sol-gel methods have been investigated as function of iron oxide mass fraction. The structural properties of γ-Fe₂O₃ phase were carefully examined by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. It has been shown that γ-Fe₂O₃ nanocrystals are isolated from each other and uniformly dispersed in silica matrix. The phase stability of maghemite nanocrystals was examined in situ under laser irradiation by Raman spectroscopy and compared with that resulting from heat treatment by X-ray diffraction. It was concluded that ε-Fe₂O₃ is an intermediate phase between γ-Fe₂O₃ and α-Fe₂O₃ and a series of distinct Raman vibrational bands were identified with the ε-Fe₂O₃ phase. The structural transformation of γ-Fe₂O₃ into α-Fe₂O₃ occurs either directly or via ε-Fe₂O₃, depending on the rate of nanocrystal agglomeration, the concentration of iron oxide in the nanocomposite and the properties of silica matrix. A phase diagram is established as a function of laser power density and concentration.     

Fe-C间隙固溶体热力学模型

详细考察了目前文献中常用的几种Fe-C间隙固熔体热力学模型,并讨论了它们在钢中马氏体及贝氏体相变中的应用情况。首次表明KRC、LFG/MD以及X-K模型均不能用来建立奥氏体与马氏体中是否发生Spinodal分解的热力学判据。     

高温超导体RBa2Cu3Oy超导转变热力学

研究了稀土氧化物高温超导体RBa₂Cu₃O_y(R:一般为稀土元素)超导转变的相变性质,认为在没有外界磁场作用时超导转变为二级相变,有外界磁场作用时为一级相变。推导出超导体RBa₂Cu₃O_y在超导转变时体系的Gibbs自由能关系式。