基于商业智能的小区日用水量预测模型研究

商业智能现在已广泛应用于各个领域,利用商业智能可以对趋势预测做出良好的支持,本文将其中一种常用商业智能的工具——数据仓库技术,应用于小区家庭的用水量预测研究。     

AutoCAD在建筑给排水系统图设计中的应用技巧

本文结合建筑给水系统图的特点,从绘制图例、确定主体管线、添加注释等方面介绍了运用AutoCAD软件进行建筑给排水系统设计图绘制的方法、技巧。     

Numerical Simulation of Oil‐water Hydrocyclone Using Reynolds‐Stress Model for Eulerian Multiphase Flows

A three‐dimensional oil‐water turbulent flow and oil separation process in a double‐cone liquid‐liquid hydrocyclone (LLHC) is numerically simulated using FLUENT software. The Euler‐Euler approach and Reynolds‐stress model are combined and adopted in this simulation to handle the challenging situation of anisotropic turbulent two‐phase flow with a higher volumetric ratio (over 10%) in the dispersed phase. It is visualized well in the simulation how separation, aggregation and shift of oil and water proceed in the LLHC. The oil separation efficiency is determined based on flow field and phase concentration distribution. The simulation is verified by comparing predicted and measured separation efficiency in the LLHC.     

Modelling water flow,nitrogen transport and root uptake including physical non-equilibrium and optimization of the root water potential

A model is presented for the simulation of water flow, heat flow, and nitrate and ammonium transport. Two approaches are used for modelling plant water uptake as well as for plant nitrogen uptake. Nitrogen transformations are accounted for in a very simple way. This paper focuses mainly on water flow modelling, solute transport, and water uptake. Richards' equation is used to model water flow in layered soil profiles with a great variety of boundary conditions. Solute transport is simulated with either a simple convection dispersion equation or with a two-region physical non-equilibrium model to distinguish between mobile and immobile water and solute exchange between these two regions. A macroscopic sink term is added to Richards' equation to account for plant water uptake. This term can be calculated along two different approaches, one of which is based on the concept of root water potential. The root water potential is then continuously optimized to minimize the difference between the climatic demand and the uptake rate.Simulation results are compared with field data from the Netherlands to illustrate the degree to which the model is able to predict water flow, solute transport and plant water uptake. The root water potential optimization model seems to provide the best prediction of water distribution. In particular the shape of the profile, revealing uptake patterns, is quite well reproduced with this model. Comparison of simulated and observed water content profiles seems also to reveal the presence of preferential pathways. The comparisons show also how predicted solute distributions can be improved by using a two-region approach rather than a simple convection-dispersion model.     

Adhesive bonding of stainless steel water tubing

The use of an adhesive to bond stainless steel water tubing, allowing stainless steel fittings to be employed, is considered and compared with the more conventional use of compression or capillary copper fittings together with a soft solder. Tests carried out to determine environmental effects on adhesively bonded stainless steel tubing suitable for domestic water supply, and the strengths of these joints, are described. It has been found that acrylic anaerobic adhesives are suitable for bonding tubing carrying cold water, the joints attaining superior strength to the copper-soldered ones; a reasonable degree of flexing can also be tolerated. It would appear that certain selected adhesives may also be used in joints carrying hot water.     

阴离子型微乳洗涤剂洗涤过程动力学研究

采用微乳手段，将十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、癸烷、正丁醇与水制成微乳液。当m(SDS)：m(C10H22)：m(C4H9OH)：m(H2O)=112：96：75：178时形成的微乳液对棉布上由原油形成的污垢的洗涤过程的速率方程为一级，洗涤过程活化能为13．2kJ／mol。30℃浸泡4h洗净度为88％，比用含相同质量分数的表面活性剂溶液的洗涤效果高出37％。     

新型气化炉煤气洗涤废水生物脱氮的研究

在实验室,采用SBR生化反应器,分别研究了经空气吹脱预处理和未经预处理的新型气化炉煤气洗涤废水经驯化建立的生态系统脱除氨态氮和COD以及脱氮模式的区别,得出以下结论:新型气化炉煤气洗涤废水可采用短程亚硝化型硝化形式直接进行生化处理。     

Solubility of Na2SO4, Na2CO3 and their mixture in supercritical water

The solubility of many salts in water decreases dramatically with temperature in the vicinity of the critical point of pure water. Examples of these salts are sulfates of sodium, potassium, lithium and sodium carbonate. These salts are usually produced during supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) and contribute to fouling. The solubility of Na₂CO₃ and Na₂SO₄ has been determined in pure form and in the presence of each other, for the temperature range relevant to SCWO. The experimental procedure was to pass the salt solution through a tube at constant temperature. After a brief initiation period during which no salt sticks to the tube, the salt above the solubility limit deposited on the tube surface. The solution leaving the section was thus at the solubility limit. A rapid decrease in the salt solubility was observed just above the pseudo-critical temperature. For supercritical conditions, the solubility of each salt in the form of a mixture was quite close to the solubility of pure salt. At the highest fluid density considered (480 kg/m³) the presence of Na₂CO₃ reduces the solubility of Na₂SO₄, as might be expected from the “common-ion effect”.     

脱水法合成3-羟基丁酸乙酯

以3-羟基丁酸和乙醇为原料，在对甲苯磺酸的催化下分别以氧化钙、3A分子筛、无水硫酸镁为脱水剂，采用索氏提取器进行回流脱水合成3-羟基丁酸乙酯。对影响3-羟基丁酸乙酯收率的诸因素进行了考察。试验结果表明：加入脱水剂和带水剂可以显著提高3-羟基丁酸乙酯的收率。当原料配比为：0．1mol 3-羟基丁酸、0．12mol乙醇，0．7175g对甲苯磺酸，带水剂环己烷50mL，脱水剂18．7g氧化钙，反应时间3h时，产品3-羟基丁酸乙酯的收率可达96．6％(质量分数，下同)。     

COD测定方法的研究动态

从采用不同的氧化剂测定、寻找新的催化剂、样品消解方法的改进、在线监测仪器及与其他综合指标的相关关系等几个方面论述了化学需氧量测定方法的发展与研究现状.