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81.
功能化的介孔分子筛碱催化性能的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以苯甲醛与氰乙酸乙酯的Knoevenagel缩合为模型反应,研究了用γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷或γ-乙二胺丙基三甲氧基硅烷功能化的纯硅介也分子筛HMS(Hexagonal mesoporous silica)的碱催化性能。结果表明,除个别碱基负载量高的样品外,功能化样品对反应显示很高的催化活性,反应的初期活性不仅取决于催化剂上活性中心的密度,而且与载体的孔道结构有关。大孔径载体有利于反应物、产物的扩散,故在高负载量时,大孔径样品比小孔样品有更高的活性。此外,还考察了反应温度、溶剂、反应物配比和催化剂用量等条件的影响以及催化剂的重复使用情况。结果表明,反应可在低于100℃的温和条件下进行,有明显的溶剂效应,反应物配比和催化剂用量存在一最佳值;随使用次数的增加,催化剂逐渐中毒而失活。 相似文献
82.
83.
Yueling Dai Peng Yang Lianzang Chen Kejian Liao 《Petroleum Science and Technology》2002,20(5):621-632
The boron heteroatom zeolite catalyst has been modified with silicon compound by Chemical Surface Deposition of Liquid-phase (CLD) technique and the catalytic property of the modified catalyst is studied. Meanwhile, the acidity of the modified zeolite catalysts is characterized through TPD and IR technique, and the fluid adsorption method is used to determine its pore structure. The relationship between the catalytic property of the zeolite catalyst and its pore structure, its acidity has been found. The results of toluene-ethylene alkylation reaction indicate that the selectivity of p-ethyltoluene on the modified zeolite catalyst is higher than that on the zeolite catalyst before silanizated, reaching 94.14%. 相似文献
84.
The interfacial reactions between liquid In and Cu substrates at temperatures ranging from 175°C to 400°C are investigated
for the applications in bonding recycled sputtering targets to their backing plates. Experimental results show that a scallop-shaped
Cu16In9 intermetallic compound is found at the Cu/In interface after solder reactions at temperatures above 300°C. A double-layer
structure of intermetallic compounds containing scallop-shaped Cu11In9 and continuous CuIn is observed after the Cu/In interfacial reaction at temperatures below 300°C. The growth of all these
intermetallic compounds follows the parabolic law, which implies that the growth is diffusion-controlled. The activation energies
for the growth of Cu16In9, Cu11In9, and CuIn intermetallic compounds calculated from the Arrhenius plot of growth reaction constants are 59.5, 16.9, and 23.5
kJ/mole, respectively. 相似文献
85.
86.
O. Khamman 《Materials Letters》2007,61(3):639-643
The solid-state mixed oxide method via a rapid vibro-milling technique is explored in the preparation of single-phase nickel niobate (NiNb2O6) powders. The formation of the NiNb2O6 phase in the calcined powders has been investigated as a function of calcination conditions by TG-DTA and XRD techniques. Morphology, particle size and chemical composition have been determined via a combination of SEM and EDX techniques. It has been found that the minor phases of unreacted NiO and Nb2O5 precursors and the Ni4Nb2O9 phase tend to form together with the columbite NiNb2O6 phase, depending on calcination conditions. More importantly, it is seen that optimization of calcination conditions can lead to a single-phase NiNb2O6 in an orthorhombic phase. 相似文献
87.
R. Wongmaneerung W. Chaisan O. Khamman R. Yimnirun S. Ananta 《Ceramics International》2008,34(4):813-817
The potential of the vibro-milling technique as a simple method to obtain usable quantities of single-phase electroceramic powders with nanosized particles was examined. A detailed study considering the role of both milling time and firing condition on phase formation and particle size of the final product was performed. The calcination temperature for the formation of the desired phase was lower when longer milling times have been applied. More importantly, by employing an appropriate choice of the milling time and calcination condition, high purity electroceramic nanopowders have been successfully prepared with a simple solid-state reaction method. 相似文献
88.
The formation of aluminum matrix composites fabricated by exothermic dispersion reaction in A1-TiO2-B2O3 system was investigated. The thermal analysis results show that the reactions are spontaneous and exothermic. The Gibbs free energy of α-Al2O3 is the lowest among all the combustion products, followed by TiB2 and Al3Ti. It is noted that when the B2O3/TiO2 mole ratio is below 1, the reaction products are composed of particle-like α-Al2O3, TiB2 and rod-like Al3Ti. The α-Al2O3 crystallites, resulting from the reaction between A1 and TiO2 or B2O3, are segregated at the grain boundaries due to a lower wettability with the matrix. SEM micrographs show that rod-like Al3Ti phase distributes uniformly in the matrix. When the BEO3/TiO2 mole ratio is around 1, the Al3Ti phase almost disappears in the composites, and the distribution of α-Al2O3 particulates is improved evidently. 相似文献
89.
Calculations and detailed first principle and thermodynamic analyses have been performed to understand the formation mechanism of K2Ti6O13 nanowires (NWs) by a hydrothermal reaction between bulk Na2Ti3O7 crystals and a KOH solution. It is found that direct ion exchange between K+ and Na+ plus H+ interactions with [TiO6] octahedra in Na2Ti3O7 promote the formation of an intermediate H2K2Ti6O14 phase. The large lattice mismatch between this intermediate phase and the bulk Na2Ti3O7 structure, and the large energy reduction associated with the formation of this intermediate phase, drive the splitting of the bulk crystal into H2K2Ti6O14 NWs. However, these NWs are not stable because of large [TiO6] octahedra distortion and are subject to a dehydration process, which results in uniform K2Ti6O13 NWs with narrowly distributed diameters of around 10 nm. 相似文献
90.
PENG Zhensheng GUO Huanyin YAN Guoqing MAO Qiang 《稀有金属(英文版)》2007,26(4):317-322
The perovskite manganite sample La0.3Ca0.7Mn1-xWxO3 (x = 0.08, 0.12) was prepared by the solid-state reaction method. The effect of W doping on the Mn site to La0.3Ca0.7MnO3 charge ordering phase and the changing process of magnetic properties were studied through the measurement of the M-T curve, M-H curves, and ESR curves of the sample. The results showed that when x = 0.08, the charge ordering (CO) phase exists in the system, the transition temperature Tco= 275 K, and the system exhibits PM when T 〉 275 K. The system transforms from spin-disordering paramagnetism to spin-ordering antiferromagnetism in the charge ordering state with the temperature decreasing from 275 K to 230 K. The long-range antiferromagnetism forms and AFM/CO states coexist between 230 K and 5 K. There is a little ferromagnetic component in the AFM/CO background in a low temperature range. When x = 0.12, the CO phase in the system has almost melted completely. There is a little remnant of the CO phase below 150 K. The system exhibits paramagnetism when T 〉 150 K and transforms from paramagnetism to ferromagnetism when T〈 150 K. 相似文献