壅塞空化器设计及其处理污水的可行性研究

在分析直管中气液两相混合流的壅塞空化现象,射流泵发生极限工况时的壅塞空化现象,经过倒角的圆柱管在定常和非定常流动下的壅塞空化现象,在阶梯圆管中的稳态绝热闪蒸流中的壅塞空化现象的基础上,提出了一种新型的空化器——壅塞空化器;通过采集分析空化噪声和处理模拟污水(苯酚溶液)的实验,对壅塞空化器在污水处理应用中的可行性进行了初步研究。实验结果表明:壅塞空化器模拟处理污水的效果较好,其空化能量比振荡腔喷嘴高,从而为国内外研究空化发生器开辟了一条新途径。     

水沙动力学适用牛顿流体的基本方程

通过改进蔡树棠两相流基本方程的相间阻力项,建立能够进行二维解析研究的水沙动力学基本方程.该研究给出沙相压力和沙相粘性切应力的学科定义,以及它们的本构关系.对于牛顿流体,当输沙稳定时,挟沙水流的能坡与清水并无差别.沙相压力的二阶导数不为零是泥沙扩散条件,也是凹岸冲、凸岸淤自然现象的力学本质.蔡树棠方程隐含着流体的粘性切应力按运动组成可以分解或叠加的物理性质.正是这个结构性特点,给了解答浑水粘性这个古老的力学难题的方法,使我们能够完整地推导出牛顿流体沙相运动学粘滞系数vs公式;推导并证明了浑水综合粘滞系数μm=εv+ svνs,而不是习惯使用的μm=v+svvs.探讨了影响vs值的一些复杂因素,如颗粒表面束缚水的影响.本文研究能够证明:对分散相应用连续介质原理不仅可行,且是遵从压力传递规律惟一的正确方法.而揭示粘性切应力的结构性,在多相流和流变学领域具有深远的意义.     

气固二相流中粉体的运动分析

空气输送属于气固二相流的范畴.对粉体与气流的相互作用力、单个粒子的运动、管道中粒子群的运动以及静止粉体层的压力损失进行了分析并推导了运动方程.     

离心式纸浆泵内部流动的数值模拟

为研究小流量工况下离心式纸浆泵内部流动特性,采用Mixture多相流模型对某一离心式纸浆泵内部流动进行三维不可压两相湍流流动计算,并与清水工况的计算结果进行了比较。对比分析了不同流量工况及介质对泵内流体速度、压力和体积浓度分布的影响,并预测了水力性能。结果显示:纸浆泵叶轮流道内速度变化不均,存在大面积回流;相同介质时,流量越小叶轮流道内部流动越不稳定;相同工况下,清水介质下的流动较两相流时更为稳定;两相流时泵的扬程及效率整体都低于清水介质;纸浆分布局部不均,叶片表面进口处叶根和叶顶部位浓度较大,易造成局部磨损,降低叶轮寿命。     

NUMERICAL STUDY OF NON-AQUEOUS PHASE LIQUID TRANSPORT IN A SINGLE FILLED FRACTURE BY LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD

In this article,the Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid(NAPL)transport in the single filled fracture was studied with the Shan-Chen multi-component multiphase Lattice Boltzmann Method(LBM)with special consideration of wettability effects.With the help of the model,the contact angle of the non-wetting phase and wetting phase interface at a solid wall could be adjusted.By considering a set of appropriate boundary conditions,the fractured conductivity was investigated in condition that the NAPL blocks the channels in the single filled fracture.In order to study the wettability effects on the NAPL transport,a constant driving force was introduced in the Shan-Chen multi-component multiphase LBM.Flow regimes with different wettabilities were discussed.Simulated results show that the LBM is a very instrumental method for simulating and studying the immiscible multiphase flow problems in single filled fracture.     

Stochastic formulation of particle kinetics in wall-bounded two-phase flows

This paper presents a generalized framework of stochastic modeling for particle kinetics in wall-bounded flow. We modified a reflected Brownian motion process and straightforwardly obtained a Kramers equation for particle probability density function (PDF). After the wall effects were accounted for as a drift from zero in the mean displacement and suppression in the diffusivity of a particle, an analytical solution was worked out for PDF. Three distinguishable mechanisms were identified to affect the profile of particle probability distribution: external forces, turbophoresis effect, and wall-drift effect. The proposed formulation covers the Huang et al. (2009) model of a wall that produces electrostatic repulsion force and van der Waals force, as well as Monte-Carlo solutions for the Peter and Barenbrug (2002) model under a variety of relaxation times. Moreover, it successfully reproduces the two patterns of particle concentration profiles observed in experiments of sediment-laden open-channel flows. The strength of the wall-drift effect was found to be connected with the interaction frequency between particle and wall. Further exploration of the relationship among flow turbulence, particle inertia, and particle concentration is worthwhile.     

输电线路两相短路故障行波分析

对于输电线路的行波定位而言,故障行波的分析具有重要研究意义。本文利用叠加原理和相模变换方法分析了两相经过渡电阻短路情况下初始行波、折射行波、反射行波的幅值、极性、折反射系数与波阻抗及过渡电阻的关系,最后给出了相应的结论。     

油水两相流非活塞式驱替的数值算法探讨

本文讨论了油藏数值模拟中油水两相驱替的数值计算方法．通过利用特征线方法分析Buckley-Leverett方程,提出了活塞式驱替和非活塞式驱替的严格数学划分条件．由于非活塞式驱替的饱和度在全场连续,本文建议在此情况下对网格界面处相对渗透率的离散值不采用常用的在迎风方向取值的做法,而直接取相邻网格的算术平均值．数值计算结果表明,对非活塞式驱替而言,该算法不仅可以提高计算精度,而且可以减小网格取向效应．     

基于MS3110的微小电容读取电路设计

MS3110具有良好的微电容测量性能,可以满足电容法在气/固两相流测量中的应用。提供一种基于通用电容读取芯片MS3110的微小电容读取电路,并对MS3110的可编程参数设置做详细介绍。电路设计中使用89S52单片机对MS3110芯片进行编程控制和数据读取,最终实现对静态电容和动态电容的测量,并通过串口传输至上位机实时显示。     

应用电导探针测定鼓泡塔内气泡参数

介绍了一种性能稳定的双头电导探针的制作工艺、测量原理。并用此电导探针测量了一定静液层高的带单个泡罩的鼓泡塔内气液两相流参数,包括局部气含率、界面浓度、当量直径等,并首次回归了局部气含率随空间位置、气体流量变化的关联式。