壁面粗糙度对瓦斯爆炸火焰波传播的影响

在实验研究的基础上，分析了壁面粗糙度对瓦斯爆炸过程中火焰传播规律的重要影响．研究结果表明，壁面粗糙度对瓦斯爆炸过程的影响很大，相比光滑管道，粗糙管的火焰速度大幅度提高；对于管道终端闭口系统和开口系统的瓦斯爆炸过程，壁面粗糙度对两种系统的影响规律是一致的，影响程度比较接近．基于壁面粗糙度对瓦斯爆炸影响的实验结论，从理论上分析了壁面粗糙度对高速传播的火焰区的影响，并对实验现象做出了合理解释．因此，在矿井开拓中，应尽可能减小巷道壁面的粗糙度．研究结果对指导现场如何防治瓦斯爆炸，减轻瓦斯爆炸的威力具有重要作用．     

不同出射角度对气膜冷却流场的影响

采用RNGk-ε湍流模型对射流出射角度α为90o、正、负60o和正、负30o的气膜冷却流场进行了数值模拟,结合SIMPLEC算法求解了适体坐标系下的控制方程,近壁区流动采用两层模型的壁面函数法处理,结果给出了射流与主气流速度比R为2和4时的射流轨迹和速度场。结果表明:R和α值是影响气膜冷却流场的重要因素,R值增加,冷气射流对主流场影响区域增加,α值为负时,射流对主流场上游影响区域较大,当α值为30o时,射流影响区域减小;当α为正值时,随α值的减小,射流喷孔下游背风侧的分离现象逐渐消失。     

现代光学新分支学科——气动光学

从气动光学学科发展历程出发，介绍了气动光学提出的背景，提出了气动光学的定义及内涵、研究对象和研究方法，描述了气动光学研究的主要内容：气动光学效应机理研究、气动光学效应校正方法研究、气动光学效应校正验证试验研究和高速飞行器光学窗口技术研究；详细阐述了国内开展气动光学学科理论基础、工程建模、试验原理及试验方法等研究途径，给出了一些典型的研究结果，指出了学科的应用前景和发展趋势。     

变压器油搅拌设备的设计计算

在变压器油处理系统中,搅拌器是比较关键的设备。变压器油在其中被加热并通过搅拌器搅拌,与吸附剂充分混合,使变压器油中的有害杂质吸附在吸附剂中,再通过过滤设备过滤,从而得到纯净的变压器油。本文论述了变压器油处理搅拌设备的设计方法。     

鹿茸促菌作用的微量热法研究

用2277热活性检测仪测定了鹿茸对金黄色葡萄球菌,大肠杆菌促菌作用的热功率-时间曲线,建立了促菌作用的实验模型,计算出了不同浓度的鹿茸促菌作用下的生长速率常数,根据生长速率常数与所用鹿茸浓度的关系曲线,确定了最佳用药浓度.     

PROMOTER FLOW ACTION OF SOLID-STATE LOW MELT POINT METAL ON THE POLYPROPYLENE

With the aid of a slip-disentanglement theo-ry,a reological equation has been deduced about the compos-ite system of solid-state low melting point metal and poly-mer. By measuring some rheological properties of the compos-ite system composed of low melt point metal and polypropy-lene (LMPM/PP),the results show that LMPM has a pro-moter flow action upon PP when using a small amount ofLMPM and , if some coupled agents are added,the promoterflow action will be remarkable. Moreover, while LMPM beingadded into the composite,the temperature sensitivity of systemwill go up. This indicates that the system’s viscosity will dropfurther if its temperature is increased.     

Numerical simulation of turbulent flow in helically coiled open-channels with compound cross-sections

Turbulence structure in a helically coiled open channel flow is numerically simulated using three different turbulence models-the Launder and Ying model, the Naot and Rodi model, and the nonlinear k-ε model (SY model). Simulation results were compared with observation of (i) turbulent flows in alternating point-bar type channel bends with rectangular sections, and (ii) straight open channel flows with compound cross-sections. Based on calculations of the impact of various channel curvatures on turbulence characteristics, accuracy of the three turbulence models was analyzed with observed data as a qualitative reference. It has been found out that the Launder and Ying model and the nonlinear k-εmodel are able to predict the same general trend as measured data, and the simulation of the effect of the centrifugal force on the formation of secondary currents produces a correct pattern.     

Effect of electromagnetic force on turbulent flow of molten metal in aluminum electrolysis cells

The standard κ-ε model was adopted to simulate the flow field of molten metal in three aluminum electrolysis cells with different anode risers. The Hartman number, Reynolds number and the turbulent Reynolds number of molten metal were calculated quantitatively. The turbulent Reynolds number is in the order of 10^3 , and Reynolds number is in the order of 104 if taking the depth of molten metal as the characteristic length. The results show that the molten metal flow is the turbulence of high Reynolds number, the turbulent Reynolds number is more appropriate than Reynolds number to be used to describe the turbulent characteristic of molten metal, and Hartman number displays very well that electromagnetic force inhibits turbulent motion of molten metal.     

Calculation of Heat Transfer Coefficients on a Flat Plate by Pseudo Direct Numerical Simulation of Turbulence

Pseudo direct numerical simulation applying the finite difference method is performed on a fully-developed turbulent flow through parallel flat walls heated by uniform flux. The study is aimed at examining the influence brought to the turbulent field calculation by differences in the level of spatial resolution obtainable in the streamwise and spanwise directions. All in all, satisfactory results are obtained for the mean profiles and second-order moments of velocity and temperature, as well as on the Nusselt number of various flows presenting-various Prandtl numbers. Differences in the level of spatial resolution prove to affect little the accuracy of calculated results.