微波辐射下HPA快速催化合成丁酸异戊酯

在微波辐射下，以杂多酸HPA为催化剂，快速合成丁酸异戊酯，确定了酯化的优化条件。实验结果表明，醇酸物质的量比为1．9，催化剂用量为反应物料的1．O％，微波功率为800w，反应时间为20min，酯收率超过96％。     

超声波消除泡沫的研究

研究了超声波消除泡沫的原理，通过实验得出消泡时间、起泡剂浓度与频率之间的关系，从而为工业应用提供了重要的工艺参数。     

Electron beam irradiation of ethylene‐propylene terpolymer: Evaluation of trimethylol propane trimethacrylate as a crosslink promoter

The effect of electron beam irradiation on ethylene‐propylene terpolymer (EPDM) was investigated. A 50‐part oil‐extended EPDM with high termonomer (ENB) content (iodine number of base polymer) 19, was selected for this study. An increase in irradiation dose from 0 to 200 kGy resulted in increased crosslinking, measured by an increase in gel contents and better swelling resistance. The effect of the multifunctional monomer trimethylol propane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA) as a crosslink promoter was studied using IR spectroscopy. The IR studies revealed enhanced peak absorbances at 1725, 1257, and 1023 cm^?1 as a result of the increased concentration of C = O and C‐O‐C groups and reduced absorbance at 1630 cm^?1 due decreased concentration of C = C groups with TMPTMA level in the irradiated samples. The presence of TMPTMA increased the level of crosslinking at a given irradiation dose, which was manifested by improvement in tensile properties. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 968–975, 2005     

Photoinduced Polymerization in the Wall of Hollow Capsules

Summary: Novel light‐sensitive hollow capsules were fabricated from the small molecule 3‐sulfopropylacrylate potassium (SPA) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH). With UV irradiation, SPA could be photopolymerized in the wall of hollow capsules. After photopolymerization the capsule size and surfaces showed pronounced differences. The capsules became much more rigid as indicated by an increase in the modulus of more than a factor of 5.

CLSM image of SPA/PAH hollow capsule emission at 554 nm, from rhodamine B after photopolymerization.     

基于SOPC的高精度超声波温度计设计

根据在介质中超声波的传播速度随温度变化而变化的特点为设计原理,以基于Nios II处理器软核的可编程系统级芯片(SOPC)为控制核心,设计了高精度超声波温度计。在SOPC上同时实现了高频信号发生器模块、高速信号电路控制模块、信号自动采集控制模块以及Nios II软核处理器模块,缩小了体积,并降低了成本。传播时间的精确测量采用软件细分插补算法,经过理论分析和实验验证,该方法能够达到ns级超声波传播时间的测量,使设计的超声波温度计能够实现分辨率优于0.001℃的温度测量。     

基于超声波雷达传感器的AGV导航参数选择

针对自主导引车(AGV)的已有导引方式灵活性差和精度低等问题,提出使用超声波雷达传感器实现AGV自主导航并设置合理的导航模型参数。分别建立AGV的运动学模型和传感器的观测模型,为了表征实际的系统误差,基于一致性检测原理为过程模型和观测模型添加乘性或加性噪声。仿真结果表明:设置适当的噪声参数大小,可以实现AGV沿基准路线的自主导航运动。     

超声波传感器深度增益补偿电路设计

为了补偿超声探伤信号在动车组转向架中的传播损耗,利用超声波传感器,根据深度增益补偿的基本原理和微弱信号在不同深度处的衰减规律,设计了基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的数字可控制式的增益放大补偿方法和电路。由XC6SLX16型FPGA的PLL模块产生精确的时钟控制信号,并输出数字量到DA芯片产生补偿电压曲线控制AD8330的放大增益倍数,再使深度补偿增益后的回波模拟信号进入LTC2249芯片内转换成数字信号,以便为下级数字信号再处理使用。实验结果表明:在超声波探伤仪系统的电路输入端加入频率为5 MHz、峰峰值为2 mV的正弦波激励后,通过改变步进值为5 dB的3种不同增益的大小,可以实现不同的放大增益,使衰减得到补偿。     

超声波传感器在沙子料位检测中的应用

为提高混凝土的质量,配比很重要,其中沙子精确计量是关键因素之一。提出并设计了超声波系统测量沙子料位;为保证测量精度,采取自动增益控制电路和温度补偿。经实验证明:该方法简单、可行,为沙子质量的检测提供了一种新的参考方法。     

Gamma‐ray irradiation effect of polyethylene on dimaleimides as a class of new multifunctional monomers

Multifunctional monomers, m‐xylylenedimaleimide, p‐phenylenedimaleimide, m‐phenylenedimaleimide, and p‐phenylenedinadimide, all of which have maleimide groups, were synthesized to increase thermal and radiation stabilities. The synthesized multifunctional monomers showed good compatibility with low‐density polyethylene (LDPE). Mixtures of LDPE and these multifunctional monomers were irradiated with γ‐rays from a Co‐60 source at room temperature in a nitrogen atmosphere. The absorbed dose ranged from 0 to 160 KGy. Among these multifunctional monomers, m‐xylylenedimaleimide was the best in gel fraction enhancement. Crosslinked LDPE with m‐xylylenedimaleimide displayed a higher modulus than that of crosslinked LDPE with triallyl cyanurate. For the elongation property, LDPE with m‐xylylenedimaleimide as a multifunctional monomer showed better results than that with commercial multifunctional monomers such as triallyl cyanurate (TAC) and trimethylol propane triacrylate (TMPTA). © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 2339–2345, 2003     

JOB-9003炸药"激热"冲击损伤破坏及超声特征

进行了未经热处理的JOB-9003塑料粘结炸药(PBX)标准压缩试样的"激热"冲击损伤破坏试验,对试样热冲击试验前后的超声波特性参量进行了检测,试验显示出JOB-9003炸药存在一个明显的"激热"冲击损伤破坏临界温度差,并获得了试样热冲击损伤破坏的超声波参量特征.