Influence of ethyl methacrylate content on the volume‐phase transition of temperature‐sensitive poly[(N‐isopropylacrylamide)‐co‐(ethyl methacrylate)] microgels

A novel series of temperature‐sensitive poly[(N‐isopropylacrylamide)‐co‐(ethyl methacrylate)] (p(NIPAM‐co‐EMA)) microgels was prepared by the surfactant‐free radical polymerization of N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) with ethyl methacrylate (EMA). The shape, size dispersity and volume‐phase transition behavior of the microgels were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The transmission electron micrographs and DLS results showed that microgels with narrow distributions were prepared. It was shown from UV–Vis, DLS and DSC measurements that the volume‐phase transition temperature (VPTT) of the p(NIPAM‐co‐EMA) microgels decreased with increasing incorporation of EMA, but the temperature‐sensitivity was impaired when more EMA was incorporated, causing the volume‐phase transition of the microgels to become more continuous. It is noteworthy that incorporation of moderate amounts of EMA could not only lower the VPTT but also enhance the temperature‐sensitivity of the microgels. The reason for this phenomenon could be attributed to changes in the complicated interactions between the various molecules. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

在UNIX工作站上实现SYBASE数据库的空间扩展

七号信令网管系统的数据库服务器采用惠普UNIX工作站及SYBASE数据库。由于采集的数据量增大，原先设计的数据库空间不能满足数据存储三个月的要求．因此采用一块外置硬盘对数据库空间进行扩展。详细地介绍了SYBASE数据库空间扩展的全过程。     

Elimination of organic matter present in wastewaters from the cork industry by membrane filtration

BACKGROUND: The first stage of the cork industrial process generates great volumes of wastewater with moderate to high organic pollutant content that must be purified using different procedures, such as filtration by membranes. RESULTS: The tangential filtration of these wastewaters was studied using two different laboratory equipments. In the first one, three ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were tested, with molecular weight cut‐off (MWCO) 100 kDa and 30 kDa, and two operating modes were used: total recycling of permeate and retentate streams, and in continuous mode, without recycling both streams. In the total recycling UF experiments, the influence of the operating variables on the permeate flux was first established. The effectiveness of the different membranes was determined by evaluating the rejection coefficients for several parameters that measure the global pollutant content of the effluent. The values found for these rejection coefficients were in the following order: ellagic acid and color > absorbance at 254 nm > tannic content > COD (chemical oxygen demand). In the continuous mode experiments, the fouling mechanism for each membrane was established by fitting the experimental data to various filtration fouling models given in the literature. The operating mode in the second equipment was batch concentration, and additional experiments were carried out with an UF membrane (2 kDa), and with a NF membrane (with MWCO in the range 150–300 Da). CONCLUSIONS: The three operating modes tested provided different rejection levels of organic matter; among them, the most effective procedure tested was batch concentration mode using a NF membrane. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

A new stereological principle for test lines in three-dimensional space

A new principle is presented to generate isotropic uniform random (IUR) test lines hitting a geometric structure in three-dimensional space (3D). The principle therefore concerns the estimation of surface area, volume, membrane thickness, etc., of arbitrary structures with piecewise smooth boundary. The principle states that a point-sampled test line on an isotropic plane through a fixed point in 3D is effectively an invariant test line in 3D. Particular attention is devoted to the stereology of particles, where an alternative to the surfactor method is obtained to estimate surface area. An interesting case arises when the particle is convex. The methods are illustrated with synthetic examples.     

单膛石灰竖窑的改造

我厂竖窑容积为250m^3，设计利用系数为0．85t/(m^3．d)。随烧结产量的不断增加，石灰产量已不能满足烧结生产的需要。为了提高石灰产量，进行了扩容改造，容积由原来250m^3增加到298m^3，并针对目前生产实际提出下一步改造设想。     

加油站油品用体积交接存在的问题及建议

叙述了目前加油站在实行按任意温度下的体积交接，由于未考虑油品体积随温度、压力、密度的变化，出现了零售损耗很大的问题。建议加油站在现阶段采用“准标准体积”交接；在由体积转换为质量计算加油站损溢时，使用油库当月发出的平均密度；当财会核销损溢时，不使用盘存的体积和固定密度进行计算的方法，而使用实际盘点的质量数，以真实反映加油站的当期损溢。     

开流形的曲率与拓扑

应用比较几何的方法研究了完备非紧且具有特定曲率条件的黎曼流形，证明了在一定Pinching条件限制下，流形具有有限拓扑型或者微分同胚于R^n。     

Density Measurement of Liquid Ni-Ta Alloys by a Modified Sessile Drop Method

The density of liquid Ni- Ta alloys was measured by using a modified sessile drop method. It is found that the density of the liquid Ni- Ta alloys decreases with the increasing temperature, but increases with the increase of tantalum concentration in the alloys. The molar volume of liquid Ni- Ta binary alloys increases with the increase of temperature ancl tantalum concentration.     

求最佳配比的模拟压缩算法

研究了无放大效应的生产过程中各原料的配比问题，建立了一种模拟压缩模型，给出了求最佳配比的算法。     

Volumetric properties of mixtures of 1,4-dioxane and water at high pressures

Densities of aqueous of 1,4-dioxane have been measured at temperatures from 298 to 348 K and at pressures up to 40 MPa by a vibrating-tube method. Molar volumes obtained with an estimated uncertainty of ±0.2°,% are correlated with pressure by the Tait equation within the experimental uncertainty. Pressure and composition dependences of the excess molar volume, partial molar volume, and isothermal compressibility are determined and they are compared with those of other aqueous solutions.