EXTRACTION OF Zn AND Cd FROM CHLORIDE LIQUORS BY TRI-n-BUTYL PHOSPHATE

Studies have been made on the extraction of Zn and Cd by TBP(tri-n-butyl phosphate)from diluent hydrochloric acid solutions of soldium chloride.The experiments show that thespecies extracted from diluent HCI solutions of NaCl appear to be predominantly ZnCl_2·2TBP and CdCl_2·2TBP.For Cd,at lower acidities,anionic complexes of the typeH_2CdCl_3 are also extracted.As the acidity is increased,H_2CdCl_4 appear to be predominantcomplexes in organic phase.For Zn,the acidocomplexes of the type HZnCl_3 appear in organ-ic phase after the acidity of solutions reaching a certain value([HCl]>0.1 mol/L).Furthermore,the ultraviolet absorption spectra of both aqueous and organic phases have beenstudied,and the infrared spectra of the organic phases have been exomined.The extractionmechanism and temperature effect are also discussed.     

ICP-AES测定酵母中有害重金属方法的研究

本文建立了高压罐消化-ICP-AES测定酵母中As、Cd、Pb、Cu、Hg的分析方法。As、Cd、Pb、Cu和Hg五种元素方法的相对标准偏差RSD分别为:5.55％、3.83％、4.04％、2.0％和 6.25％,回收率在 95～105％之间,检出限分别为:0.227μg As/g;0.0174μg Cd/g;0.103μg Pb/g;0.098μg Cu/g;0.015μg Hg/g。     

膨润土对Cd2+的吸附作用及影响因素

研究了盐亭钙基膨润土的理化性质及其对Cd^2 的吸附作用。实验研究结果表明，该膨润土对重金属离子Cd^2 有较好的吸附作用，吸附作用受溶液pH值影响明显。膨润土对重金属离子的吸附主要通过离子交换作用进行，增加膨润土吸附剂添加量或加大溶液中Cd^2 浓度，均有利于提高膨润土对Cd^2 的吸附总量。膨润土对Cd^2 的吸附模式符合Frendlish方程。     

四川盆西平原区裸土扬尘中Pb、Cd化学形态的生物有效性

为探究四川盆西平原区裸土扬尘中Pb、Cd总质量分数与其生物有效性的规律,在构建的"阳离子型污染物土壤表层运移行为研究系统"内进行模拟起尘试验,对土壤样品进行Pb、Cd模拟污染试验,结果表明:试验条件下,四川盆西平原区裸土扬尘颗粒物中Pb、Cd的总质量分数随着粒径的减小而增大,其中Pb的化学形态以碳酸盐结合态为主(44....     

Simplified method for determining cadmium concentrations in rice foliage and soil by using a biosensor kit with immunochromatography

BACKGROUND: The behavior of cadmium in ecosystems needs to be monitored because of the human toxicity of this heavy metal. The need recently arose for a simple and quick on‐site test for trace levels of Cd in food and environmental samples. In response, an immunochromatographic assay kit for detecting Cd was manufactured by Kansai Electric Power Co. of Japan. This kit uses the antigen–antibody complex reaction between the Cd–EDTA complex and an anti‐Cd–EDTA antibody and shows the results in terms of the degree of color developed on a test paper. We previously reported the successful use of this kit to determine Cd concentrations in brown rice. Here, we applied the kit to the determination of Cd concentrations in rice foliage and soil. RESULTS: Cadmium in rice foliage was not extracted successfully by the method used for brown rice. However, it was successfully extracted by 0.1 mol L^?1 HCl solution at a rice foliage:HCl ratio of 1:20, and coexisting metals were removed sufficiently by the column treatment. The Cd concentrations determined by immunochromatographic assay were well correlated with the values obtained by acid decomposition and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The 0.1 mol L^?1 HCl‐extractable Cd concentration in soil was also determined successfully with the kit. CONCLUSION: Approximate Cd concentrations in rice plants and 0.1 mol L^?1 HCl‐extractable Cd concentrations in soil can be monitored easily and quickly by this method at locations where facilities for acid digestion and precision analysis are not available. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

用纳米粉制备线性NTC敏感陶瓷材料

重点研究了由CdO-SnO2-WO3系列(简称Cd-Sn-W)和CdO-Sb2O3-WO3系列(简称Cd-Sb-W)及由它们共同组成的双基体三相(Cd2Sb2O7,CdSnO3,CdWO4)结构线性敏感陶瓷的制备方法。给出了上述半导体陶瓷的电子转移式;分析了半导相Cd2Sb2O7和CdSnO3的导电机理和电阻-温度(R-T)曲线呈线性的机理,并对其他相关特性进行了分析和研究。独立地设计了用化学共沉淀方法制备上述NTC(负温度系数)陶瓷微粉的化学反应方程式,并对聚乙二醇和无水乙醇在制备纳米微粉时所起的防止颗粒发生团聚现象的作用进行了分析。由于大分子量的聚乙二醇几乎是无毒的,对人体基本无毒害作用,因而有广泛的推广价值。     

ZnxCd(1-x)S薄膜的制备及其光电性质的研究

用化学池沉积法制备了不同锌含量的 Znx Cd( 1 -x) S薄膜 ,并阐述了不同锌含量对薄膜性能的影响及其原因。通过 X射线衍射、扫描电镜、光谱透过率等测试方法表明 ,在 0 .4相似文献   

超高倍率镉镍电池在内燃机车上的使用

介绍了供内燃机车启动使用的GNC170-(5)阀控式镉镍超高倍率碱性蓄电池的研制及应用,讨论了电池电性能及装车实验所表现的优良启动能力.该蓄电池于2001年随机车出口坦桑尼亚和赞比亚等国,目前,运行良好.     

Microstructural and mechanical property changes with aging of Mo-41Re and Mo-47.5Re alloys

The changes in microstructure and mechanical properties of Mo-41Re and Mo-47.5Re alloys were investigated following 1100 h thermal aging at 1098, 1248 and 1398 K. The electrical resistivity, hardness and tensile properties of the alloys were measured both before and after aging, along with the alloy microstructures though investigation by optical and electron microscopy techniques. The Mo-41Re alloy retained a single-phase solid solution microstructure following 1100 h aging at all temperatures, exhibiting no signs of precipitation, despite measurable changes in resistivity and hardness in the 1098 K aged material. Annealing Mo-47.5Re for 1 h at 1773 K resulted in a two-phase αMo + σ structure, with subsequent aging at 1398 K producing a further precipitation of the σ phase along the grain boundaries. This resulted in increases in resistivity, hardness and tensile strength with a corresponding reduction in ductility. Aging Mo-47.5Re at 1098 and 1248 K led to the development of the χ phase along grain boundaries, resulting in decreased resistivity and increased hardness and tensile strength while showing no loss in ductility relative to the as-annealed material.     

Phase relations in the ternary Cu-Ga-In system

The phase relations of the Cu-Ga-In system were investigated in a composition range which is relevant for the production of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ based thin film solar cells. The alloys Cu₁₆(In_{1 − y}Ga_y)₉, Cu₉(Ga,In)₄ and elemental In could be identified as the equilibrium phases of a ternary subsystem in the Cu-Ga-In phase diagram. The coexisting phases are well developed until 220 °C. In the case of Cu₉Ga₄ it is remarkable that the solubility of In in Cu₉Ga₄ highly increases with increasing temperature. Consequences for the selenization of metallic Cu-In-Ga precursors are discussed.