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121.
采用毛细管动态流变仪,选用PELD、PP、PS和PA等典型物料,研究了毛细管动态挤出下各聚合物熔体的非线性流变行为。结果表明,不同物料的流变行为对振动力场的响应特性有较大差异,只有在一定的振幅和频率下振动力场才能有效降低熔体的黏度。实验首次发现,PP、PS和PA存在窄的振动参数区域,在此区域内,熔体的动态表观黏度值大于相应的稳态值,出现“加振变黏”现象。这一新的发现表明,并非“只要引入振动就一定有利于聚合物材料的成型加工”,必须考虑不同分子结构的聚合物材料对振动的不同响应规律。 相似文献
122.
超支化聚酯树脂在涂料中的应用 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
超支化聚合物具有高度支化的分子结构,及大量官能端基,在合成工艺上易于工业化生产。简介了超支化聚酯的特性,及其在高固低黏涂料、UV固化和粉末涂料中的应用。 相似文献
123.
The effect of ultrasonic vibration and binary processing aid in improving the processability of metallocene linear low‐density polyethylene (mLLDPE) was investigated. During extrusion, ultrasonic vibration clearly reduced the die pressure and apparent viscosity of mLLDPE but had only a slight effect on its melt fracture. The effect of diatomite/PEG binary processing aid (BPA) was excellent in reducing the viscosity and eliminating the sharkskin fracture of mLLDPE. The effect of ultrasonic vibration and binary processing aid in improving the processability of mLLDPE was synergetic. With a combination of ultrasonic vibration and a small amount of processing aid, the flowability of mLLDPE was further improved, and the critical shear rate for the onset of sharkskin fracture was increased. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1927–1935, 2007 相似文献
124.
吡咯烷基-N-甲酸,丙烯酸乙二醇酯的合成及其光聚合动力学的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
合成了不含氢键的低粘度的吡咯烷基-N-甲酸-丙烯酸乙二醇酯(PLW),并采用实时红外光谱法检测了光强和光引发剂浓度对光聚合动力学的影响。随着光强的增加光聚合的最终转化率基本不变,但是光聚合速率有明显的增加,并且达到最大聚合速率的时间也缩短。随着光引发剂浓度的增加,最终转化率和最大聚合速率都有了显著的增加。所合成单体的转化率在30 s内能达到90%以上。 相似文献
125.
126.
127.
Ionic liquids as electrolytes 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Salts having a low melting point are liquid at room temperature, or even below, and form a new class of liquids usually called room temperature ionic liquids (RTIL). Information about RTILs can be found in the literature with such key words as: room temperature molten salt, low-temperature molten salt, ambient-temperature molten salt, liquid organic salt or simply ionic liquid. Their physicochemical properties are the same as high temperature ionic liquids, but the practical aspects of their maintenance or handling are different enough to merit a distinction. The class of ionic liquids, based on tetraalkylammonium cation and chloroaluminate anion, has been extensively studied since late 1970s of the XX century, following the works of Osteryoung. Systematic research on the application of chloroaluminate ionic liquids as solvents was performed in 1980s. However, ionic liquids based on aluminium halides are moisture sensitive. During the last decade an increasing number of new ionic liquids have been prepared and used as solvents. The general aim of this paper was to review the physical and chemical properties of RTILs from the point of view of their possible application as electrolytes in electrochemical processes and devices. The following points are discussed: melting and freezing, conductivity, viscosity, temperature dependence of conductivity, transport and transference numbers, electrochemical stability, possible application in aluminium electroplating, lithium batteries and in electrochemical capacitors. 相似文献
128.
The relative viscosity (RV) of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with different molecular weights was measured with a glass capillary viscometer and with a differential dual‐capillary viscometer in water at different concentrations. For the differential dual‐capillary viscometer, RV increases with a decreasing flow rate, especially for high molecular weight PVP at a 1% concentration. A good agreement in the RV between the two methods can be obtained for PVP with different molecular weights and at various concentrations if an appropriate flow rate is selected for the differential dual‐capillary viscometer. Special precaution is needed when using the differential dual‐capillary viscometer to measure the viscosity of a pure solvent. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 1312–1315, 2002 相似文献
129.
130.
C. Kapseu G. J. Kayem D. Balesdent L. Schuffenecker 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1991,68(2):128-130
Cold fractionation of cottonseed oil is made difficult by the high viscosity of the oil. This study was aimed at demonstrating
the effect of solvents on the viscosity of mixtures between 0°C and 25°C with a view to facilitating the fractionation of
refined cottonseed oil. The solvents used were acetone, methylethylketone, methylisobutylketone, hexane and heptane. Measurements
of viscosity were carried out by means of a capillary viscometer. The ratio of the viscosity of cottonseed oil to that of
pure solvents is of the order of 300. The viscosities of solutions of various ratios of solvent to oil (1/3, 1/1, 3/1) are
between those of cottonseed oil and the pure solvents. The effect of the solvent/oil ratio overrides that of solvent nature.
The effect of solvent in reducing the viscosity of cottonseed oil is by descending order: acetone, hexane, methylethylketone,
heptane, methylisobutylketone. 相似文献