工业有害废物填埋场渗析液处理设计

根据工业有害废物填埋场渗析液中含有多组份重金属以及水量的不连续性和出水回用的特点 ,采用化学处理法与过滤、吸附相结合的方法处理此渗析液 ,使出水达到国标“农业浇灌用水”标准的要求     

用钛白废酸和废铁屑制备聚合硫酸铁试验研究

利用钛白废酸和废铁屑制备了无机高分子絮凝剂聚合硫酸铁。详细研究了聚合硫酸铁制备过程中各因素对亚铁氧化、三价铁水解和聚合等过程的影响。确定了制备聚合硫酸铁的最佳工艺条件为：(1)氧化过程：pH为1．5，氧化剂与亚铁的物质的量之比为0．3，氧化温度为60℃，氧化时间为3h；(2)聚合过程：硫酸根与全铁的浓度比为1．4，陈化时间为2h。     

废硫酸裂解制酸装置转化工序技术改造

介绍了中国石油抚顺石化公司石油二厂废硫酸裂解制酸装置的运行情况及转化工序存在的问题。对该工序进行了技术改造:更换了转化反应催化剂,调整转化工序换热流程,增加了换热器,去掉转化混合器,同时增加了转化工序设备和管线的保温层厚度。改造后装置运行平稳,硫酸转化率达到设计值,并多生产硫酸520万t/a,排放尾气中SO2的质量浓度低于960mg/m3,同时节约电耗100万kWh/a,实现了经济效益和环境效益的双增长。     

基于iFIX平台的模糊PID控制在锅炉主汽压力控制中的设计

针对三台煤粉锅炉控制效果差,自动投入率低,尤其是主汽压力(流量)波动较大,不仅经济效益低,而且对下游设备造成严重损害。对三台锅炉进行了技术改造,通过引入基于参数自适应Fuzzy-PID的控制算法,在基于VBA脚本的iFIX上实现这一算法,对锅炉控制进行优化指导,使锅炉自动投入率提高,主汽压力(流量)趋于稳定,锅炉处于较高效率下运行,提高了经济效益。     

热处理-机械粉碎法分离废弃混凝土中骨料与基质胶凝组分

利用热处理与机械粉碎相结合的方法进行了废弃混凝土中骨料与基质胶凝组分的分离试验研究。将废弃混凝土在150℃,250℃,350℃和500℃下进行热处理，然后分别在球磨机和振动磨中粉碎，考察了骨料与基质胶凝组分的分离效率，并分析了骨料与基质的分离机理。试验结果表明。随着热处理温度的提高，分离效率显著提高；热处理温度较低时，球磨粉碎的分离效率高于振动粉碎，但500℃热处理后，振动粉碎的分离效率高于球磨粉碎。     

The influence of potential on the anodic dissolution of SIMFUEL (UO2)

The influence of potential on the anodic dissolution of SIMFUEL (doped uranium dioxide) has been characterized over the range 0-500 mV (versus SCE). Cathodic stripping voltammetry was used to determine the changes in surface reactivity of UO₂ in neutral solutions after different anodic oxidation timescales. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to view the damage to the SIMFUEL electrode surface which was minimal at E < 200 mV but present as local pits and eroded grains after oxidation at higher potentials. Long-term anodic oxidation at potentials below 200 mV suggests that local acidification can develop within surface asperities in the fuel and pores in corrosion product deposits accumulated on the electrode surface.     

磷渣制备高C3S熟料的烧成机理研究

利用ICP、DTA、XRD、SEM和EDXA测试方法,研究了磷渣在制备高C3_S熟料过程中的作用机理。研究结果表明,磷渣对高C_3S熟料烧成的促进作用主要是由于磷渣中CaSiO_3的“晶核作用”。     

Electrodialytic extraction of Cu,Pb and Cl from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash suspended in water

The possibility of using fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) in, for example, concrete is considered. MSWI fly ash, however, has too high a concentration of heavy metals, which may cause leaching problems during use or problems with waste handling at the end of the lifetime of the concrete. The Cl content in MSWI fly ash is also too high and will cause corrosion problems in reinforced concrete. The possibility of removing some of the unwanted heavy metals (Cu and Pb) together with Cl from an MSWI fly ash suspended in water using an electrodialytic separation method was investigated. The removal of Pb and Cu was found to be highly pH dependent and the highest contents removed were 41 and 90%, respectively. The Cu concentration of the ash decreased from 2200 to 860 mg kg^?1 but the Pb concentration increased from 8560 to 16 800 mg kg^?1, showing that Pb is mainly found in the ash fraction that is least soluble. Hence electrodialytic treatment of the ash suspended in water is not a solution to improve the ash quality in terms of Pb. The water‐soluble Cl content per unit weight of the original ash was 12.4%. The removal of water‐soluble Cl was efficient and >98% of Cl was removed (calculated on the basis of mean initial and final concentrations). This result indicates that electrodialytic extraction may be a method that can be used for the removal of Cl from ash prior to its utilization in concrete. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry     

Volatility of Simulated High-Level Nuclear Waste Glass by Thermogravimetric Analysis

The volatilities of simulated, high-level nuclear waste glasses have been measured using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). These volatilities were measured in the region of the glass transition temperature ( T _g) of the waste glasses, which is between 450° and 500°C. These data were obtained because the Waste Acceptance Preliminary Specifications require that no foreign materials be released into the canistered waste form upon heating of the canister to this glass transition temperature. In fact, all of the waste glass samples studied actually exhibited a net weight gain upon heating. This weight gain was shown to be due to oxygen uptake through oxidation of FeO. Powdered glass samples did show a small weight loss which was smaller in magnitude than the weight gain and was associated with water desorption. No true volatility was detected to the level of sensitivity (0.01 wt%) of the TGA instrument. This converts to a sensitivity of 330 μ g/m² of glass surface and a corresponding minimum value of 41 mg of volatiles for each Defense Waste Processing Facility conistered waste form. TGA experiments carried out at higher temperatures (800°C) revealed that organic concentrations in the waste glasses are less than 0.01 wt%. Thus, these results demonstrate that the Defense Waste Processing Facility will be able to comply with the Waste Acceptance Preliminary Specifications on the exclusion of foreign materials from the canistered waste forms, after exposure to T _g.